Search results for "Simulation"

showing 10 items of 5095 documents

Host kairomone learning and foraging success in an egg parasitoid: a simulation model

2009

Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) is an egg parasitoid that recognises chemical residues left by its host the green stink bug Nezara viridula (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) as kairomone signals, enabling it to find egg masses in which to lay eggs. 2. Kairomones are usually present as patches deposited by N. viridula females, and recent results (Peri et al. , Journal of Experimental Biology , 209 , 3629 - 3635, 2006) indicated that females of T. basalis are able to learn the features of their foraging environment and to adjust accordingly the amount of time spent on the patches of kairomones they are visiting, depending on whether or not host eggs are found. 3. In o…

EcologybiologyGreen stink bugHost (biology)Ecology[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]ForagingHymenopteraPATCHbiology.organism_classificationLEARNINGParasitoidTRISSOLCUS BASALISSettore AGR/11 - Entomologia Generale E ApplicataMONTE CARLO SIMULATIONNezara viridulaInsect ScienceKairomoneKAIROMONEScelionidaeRELATION HOTE-PARASITE
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2015

The manner in which populations of inhibitory (INH) and excitatory (EXC) neocortical neurons collectively encode stimulus-related information is a fundamental, yet still unresolved question. Here we address this question by simultaneously recording with large-scale multi-electrode arrays (of up to 128 channels) the activity of cell ensembles (of up to 74 neurons) distributed along all layers of 3–4 neighboring cortical columns in the anesthetized adult rat somatosensory barrel cortex in vivo. Using two different whisker stimulus modalities (location and frequency) we show that individual INH neurons – classified as such according to their distinct extracellular spike waveforms – discriminat…

Ecologybusiness.industrySensory systemBarrel cortexBiologyStimulus (physiology)Somatosensory systemInhibitory postsynaptic potentialMachine learningcomputer.software_genreCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceComputational Theory and MathematicsModeling and SimulationNeuronal tuningGeneticsExcitatory postsynaptic potentialArtificial intelligencebusinessMolecular BiologyNeurosciencecomputerEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsInformation redundancyPLOS Computational Biology
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Ten simple rules for a successful EU Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions Postdoctoral (MSCA) fellowship application.

2022

EcologyeditorialtutkijavaihtotutkijathakemukseturakehitysCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceComputational Theory and Mathematicsammatillinen kehitysModeling and SimulationGeneticsapurahattyöuraFellowships and ScholarshipsMolecular BiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicsfellowship applicationPLoS computational biology
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Sensitivity analysis and process optimization of a natural gas dehydration unit using triethylene glycol

2019

Abstract Dehydration of natural gas by absorption using triethylene glycol (TEG) is a common industrial offshore procedure to ensure the compliance with the required water dew point specifications for midstream transportation. Two thermodynamic models, the UMR-PRU and the TST/NRTL, are applied for the process simulation while a preliminary economic evaluation has been conducted revealing that both yield overall similar results as for the fixed capital cost which is found to be in good agreement with reported literature values. Moreover, sensitivity analysis of several operational parameters of the process has been performed and optimized values are suggested aiming to reduce its energy requ…

Economic evaluation Optimization Sensitivity analysis TEG dehydration TST/NRTL UMR-PRUbusiness.industry020209 energySettore ING-IND/25 - Impianti ChimiciEnergy Engineering and Power Technology02 engineering and technologyGeotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geologychemistry.chemical_compoundFuel TechnologyDew point020401 chemical engineeringchemistryNatural gas0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringEnvironmental scienceCapital costProcess optimizationSensitivity (control systems)0204 chemical engineeringProcess simulationProcess engineeringbusinessOperating costTriethylene glycol
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Optimal Sustainable Policies Under Pollution Ceiling: the Demographic Side

2014

AD; International audience; We study optimal sustainable policies in a benchmark logistic world (where both population and technological progress follow logistic laws of motion) subject to a pollution ceiling. The main policy in the hands of the benevolent planner is pollution abatement, ultimately leading to the control of a dirtiness index as in the early literature of the limits to growth literature. Besides inclusion of demographic dynamics, we also hypothesize that population size affects negatively the natural regeneration or assimilation rate, as a side product of human activities (like increasing pollution, deforestation, ...). We first characterize optimal sustainable policies. Und…

Economic growthEngineeringNatural resource economicsPopulationLimits to growth Sustainable policy Optimal growth Demographic dynamics Pollution ceilingLimits to growthpollution ceiling[SHS]Humanities and Social SciencesDemographic dynamicslimits to growth11. SustainabilityOptimal growthPer capitaPopulation growthsustainable policyeducation[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and FinanceConsumption (economics)education.field_of_studylimits to growthsustainable policyoptimal growthdemographic dynamicspollution ceilingTechnological changebusiness.industryApplied MathematicsPopulation sizePollution ceiling15. Life on land[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and FinanceTechnical progressProjections of population growth13. Climate actionModeling and SimulationSustainable policybusinessoptimal growthdemographic dynamics
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Model Based Monte Carlo Pricing of Energy and Temperature Quanto Options

2010

Weather derivatives have become very popular tools in weather risk management in recent years. One of the elements supporting their diffusion has been the increase in volatility observed on many energy markets. Among the several available contracts, Quanto options are now becoming very popular for a simple reason: they take into account the strong correlation between energy consumption and certain weather conditions, so enabling price and weather risk to be controlled at the same time. These products are more efficient and, in many cases, significantly cheaper than simpler plain vanilla options. Unfortunately, the specific features of energy and weather time series do not enable the use of …

Economics and EconometricsComputer scienceMonte Carlo methodTemperature levelBivariate analysisEnergy priceDynamic modelMicroeconomicsEconomicsEconometricsweather derivatives Quanto options pricing derivative pricing model simulation and forecast.Time seriesQuanto options; Temperature level; Energy price; Dynamic modelMonte Carlo methods for option pricingjel:C53Quanto optionsjel:C51Energy consumptionVariance (accounting)jel:C32Quantojel:G13weather derivatives; Quanto options pricing; derivative pricing; model simulation; forecastjel:L94jel:G17General Energyjel:Q54Binomial options pricing modelVolatility (finance)Futures contract
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Forecasting industry sector default rates through dynamic factor models

2008

In this paper we use a reduced-form model for the analysis of portfolio credit risk. For this purpose, we fit a dynamic factor model to a large data set of default rate proxies and macro-variables for Italy. Multiple step ahead density and probability forecasts are obtained by employing both the direct and indirect methods of prediction together with stochastic simulation of the dynamic factor model. We first find that the direct method is the best performer regarding the out-of-sample projection of financial distressful events. In a second stage of the analysis, we find that reducedform portfolio credit risk measures obtained through the dynamic factor model are lower than those correspond…

Economics and EconometricsDynamic Factor Model Forecasting Stochastic Simulation Risk Management Bankingbusiness.industrycredit riskApplied MathematicsDirect methodforecastingBasel IIcredit risk; dynamic factor; forecasting; risk managementrisk managementModeling and SimulationDynamic factorPrincipal component analysisStochastic simulationEconometricsbusinessProjection (set theory)FinanceRisk managementCredit riskMathematicsdynamic factor
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Development of net energy ratio and emission factor for quad-generation pathways

2014

Published version of an article in the journal: Energy Systems. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12667-014-0126-4 The conversion of biomass to four different outputs via gasification is a renewable technology that could reduce the use of fossil fuels and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study investigates the energy aspects for a new concept of biomass based quad-generation plant producing power, heat, methanol and methane. Circulating fluidized bed gasifier and the gas technology institute (GTI) gasifier technologies are used for this quad-generation process. Two different biomass feedstocks are considered in this study. The net energy ratio for six diff…

Economics and EconometricsEngineeringBiomassMethaneFeedstockschemistry.chemical_compoundVDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Basic biosciences: 470::Biophysics: 477Fluidized bed combustionfeedstocksnet energy ratioWood gas generatorWaste managementbusiness.industryQuad-generationVDP::Technology: 500Fossil fuelEnvironmental engineeringquad-generationsyngasSyngasGeneral EnergychemistryModeling and SimulationGreenhouse gasAcid rainbusinessNet energy ratioSyngas
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Unleashing Growth Potential in ‘Stunted’ SMEs: Insights from Simulator Experiments

2006

The literature recognises the phenomenon of 'dwarf' or 'stunted' small and micro firms (in Italian nanismo aziendale) and that they might represent potential lost opportunities for owners and the local economy. This paper describes the development of a simple 'insight' model to simulate the behaviour of such firms. The model replicates the basic no-growth, cyclical behaviour attributed to them and shows how changes in targets and attitudes towards asset management can change that behaviour to one of stable growth. In this simple form, the model does link behaviours to system structure and could support individual entrepreneurs in understanding the reasons for dwarfism in their firm and the …

Economics and EconometricsEntrepreneurshipNanismo aziendalebusiness.industryStunted-growthStrategyGrowthDwarf businesseIdentification (information)Local economyPhenomenonmedicineEconomicsAsset managementBusiness and International ManagementMarketingStunted growthmedicine.symptombusinessSystem structureIndustrial organizationSimulation
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Forecasting Financial Crises and Contagion in Asia using Dynamic Factor Analysis

2009

Abstract In this paper we use principal components analysis to obtain vulnerability indicators able to predict financial turmoil. Probit modelling through principal components and also stochastic simulation of a Dynamic Factor model are used to produce the corresponding probability forecasts regarding the currency crisis events affecting a number of East Asian countries during the 1997–1998 period. The principal components model improves upon a number of competing models, in terms of out-of-sample forecasting performance.

Economics and EconometricsFinancial contagionforecasting; dynamic factor; currency crisesFinancial contagionFinancial economicsVulnerabilityforecastingProbitFinancial Contagion Dynamic Factor Model Stochastic SimulationFinancial Contagion Dynamic Factor ModelStochastic simulationEconomicsEast AsiaFinancebusiness.industryjel:C51jel:C32Dynamic Factor modelCurrency crisisjel:F34currency crisesDynamic factorPrincipal component analysisbusinessFinancedynamic factor
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