Search results for "Skeletal"

showing 10 items of 3025 documents

Effect of static foot posture on the dynamic stiffness of foot joints during walking

2018

Background The static foot posture has been related to the development of lower limb injuries. Research question This study aimed to investigate the dynamic stiffness of foot joints during gait in the sagittal plane to understand the role of the static foot posture in the development of injuries. Methods Seventy healthy adult male subjects with different static postures, assessed by the Foot Posture Index (FPI) (30 normal, 20 highly pronated and 20 highly supinated), were recruited. Kinematic and kinetic data were recorded using an optical motion capture system and a pressure platform, and dynamic stiffness at the different stages of the stance was calculated from the slopes of the linear r…

AdultMaleMetatarsophalangeal Jointmusculoskeletal diseasesmedicine.medical_specialtyPostureBiophysicsMetatarsophalangeal jointsOrthoticsWalkingFoot joints03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineGait (human)Foot JointsmedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineRange of Motion ArticularRange of motionOrthodonticsbusiness.industryFootRehabilitationWork (physics)Dynamic Stiffness030229 sport sciencesFoot Posture IndexSagittal planeBiomechanical Phenomenabody regionsKineticsmedicine.anatomical_structureJoint stiffnessLinear ModelsAnklemedicine.symptombusinessRange of motion030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAnkle Joint
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Effects of Botulinum Toxin A on Allodynia in Chronic Migraine: An Observational Open-Label Two-Year Study.

2019

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Onabotulinumtoxin A (OBT-A) is a treatment option for chronic migraine (CM), though the possible effect on central sensitization and allodynia is still unknown. <b><i>Aims:</i></b> The present study aimed to evaluate (1) the long-term outcome of allodynia in a group of CM treated with OBT-A (2) if the presence and severity of allodynia could predict the long-term effect of OBT-A (3) if the improvement of allodynia, could contribute to the clinical efficacy of OBT-A. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This was an observational, open-label, cohort study conducted on 99 CM patients treated for 1 year and 44 p…

AdultMaleMigraine Disorders030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyAllodyniaCohort Studies03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineChronic MigraineBotulinum toxinMedicineHumansBotulinum Toxins Type ADepression (differential diagnoses)Chronic migrainebusiness.industrymusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyCentral sensitizationMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseBotulinum toxinSleep deprivationNociceptionAllodyniaTreatment OutcomeNeurologyMigraineNeuromuscular AgentsHyperalgesiaAnesthesiaAnxietyFemaleNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptombusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgerymedicine.drugEuropean neurology
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A series of West European patients with severe cardiac and skeletal myopathy associated with a de novo R406W mutation in desmin.

2003

Desminopathy is a familial or sporadic cardiac and skeletal muscular dystrophy associated with mutations in desmin. We have previously characterized a de novo desmin R406W mutation in a patient of European origin with early onset muscle weakness in the lower extremities and atrioventricular conduction block requiring a permanent pacemaker. The disease relentlessly progressed resulting in severe incapacity within 5 years after onset. We have now identified three other patients with early onset rapidly progressive cardiac and skeletal myopathy caused by this same desmin R406W mutation. The mutation was present in each studied patient, but not in their parents or other unaffected family member…

AdultMaleModels Molecularmedicine.medical_specialtyPathologyNeurologyHeart diseaseAdolescentAmino Acid MotifsCardiomyopathymacromolecular substancesDiseaseBiologyProtein Structure SecondaryDesmin03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMuscular DiseasesmedicineHumansMuscular dystrophyMyopathyMuscle SkeletalConserved Sequence030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesMuscle WeaknessBase SequenceMyocardiumMuscle weaknessAnatomymedicine.diseasePedigreeEuropeHeart BlockNeurologyAmino Acid SubstitutionMutationDisease ProgressionDesminFemaleNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptomCardiomyopathies030217 neurology & neurosurgeryJournal of neurology
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Effects of neuromuscular function and split step on reaction speed in simulated tennis response

2013

The purpose of this study was to examine whether split step (small hop before step) would be more beneficial than no-split condition in simulated tennis response situation. In addition, it was studied if movement time of the response is related to separately measured force production capabilities and reflex sensitivity of the players. Nine skilled male tennis players participated in this study. Subjects stood on a force plate and reacted to a light signal and moved to appointed direction as fast as possible. With split step the participants were 13.1% faster (P <0.05) than without split step from the start to the distal end of the so called close range movement continuum (2.70 m). This was …

AdultMaleMovementPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationElectromyographyYoung AdultMuscle actionReaction TimemedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineStretch reflexta315Muscle SkeletalMathematicsmedicine.diagnostic_testElectromyographyMathematical analysisReaction speedGeneral MedicineFunction (mathematics)Biomechanical Phenomenamedicine.anatomical_structureTennisReflexH-reflexAnkleAnkle JointEuropean Journal of Sport Science
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Analyzing gastrocnemius EMG-activity and sway data from quiet and perturbed standing.

2007

In an experiment, we combined force plate measurements and surface EMG in studying quiet and perturbed standing, involving MS (Multiple sclerosis) and controls. The aim of this paper is to report the results thus obtained on the relation between filtered gastrocnemius (GA) EMG and the anterior-posterior center-of-pressure (A/P COP) coordinate. The main finding is the good correspondence between A/P COP and the filtered GA EMG in the low frequency range. The EMG envelope was calculated using a zero-lag filter. Combining this with time shifts around 250-350 ms produced a high correlation (85.5+/-8.4%) between the GA-EMG envelope and the A/P COP. This EMG-COP relation was closest when using a …

AdultMaleMovementPostureBiophysicsNeuroscience (miscellaneous)Low frequencyFeedbackNuclear magnetic resonanceCenter of pressure (terrestrial locomotion)Control theoryTask Performance and AnalysisPostural BalancePressureHumansMuscle SkeletalPostural BalancePhysicsElectromyographyTime shiftingMiddle Agedmusculoskeletal systemQUIETFemaleNeurology (clinical)Ankle JointQuiet standingMuscle ContractionJournal of electromyography and kinesiology : official journal of the International Society of Electrophysiological Kinesiology
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Changes in power curve shapes as an indicator of fatigue during dynamic contractions.

2010

The purpose of this study was to analyze exercise-induced leg fatigue during a dynamic fatiguing task by examining the shapes of power vs. time curves through the combined use of several statistical methods: B-spline smoothing, functional principal components and (supervised and unsupervised) classification. In addition, granulometric size distributions were also computed to allow for comparison of curves coming from different subjects. Twelve physically active men participated in one acute heavy-resistance exercise protocol which consisted of five sets of 10 repetition maximum leg press with 120 s of rest between sets. To obtain a smooth and accurate representation of the data, a basis of …

AdultMaleMultivariate statisticsBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsKinematicsPower lawModels BiologicalStatisticsHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineComputer SimulationMuscle SkeletalMathematicsLegbusiness.industryRehabilitationFunctional data analysisContrast (statistics)Pattern recognitionPrincipal component analysisMuscle FatiguePhysical EnduranceArtificial intelligencebusinessSmoothingCurse of dimensionalityMuscle ContractionJournal of biomechanics
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Interrelationships between Muscle Structure, Muscle Strength, and Running Economy

2003

The present study was designed to investigate possible differences in running economy (RE) among elite middle-distance runners by examining muscle structure and maximal isometric force (MVC).Ten young male runners ran at six different running speeds. During the running bouts, respiratory gases, and blood lactate were measured. Muscle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis muscle for analyzing fiber type distribution, muscle fiber area, myosin heavy chain (MHC) composition, activities of a number of metabolic enzymes (citrate synthase, lactate dehydrogenase, phosphofruktokinase, and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase), and titin isoforms.Energy expenditure (EE) increased linearly up t…

AdultMaleMuscle Fibers SkeletalMuscle ProteinsPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationAnatomyContractile proteinStatistics NonparametricRunningOxygen ConsumptionMyosinMuscle strengthRunning economyHumansConnectinElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelOrthopedics and Sports MedicineMuscle fibreEnergy MetabolismMuscle SkeletalPsychologyProtein KinasesMedicine &amp; Science in Sports &amp; Exercise
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Effect of chronic unloading and rehabilitation on human Achilles tendon properties: a velocity-encoded phase-contrast MRI study

2008

The objective of this study was to measure and monitor changes in Achilles tendon mechanical properties and force production capability of triceps surae muscles after 4 wk of limb suspension and 6 wk of physical rehabilitation. Five healthy volunteers underwent unilateral lower limb suspension followed by weekly physiotherapy. A velocity-encoded, phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (VE-PC-MRI) technique was used to estimate the tendon strain as a function of force produced during the submaximal isometric contractions. After limb suspension, triceps surae muscle strength decreased to 53.2 ± 15.6% (mean ± SD) of the presuspension level ( P &lt; 0.05). Young's modulus, estimated from the…

AdultMaleMuscle Strength DynamometerTime FactorsPhysiologymedicine.medical_treatmentPhase contrast microscopyTreatment outcomeIsometric exerciseMuscle Strength DynamometerAchilles Tendonlaw.inventionlawPhysiology (medical)Isometric ContractionmedicineHumansMuscle StrengthMuscle SkeletalPhysical Therapy ModalitiesWeightlessness SimulationAchilles tendonRehabilitationmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMagnetic resonance imagingAnatomyArticlesRecovery of Functionmusculoskeletal systemMagnetic Resonance ImagingElasticityTendonMuscular Atrophymedicine.anatomical_structureTreatment OutcomeFemaleStress MechanicalbusinessBiomedical engineering
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Treadmill versus overground and barefoot versus shod comparisons of triceps surae fascicle behaviour in human walking and running

2013

Studies of human locomotion are commonly performed on a treadmill or overground, as well as with or without footwear. These testing modalities have been suggested to influence kinematics, kinetics and/or spatio-temporal variables differently. However, it is unclear whether they influence contractile behaviour at the level of the muscle fascicles. This has major relevance because results from studies performed with different combinations of the testing modalities are often compared. The present study used ultrasound to examine fascicle behaviour of the medial gastrocnemius (MG) and soleus muscles of ten young, healthy males during walking and running on a treadmill and overground, as well as…

AdultMaleMuscle fasciclemedicine.medical_specialtyLower velocityBiophysicsWalkingRunningBarefootGait (human)medicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineTreadmillMuscle Skeletalta315Human locomotionUltrasonographybusiness.industryRehabilitationFascicleBiomechanical PhenomenaShoesKineticsmedicine.anatomical_structureExercise TestPhysical therapymedicine.symptombusinessMuscle ContractionMuscle contractionGait &amp; Posture
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Do bone geometric properties of the proximal femoral diaphysis reflect loading history, muscle properties, or body dimensions?

2019

Abstract Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate activity‐induced effects from bone geometric properties of the proximal femur in athletic vs nonathletic healthy females by statistically controlling for variation in body size, lower limb isometric, and dynamic muscle strength, and cross‐sectional area of Musculus gluteus maximus. Methods: The material consists of hip and proximal thigh magnetic resonance images of Finnish female athletes (N = 91) engaged in either high jump, triple jump, soccer, squash, powerlifting, endurance running or swimming, and a group of physically active nonathletic women (N = 20). Cross‐sectional bone geometric properties were calculated for the lesse…

AdultMaleMuscle sizeluuphysical activity030209 endocrinology & metabolismIsometric exerciseThighBody sizeYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinereisiluuGeneticsmedicineHumans0601 history and archaeologyFemurFemurMuscle SkeletalFinlandEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsOrthodonticsHip060101 anthropologyAnthropometrybusiness.industrybone geometry06 humanities and the artsMagnetic Resonance ImagingBiomechanical Phenomenamedicine.anatomical_structureThighlihasmassaLesser TrochanterFemoral diaphysisAthletesAnthropologyJumpFemaleDiaphysesAnatomybusinessfyysinen aktiivisuusurheilijat
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