Search results for "Simulation and modeling"
showing 10 items of 38 documents
Experiment of Indoor Thermal Optimization of an Old Historic Building of Cluny through Digital Mock-up Simulation
2013
International audience; Improving energy efficiency is the first and most important step toward achieving sustainability in buildings. Buildings designed with sustainable solutions are usually energy-efficient because sustainable design is aimed at producing green buildings. In the case of historic buildings, however, this is quite challenging. Integrated building energy simulation programs have been used in various ways by building professionals to respond to these challenges and to improve building design with respect to sustainability. This poster presents a new approach toward optimizing thermal indoor energy using a digital mock-up simulation of a historical building to explore its pot…
Interactions of pharmaceutical companies with world countries, cancers and rare diseases from Wikipedia network analysis
2019
AbstractUsing the English Wikipedia network of more than 5 million articles we analyze interactions and interlinks between the 34 largest pharmaceutical companies, 195 world countries, 47 rare renal diseases and 37 types of cancer. The recently developed algorithm using a reduced Google matrix (REGOMAX) allows us to take account both of direct Markov transitions between these articles and also of indirect transitions generated by the pathways between them via the global Wikipedia network. This approach therefore provides a compact description of interactions between these articles that allows us to determine the friendship networks between them, as well as the PageRank sensitivity of countr…
Incidence rates of narcolepsy diagnoses in Taiwan, Canada, and Europe: The use of statistical simulation to evaluate methods for the rapid assessment…
2018
Vacunación; Narcolepsia; Simulación y modelado: en Vacunació; Narcolèpsia; Simulació i modelització Vaccination; Narcolepsy; Simulation and modeling Background & objectives Vaccine safety signals require investigation, which may be done rapidly at the population level using ecological studies, before embarking on hypothesis-testing studies. Incidence rates were used to assess a signal of narcolepsy following AS03-adjuvanted monovalent pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) influenza vaccination among children and adolescents in Sweden and Finland in 2010. We explored the utility of ecological data to assess incidence of narcolepsy following exposure to pandemic H1N1 virus or vaccination in 10 sites that use…
The Evonik-Mainz Eye Care-Study (EMECS): Development of an Expert System for Glaucoma Risk Detection in a Working Population
2015
Purpose To develop an expert system for glaucoma screening in a working population based on a human expert procedure using images of optic nerve head (ONH), visual field (frequency doubling technology, FDT) and intraocular pressure (IOP). Methods 4167 of 13037 (32%) employees between 40 and 65 years of Evonik Industries were screened. An experienced glaucoma expert (JW) assessed papilla parameters and evaluated all individual screening results. His classification into “no glaucoma”, “possible glaucoma” and “probable glaucoma” was defined as “gold standard”. A screening model was developed which was tested versus the gold-standard. This model took into account the assessment of the ONH. Valu…
Problem-based learning for anesthesia resident operating room crisis management training.
2018
Background Senior anesthesia residents must acquire competency in crisis management for operating room (OR) emergencies. We conducted problem based learning (PBL) OR emergency scenarios for anesthesia residents, focused on emergencies in ‘Airway’, ‘Circulation’, ‘Central venous catheter’, and ‘Pain management complications’. Non-technical skills are an integral component of team-based OR emergency management. Methods Prior to integrated OR emergency clinical and non-technical skills PBL training, participating 35 anesthesia residents completed two 5-point scale surveys regarding frequency of emergency experiences in the operating room, and self-confidence for anesthesia-related crisis manag…
Physiologically based metformin pharmacokinetics model of mice and scale-up to humans for the estimation of concentrations in various tissues
2020
Metformin is the primary drug for type 2 diabetes treatment and a promising candidate for other disease treatment. It has significant deviations between individuals in therapy efficiency and pharmacokinetics, leading to the administration of an unnecessary overdose or an insufficient dose. There is a lack of data regarding the concentration-time profiles in various human tissues that limits the understanding of pharmacokinetics and hinders the development of precision therapies for individual patients. The physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model developed in this study is based on humans’ known physiological parameters (blood flow, tissue volume, and others). The missing tissue-s…
The COPD multi-dimensional phenotype: A new classification from the STORICO Italian observational study.
2019
BackgroundThis paper is aimed to (i) develop an innovative classification of COPD, multi-dimensional phenotype, based on a multidimensional assessment; (ii) describe the identified multi-dimensional phenotypes.MethodsAn exploratory factor analysis to identify the main classificatory variables and, then, a cluster analysis based on these variables were run to classify the COPD-diagnosed 514 patients enrolled in the STORICO (trial registration number: NCT03105999) study into multi-dimensional phenotypes.ResultsThe circadian rhythm of symptoms and health-related quality of life, but neither comorbidity nor respiratory function, qualified as primary classificatory variables. Five multidimension…
Three dimensional reconstruction to visualize atrial fibrillation activation patterns on curved atrial geometry
2021
BackgroundThe rotational activation created by spiral waves may be a mechanism for atrial fibrillation (AF), yet it is unclear how activation patterns obtained from endocardial baskets are influenced by the 3D geometric curvature of the atrium or ‘unfolding’ into 2D maps. We develop algorithms that can visualize spiral waves and their tip locations on curved atrial geometries. We use these algorithms to quantify differences in AF maps and spiral tip locations between 3D basket reconstructions, projection onto 3D anatomical shells and unfolded 2D surfaces.MethodsWe tested our algorithms in N = 20 patients in whom AF was recorded from 64-pole baskets (Abbott, CA). Phase maps were generated by…
The Low Energy-Coupling Respiration in Zymomonas mobilis Accelerates Flux in the Entner-Doudoroff Pathway.
2015
Performing oxidative phosphorylation is the primary role of respiratory chain both in bacteria and eukaryotes. Yet, the branched respiratory chains of prokaryotes contain alternative, low energy-coupling electron pathways, which serve for functions other than oxidative ATP generation (like those of respiratory protection, adaptation to low-oxygen media, redox balancing, etc.), some of which are still poorly understood. We here demonstrate that withdrawal of reducing equivalents by the energetically uncoupled respiratory chain of the bacterium Zymomonas mobilis accelerates its fermentative catabolism, increasing the glucose consumption rate. This is in contrast to what has been observed in o…
A Structural Model of the Human α7 Nicotinic Receptor in an Open Conformation
2015
International audience; Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAchRs) are ligand-gated ion channels that regulate chemical transmission at the neuromuscular junction. Structural information is available at low resolution from open and closed forms of an eukaryotic receptor, and at high resolution from other members of the same structural family, two prokaryotic orthologs and an eukary- otic GluCl channel. Structures of human channels however are still lacking. Homology modeling and Molecular Dynamics simulations are valuable tools to predict structures of unknown proteins, however, for the case of human nAchRs, they have been unsuccessful in providing a stable open structure so far. This is du…