Search results for "Skin Physiology"
showing 10 items of 883 documents
Development of a questionnaire to measure attraction toward sweet, salty, and fatty foods in children
2014
Childhood obesity may be responsible for a major alteration of life quality in children and in future adults. The causes of obesity are multiple and obesity results from a chronic imbalance between food intake and energy expenditure. The challenge is to understand the cause of this imbalance. In this context, this study aimed at evaluating the contribution of the attraction toward salty, sweet and fatty foods. Thus, the first aim of this study was to establish a tool to assess children’s attraction toward sweet, salty and fatty foods that could be used later in large-scale cohorts. The second objective was to compare this questionnaire to sensory tests measuring the overall liking for sweet…
Multisensory integration as a strategy to compensate for sodium and fat reduction in food
2012
Multisensory integration as a strategy to compensate for sodium and fat reduction in food. Forum Jeunes chercheurs
From sustainability to sustainable development: the role of food banks in food security in Uganda : a case study of the hunger project food bank - Mb…
2014
Master thesis in development management - University of Agder 2014 The purpose of this study is to identify the role the food bank plays for food security, sustainable livelihoods and building resilience to climate change among smallholder farmers in Uganda. The aim is to investigate how the food bank in Uganda operates in relation to food security and smallholder farmers. Much of the studies on food banks reveal that food banks are merely institutions that offer emergency food supplies to the hungry and are not agencies aiming at food security. These studies have, however, been based on the context of developed countries and no study has been conducted to establish the role of food banks i…
Pharmacological treatment of burning mouth syndrome : a review and update
2007
Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is defined as a burning sensation in the tongue or in any other region of the oral mucosa, in the absence of specific oral lesions. The present study reviews the pharmacological treatments used in the last 10 years to reduce the symptoms of BMS, and assesses the efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions destined to alleviate the symptoms of BMS. To this effect, searches were made in the following databases: Micromedex®, Cochrane Database® and PubMed®, crossing the following key words: drug, treatment, clinical trial, pain management, and burning mouth syndrome. The searches were limited to articles published in the last 10 years in English or Spanish,…
Mechanisms involved in the control of feeding behavior in relation to food flavor
2016
Revue; IntroductionIntake is one of the most essential behaviors, since human beings, like any living organism, require adequate nutrients for their survival. Ingestive behavior is controlled to maintain energy balance by peripheral and central mechanisms. When physiological needs are not being met, they will lead to motivation. Thus, being hungry will motivate us to find food, and the motivation will cease when needs are met. Ingestive behavior is thus initially due to a need related to internal signals (Fig. 10.1), in this case, hunger (physiological need) and appetite (urge to eat a food from which we expect pleasure and satisfaction). Sensory (visual, olfactory and, to a lesser extent, …
Power of Cognition: How Dysfunctional Cognitions and Schemas Influence Eating Behavior in Daily Life Among Individuals With Eating Disorders
2018
Eating disorders (EDs) are characterized by marked cognitive distortions and maladaptive schemas. Cognitive models of EDs highlight the direct impact of cognitive dysfunctions on eating-related disturbances, insofar as specific cognitive contents such as thoughts about diet rules and food or loss of control may trigger disturbed eating behavior. Moreover, early maladaptive schemas that reflect perfectionist standards and relate to achievement and performance seem to be associated with disturbed eating, e.g., via their impact on situation-specific appraisals. However, so far, no study has investigated these assumptions. Hence, the present study sought to demonstrate whether and how cognitive…
Genetische Hämochromatose und das HFE-Gen: von der Molekulargenetik zur klinischen Diagnostik
2000
More than 90% of patients with genetic hemochromatosis carry a characteristic mutation in the HFE-gene (C282Y). HFE modulates the iron uptake by the transferrin receptor. Duodenal crypt cells of HFE-knockout mice show low intracellular iron concentrations which lead to an upregulation of the divalent metal transporter and enhanced iron uptake by duodenal enterocytes. Heterozygosity for the C282Y mutation appears to alter the course of other liver diseases like porphyria cutanea tarda and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
The Role of Perceived Social Support as a Contributor to the Successful Transition from Primary to Lower Secondary School
2019
Following approximately 1,800 Finnish children, this longitudinal study examined the associations between students’ perceived social support (teacher-student relationships, family support, and peer support), behavioral engagement, cynicism towards school, and academic achievement during the transition from primary to lower secondary school. After controlling for parental educational level and cynicism before the school transition, the results showed that the more students experienced pre-transition peer support, the less they reported post-transition cynicism. Furthermore, pre-transition peer support contributed to students’ increased academic achievement and behavioral engagement after the…
Description of research methods and results tables from Food limitation constrains host immune responses to nematode infections
2016
Trade-offs in the allocation of finite-energy resources among immunological defences and other physiological processes are believed to influence infection risk and disease severity in food-limited wildlife populations. However, this prediction has received little experimental investigation. Here we test the hypothesis that food limitation impairs the ability of wild field voles (Microtus agrestis) to mount an immune response against parasite infections. We conducted a replicated experiment on vole populations maintained in large outdoor enclosures during boreal winter, using food supplementation and anthelmintic treatment of intestinal nematodes. Innate immune responses against intestinal p…
Towards Experiencing Eating as a Form of Play
2018
There is an increasing trend in interaction design to engage with food. We note that most prior work targets instrumental benefits (for example see food tracking apps to manage nutritional intake). In contrast, in this article, we highlight the potential of technology to support eating as a form of play. We reflect on our own work to articulate two design strategies for game designers on how they can facilitate playful eating experiences using novel technologies. Ultimately, with our work, we aim to facilitate a more playful engagement around the way we eat.