Search results for "Single"

showing 10 items of 4920 documents

Classifying Regions for European Development Funding

2010

Structural and cohesion funds play a prominent role in European Union regional policy, which aims to reduce gaps in development between regions and disparities in well-being between European citizens. The regions and areas eligible for funding — 308,000 million during the 2007—13 period — are chosen according to regional GDP per inhabitant as the variable of reference. Despite the great importance of this indicator, the complex socioeconomic reality of regions cannot be fully explained by means of a single variable. Hence, using the large number of variables on economic, political, cultural and demographic characteristics available at regional level, this article groups European regions in…

Single variableEnvironmental Science (miscellaneous)Homogeneous clustersRegional policyUrban StudiesVariable (computer science)PoliticsGeographyDevelopment economicsRegional scienceCohesion (chemistry)media_common.cataloged_instanceEuropean unionSocioeconomic statusmedia_commonEuropean Urban and Regional Studies
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An efficient prototype merging strategy for the condensed 1-NN rule through class-conditional hierarchical clustering

2002

Abstract A generalized prototype-based classification scheme founded on hierarchical clustering is proposed. The basic idea is to obtain a condensed 1-NN classification rule by merging the two same-class nearest clusters, provided that the set of cluster representatives correctly classifies all the original points. Apart from the quality of the obtained sets and its flexibility which comes from the fact that different intercluster measures and criteria can be used, the proposed scheme includes a very efficient four-stage procedure which conveniently exploits geometric cluster properties to decide about each possible merge. Empirical results demonstrate the merits of the proposed algorithm t…

Single-linkage clusteringcomputer.software_genreComplete-linkage clusteringHierarchical clusteringk-nearest neighbors algorithmArtificial IntelligenceNearest-neighbor chain algorithmClassification ruleSignal ProcessingCluster (physics)Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionData miningMerge (version control)computerSoftwareMathematicsPattern Recognition
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Testing steady-state analysis of single-ring and square pressure infiltrometer data

2016

Testing reliability of the saturated soil hydraulic conductivity, Ks, estimated by applying the steady-state single-ring (SR) model to the quasi steady-state infiltration rates obtained with a single-ring pressure infiltrometer (PI) increases confidence in the estimated Ks values. Determining a means to estimate Ks from infiltration data collected with a square infiltrometer allows the use of sources of different shapes. Using numerically simulated infiltration rates for six homogeneous soils ranging in texture from sand to silty clay loam, this investigation suggested an overall good performance of the SR model, with estimated Ks values differing by not more than 25% from the true values f…

Single-ring pressure infiltrometer0208 environmental biotechnologySquare infiltrometerSoil ScienceSoil scienceNumerical simulation04 agricultural and veterinary sciences02 engineering and technologyInfiltration (HVAC)020801 environmental engineeringSaturated soil hydraulic conductivityHydraulic conductivityLoamSoil water040103 agronomy & agriculture0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesInfiltrometerSpatial variabilitySaturation (chemistry)PondingMathematicsGeoderma
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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance for Cultural Heritage

2007

Abstract Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) portable devices are now being used for nondestructive in situ analysis of water content, pore space structure and protective treatment performance in porous media in the field of cultural heritage. It is a standard procedure to invert T 1 and T 2 relaxation data of fully water-saturated samples to get “pore size” distributions, but the use of T 2 requires great caution. It is well known that dephasing effects due to water molecule diffusion in a magnetic field gradient can affect transverse relaxation data, even if the smallest experimentally available half echo time τ is used in Carr–Purcell–Meiboom–Gill experiments. When a portable single-sided N…

Single-sided NMR deviceGeologic SedimentsPORE SIZE DISTRIBUTIONSMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyTime FactorsField (physics)Scale (ratio)Surface PropertiesSample (material)DiffusionDephasingBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsInhomogeneous magnetic fieldsDiffusionNuclear magnetic resonanceRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingNMR SINGLE-SIDEDChemistryConstruction MaterialsRelaxation (NMR)WaterPOROUS MEDIANMRArchaeologyNMR relaxationNuclear magnetic resonance in porous mediaPorous mediaNMR relaxationSingle-sided NMR deviceInhomogeneous magnetic fieldsCultural heritageCULTURAL HERITAGEPorous mediumPorosity
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Comparison of the photoinductive properties of commercial, synthetic and soil-extracted humic substances

1997

Abstract The photochemical behavior of a fulvic acid (FA) and several humic acids (HAs) were studied. These synthetic, commercial or soils-extracted humic substances were compared according to their abilities to sensitize the formation of singlet oxygen and to photoinduce the transformation of aromatic compounds such as 2,4,6-trimethylphenol (TMP) and 1,1-dimethyl-3-phenylurea (fenuron). Singlet oxygen was detected by ESR experiments, and quantum yields of singlet oxygen formation were measured by using 1,2-difuranyl-2-hydroxyethanone (furion) as a probe molecule. The photoinductive capacities were evaluated from the kinetics of TMP and fenuron disappearance. The humic substances that showe…

Singlet oxygenGeneral Chemical EngineeringInorganic chemistryKineticsGeneral Physics and AstronomyQuantum yieldchemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryCarbon-13 NMROxygenPodzolchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrySinglet statePhenolsJournal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry
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Dibenzocycloheptatriene as end-group of Thiele and tetrabenzo-Chichibabin hydrocarbons

2020

The authors are grateful for the financial support from: MICIU/FEDER/AEI, Spain (PG2018-101181-B-I00, PGC2018-095808B-I00, MAT2016-80826-R, FIP-2018-HECTIC-PTM, Prometeo2019/076 and the "Severo Ochoa" Programme for Centres of Excellence in R & D; SEV-2015-0496), the European Research Council (ERC) (677023), DGR (Catalunya) (2017-SGR-918), and SNSF (Switzerland, TS., PZ00P2_174175). We thank the CSIRC-Alhambra and SciCore (Basel, Switzerland) for supercomputing facilities and the Servei de RMN, UAB, for instrument time.

SingletAggregation-induced emissionPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysisClosed-shellComputational chemistryMaterials ChemistrySinglet stateAggregation-induced emissionOpen shellchemistry.chemical_classification010405 organic chemistryChemistryDiradicalMetals and AlloysGeneral Chemistry3. Good health0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsEnd-groupTerminal (electronics)Ceramics and CompositesPolycyclic aromatic-hydrocarbon
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Design of carborane molecular architectures with electronic structure computations: From endohedral and polyradical systems to multidimensional netwo…

2009

11 pags, 6 figs. -- 19th International Conference on Physical Organic Chemistry (ICPOC-19) 13–18 July 2008, Santiago de Compostela, Spain

SingletComputational chemistryIcosahedral symmetryChemistryCASPT2General Chemical EngineeringComputationQuantum chemical computationsMolecular architectureGeneral ChemistryElectronic structureCASSCFDFTElectronic structuresTripletBiradicalsDianionsComputational chemistryAtomCarboraneSinglet stateDimersCarboranes
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3D objects descriptors methods: Overview and trends

2017

International audience; Object recognition or object's category recognition under varying conditions is one of the most astonishing capabilities of human visual system. The scientists in computer vision have been trying for decades to reproduce this ability by implementing algorithms and providing computers with appropriate tools. Hence, several intelligent systems have been proposed. To act in this field, numerous approaches have been proposed. In this paper we present an overview of the current trend in 3D objects recognition and describe some representative state of the art methods, highlighting their limits and complexity.

Sketch recognitionComputer science3D single-object recognition[INFO.INFO-GR] Computer Science [cs]/Graphics [cs.GR]02 engineering and technology[INFO.INFO-CG]Computer Science [cs]/Computational Geometry [cs.CG]Field (computer science)object recognitionhuman visual systemcomputer vision[INFO.INFO-CV] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV][INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingHuman–computer interactionobject category recognition0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringskeletonComputer vision3D objects descriptors methodsVisualization3D objects recognitionintelligent systemsNon-Controlled Indexingbusiness.industryCognitive neuroscience of visual object recognitionIntelligent decision support system[INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]Shape020207 software engineeringComputational modelingObject (computer science)Keypoints3D objects[INFO.INFO-GR]Computer Science [cs]/Graphics [cs.GR]VisualizationRecognition[INFO.INFO-CG] Computer Science [cs]/Computational Geometry [cs.CG]Human visual system modelSolid modelingThree-dimensional displays020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligencebusiness
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Hexyl aminolevulinate, 5‐aminolevulinic acid nanoemulsion and methyl aminolevulinate in photodynamic therapy of non‐aggressive basal cell carcinomas:…

2020

Background In the photodynamic therapy (PDT) of non‐aggressive basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), 5‐aminolevulinic acid nanoemulsion (BF‐200ALA) has shown non‐inferior efficacy when compared with methyl aminolevulinate (MAL), a widely used photosensitizer. Hexyl aminolevulinate (HAL) is an interesting alternative photosensitizer. To our knowledge, this is the first study using HAL‐PDT in the treatment of BCCs. Objectives To compare the histological clearance, tolerability (pain and post‐treatment reaction), and cosmetic outcome of MAL, BF‐200 ALA, and low‐concentration HAL in the PDT of non‐aggressive BCCs. Methods Ninety‐eight histologically verified non‐aggressive BCCs met the inclusion criter…

Skin Neoplasmsmedicine.medical_treatmentPhotodynamic therapyGastroenterologylaw.invention030207 dermatology & venereal diseases0302 clinical medicineMethyl aminolevulinateRandomized controlled trialnon-aggressive basal cell carcinomalawTOPICAL IMIQUIMODProspective Studies10. No inequalityProspective cohort studyPhotosensitizing AgentsSisätaudit - Internal medicinePAINkarsinoomat3. Good healthTreatment OutcomeInfectious Diseasesphotodynamic therapyTolerabilityFluorouracil030220 oncology & carcinogenesisBOWENS-DISEASEmedicine.symptommedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtyBiolääketieteet - Biomedicine3122 Cancersmethyl aminolevulinateEUROPEAN GUIDELINESDermatologySINGLE-BLINDLesion03 medical and health scienceshexyl aminolevulinatenon‐aggressive basal cell carcinomaSyöpätaudit - CancersInternal medicineparasitic diseasesMANAGEMENTmedicineCarcinomaHumansANESTHESIAbusiness.industryAminolevulinic Acidmedicine.disease5‐aminolevulinic acid nanoemulsionFLUOROURACILPROTOPORPHYRIN IX FORMATIONfotodynaaminen hoitoPhotochemotherapyCarcinoma Basal Cell5-aminolevulinic acid nanoemulsionbusinessSKINJournal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology
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Radiation Hardness Assurance Through System-Level Testing: Risk Acceptance, Facility Requirements, Test Methodology, and Data Exploitation

2021

International audience; Functional verification schemes at a level different from component-level testing are emerging as a cost-effective tool for those space systems for which the risk associated with a lower level of assurance can be accepted. Despite the promising potential, system-level radiation testing can be applied to the functional verification of systems under restricted intrinsic boundaries. Most of them are related to the use of hadrons as opposed to heavy ions. Hadrons are preferred for the irradiation of any bulky system, in general, because of their deeper penetration capabilities. General guidelines about the test preparation and procedure for a high-level radiation test ar…

Small satelllitessmall satellitesComputer scienceRadiation effects02 engineering and technologytest methodology01 natural sciencesSpace missionsSpace explorationsystem-level testing0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringRadiation hardeningTechnik [600]Reliability (statistics)avaruustekniikka[PHYS]Physics [physics]protonselektroniikkalaitteetrisk acceptance[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-SPACE-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Space Physics [physics.space-ph]Commercial off-the-shelf (COTS)Test (assessment)facilitiesPerformance evaluationTotal ionizing doseSystem verificationtestmethodologyNuclear and High Energy Physicstotal ionizing dose (TID)0103 physical scienceselektroniikkaRadiation hardening (electronics)Electrical and Electronic Engineeringsingle-event effect (SEE)Functional verification010308 nuclear & particles physics600: Technikneutrons020206 networking & telecommunicationsTest methodSystem level testingReliability engineering[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/ElectronicsNuclear Energy and EngineeringtestausmenetelmätsäteilyfysiikkaOrbit (dynamics)radiation hardness assurancejärjestelmätddc:600
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