Search results for "Skin Physiology"
showing 10 items of 883 documents
Food choices at lunch during the third year of life: high selection of animal and starchy foods but avoidance of vegetables
2007
Aim: The objective was to show patterns of food selection by 2- to 3-y-old children for a wide variety of foods in a self-service cafeteria and to assess the effect of individual variables (gender, BMI, mode of feeding after birth and rank in sibship). Methods: In a nursery self-service canteen, food choices at lunch made by children (n=418, 24–36 mo; 109 observations per child on average) were recorded by trained assistants who monitored portion size. An offer of eight dishes (animal products, starchy foods, combination dishes, vegetables and dairy products), excluding dessert-type foods, was proposed. Choice level was calculated for each food. Analysis of variance was used to compare choi…
Consumption of the Whole-Grain Rye Bread and Progression of Prostate Cancer
2013
Abstract Whole-grain rye intake has been suggested to have anti-cancer effect, including changes in serum hormones and reduced prostate specific antigen (PSA) in animals and humans. In this study, we investigated the effect of high intake of whole-grain rye bread on prostate cancer progression as assessed by PSA concentration in men diagnosed with prostate cancer. Fifteen men with prostate cancer who did not receive prior therapy were randomised and given a daily supplement of 250 g refined wheat bread for two weeks and, afterwards, 250 g whole-grain rye bread for six weeks. Blood samples were taken from fasting men at baseline and after two and six weeks to measure the PSA and sex hormones…
Presence of trichothecenes and co-occurrence in cereal-based food from Catalonia (Spain)
2011
The most important trichothecenes are HT-2 toxin (HT2) and T-2 toxin (T2) from type A and deoxynivalenol (DON) from type B. Thus, the aim of the current study was to assess the occurrence of these trichothecenes in the Catalonian market. 479 food samples were taken from the most susceptible to trichothecenes contamination and most commonly consumed in Catalonia commodities. DON, T2 and HT2 toxin were determined in breakfast cereals, snacks and pasta samples following extraction, clean-up, derivatization and finally analysis by GC–ECD. Moreover, these mycotoxins were determined in sliced bread, sweet corn and beer by LC–DAD. Our results showed that DON was the main trichothecene present in t…
Bread aroma
2020
: This chapter will review the different synthetic pathways of bread volatiles in conventional white bread. The influence of traditional and innovative raw materials and breadmaking processes on the formation of volatiles will then be discussed. Next, extraction and analytical methods used to identify volatiles that participate in bread aroma will be presented. Volatiles that have been identified in freshly baked white bread will be listed and the ones that are potent odorants highlighted. Finally, the techniques employed by the baking industry to enhance bread aroma will be described.
Relevance and feasibility of a personalized dietary intervention in older people with meals-on-wheels: a randomised controlled pilot trial
2020
International audience; Objective: The present study aimed at assessing the feasibility and the effectiveness of a personalized dietary intervention in a meals-on-wheels service through a randomized controlled pilot trial. Design: Sixty recipients of home-delivered meals (75% of women; 70-97 years old) were recruited and randomly assigned to a control and an experimental group and followed over a period of 4 months. In the experimental group, the nutritional status (Mini-Nutritional Assessment ? MNA questionnaire), the food intake and the food preferences were measured for each participant. Based on this screening, participants were provided with dietary guidance and follow-up. Those at ris…
Does toddlers' food intake differ according to variations in fat, salt or sugar in foods?
2009
National audience; In many developed countries, governmental policies encourage reduction of fat, salt and sugar consumption. However, such reductions are likely to impact the palatability of foods, in particular in children, whose food intake is largely influenced by food's sensory features. The extent to which young children's food intake varies according to fat, salt and sugar content is imperfectly known. This study aimed to evaluate whether toddler's food intake varied from one meal to the other (1) during lunches where salt or fat contents were modified in some foods and (2) during snacks where sugar or fat contents were modified. Sixty-four children (24–36 months old) participated in…
The first COVID-19 lockdown reveals an ambivalent relation of French parents with food pleasure: the struggle to find a balance
2021
International audience; In France, a first COVID-19 lockdown took place from March-May 2020. Using an online survey including three open-ended questions, this study explored parents' experiences regarding changes in their family's eating behaviors during this lockdown. French parents (n = 498, 71% mothers) of young children were invited to describe which food-related changes they (1) perceived as positive during the lockdown, (2) perceived as negative, and (3) would like to maintain after the lockdown. A thematic analysis revealed that parents appreciated the choice of more local, fresh and high-quality foods, the time to prepare foods (homemade dishes, new recipes) and cooking and eating w…
Accentuating the Interrelation between Consumer Intention and Healthy Packaged Food Selection during COVID-19: A Case Study of Pakistan
2021
This study contemplates the factors that influence consumer intention, before and during the eruption of COVID-19, for the selection of healthy packaged food in Pakistan. The extant studies have identified two distinct attitudes of consumers about food label information: one is its usefulness and the second elucidates the avoidance. Hence forth, the current study contributes to the extant literature while signifying both reasons which motivate consumers to read food labels and reasons which discourage consumers from consult food labels at the point of purchase. Moreover, the impact of subjective norms and self-efficacy for healthy packaged food intentions has also been examined for both bef…
Estimation of the committed radiation dose resulting from gamma radionuclides ingested with food
2014
The objective of the study was to estimate the value of the radiation dose absorbed in consequence of consumption of popular food products for individual age groups. Potatoes, corn and sugar beet were selected for the study. Edible parts of these plants were collected in experimental fields of the KWS Lochow Polska Sp. z o.o. seeding company in Kondratowice (Poland). On the basis of the obtained study results, it can be stated that in consequence of consumption of the selected food products, people may receive increased doses from both natural and artificial radioactive isotopes. The doses calculated for several age groups do not show any health hazards in consequence of consumption of the …
Differential effects of CB1 neutral antagonists and inverse agonists on gastrointestinal motility in mice
2010
Background Cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptors are involved in the regulation of gastrointestinal (GI) motility and secretion. Our aim was to characterize the roles of the CB1 receptor on GI motility and secretion in vitro and in vivo by using different classes of CB1 receptor antagonists. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the localization of CB1 receptor in the mouse ileum and colon. Organ bath experiments on mouse ileum and in vivo motility testing comprising upper GI transit, colonic expulsion, and whole gut transit were performed to characterize the effects of the inverse agonist/antagonist AM251 and the neutral antagonist AM4113. As a marker of secretory function we mea…