Search results for "Sibling"

The Independent Effects of Psychosocial Stressors on Subclinical Psychosis: Findings from the Multinational EU-GEI Study

2021

The influence of psychosocial stressors on psychosis risk has usually been studied in isolation and after the onset of the disorder, potentially ignoring important confounding relationships or the fact that some stressors that may be the consequence of the disorder rather than preexisting. The study of subclinical psychosis could help to address some of these issues. In this study, we investigated whether there was (i) an association between dimensions of subclinical psychosis and several psychosocial stressors including: childhood trauma, self-reported discrimination experiences, low social capital, and stressful life experiences, and (ii) any evidence of environment-environment (ExE) inte…

Diagnosis of sibling species of Drosophila involved in the colonization of North America by D. subobscura

1997

To determine the effects of the recent colonization of the west coast of North America by the Palaearctic species Drosophila subobscura on the dynamics of the Drosophila populations, the sibling species D. athabasca and D. azteca must be classified unambiguously. We have characterized these two species using three molecular techniques: allozymes, mtDNA and RAPDs. All three techniques allow the classification of any individual as belonging to either species. The study of five localities in northern California and southern Oregon show that the area of overlap is larger than previously described.

1993

We have pointed out that the history of the giraffe’s neck served as an example to explain the theoretical concepts of transformism, proposed by J.-B. Lamarck, and of Darwin’s natural selection. However, at that time it had not been substantiated by palaeontological data. Since then, the record has furnished a number of fossils which enable us to reconstruct the major trends in the evolution of the giraffides of Africa, Asia, and Europe [1,2, 3] (Fig. 16.1; Appendix 16.1).

Negative association between parental care and sibling cooperation in earwigs: a new perspective on the early evolution of family life?

2015

International audience; The evolution of family life requires net fitness benefits for offspring, which are commonly assumed to mainly derive from parental care. However, an additional source of benefits for offspring is often overlooked: cooperative interactions among juvenile siblings. In this study, we examined how sibling cooperation and parental care could jointly contribute to the early evolution of family life. Specifically, we tested whether the level of food transferred among siblings (sibling cooperation) in the European earwig F orficula auricularia (1) depends on the level of maternal food provisioning (parental care) and (2) is translated into offspring survival, as well as fem…

A polymorphism in the TYMP gene is associated with the outcome of HLA-identical sibling allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

2013

Thymidine phosphorylase (TYMP), an enzyme involved in nucleotide synthesis, has been implicated in critical biological processes such as DNA replication, protection against mutations, and tissue repair. In this work, we retrospectively evaluated the influence of a polymorphism in the TYMP gene (rs112723255; G/A) upon the outcome of 448 patients subjected to allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) from an human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-identical sibling donor. The TYMP genotype of patients correlated with overall survival—carriers of the minor allele (A) being at an increased risk of dying after transplantation (hazard ratio, HR = 1.9; P = 0.004). This effect was mostly due to differe…

Related versus unrelated donor transplantation for high risk (HiRi) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission (CR1)

2007

Abstract Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) from an HLA-identical sibling donor (SIB) is considered the preferred postremission therapy for younger patients with HiRi AML in CR1. The role of allo-SCT from volunteer unrelated donors (VUDs) is less clear and randomized controlled trials addressing this issue do not exist. We performed an observational landmark analysis on parallel cohorts of patients aged <60 years with AML in CR1 and HiRi cytogenetics who had been enrolled into the AML Cooperative Group (AMLCG) 1999 trial. 2347 patients were evaluable for the present update. 243/2347 patients were <60 years of age and had unfavorable cytogenetics [com…

Ziemojošo zīlīšu izdzīvošanas stratēģijas

1996

Hyaline fibromatosis syndrome (juvenile hyaline fibromatosis): whole-body MR findings in two siblings with different subcutaneous nodules distributio…

2017

Abstract: Hyaline fibromatosis syndrome (juvenile hyaline fibromatosis) is a rare, progressive, autosomal recessive disorder whose main hallmark is the deposition of amorphous hyaline material in soft tissues, with an evolutionary course and health impairment. It may present involvement of subcutaneous or periskeletal soft tissue, or may develop as a visceral infiltration entity with poor prognosis. Very few radiological data about this inherited condition have been reported, due to the extreme rarity of disease. We herein present a case of two siblings, affected by different severity of the disease, with different clinical features. They were examined by whole-body MR (WBMR) in order to as…

Mental health perspectives of Hunter syndrome: Case reports of two biological siblings

2016

Hunter syndrome is a rare X-linked recessive disorder caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme iduronate-2-sulphatase, leading to progressive accumulation of a substance called glycosaminoglycans in nearly all cell types, tissues, and organs. Hunter syndrome presents with facial dysmorphism, airway diseases, skeletal defects, cardiomyopathies, and neuropsychiatric manifestations. Mental subnormality is a cardinal feature in Hunter syndrome. This is a progressive cognitive decline that is not amenable to enzyme replacement therapy. Due to progressive cognitive decline, training the children to improve the adaptive functioning is a challenge that creates immense stress for the caregivers.…

MAINZ CONGENITAL BIRTH DEFECT MONITORING SYSTEM

1994

The two most important aims of tho Mainz Congenital Birth Defect Monitoring Syitem wore to find “incidence” rates and to took for etiological causes of congenital malformations. All babies born in Mainz underwent a standardized physical and sonographic examination. Anamnestic data of family history, enviromental factors, drug exposure etc. were collected. Using case controll studies we looked for special correlations between morphologic defects and anamnestic data as factors of risk. The relative risk was calculated as odds ratio. Results: In 1990 and 1991 we examinated 8430 newborns. 656 (7,8%) children had major and 2609 (31,1%) minor malformations. Systemic localisation of major defects:…