Search results for "Skin conductance"

Mentalizing eye contact with a face on a video : Gaze direction does not influence autonomic arousal

2018

Recent research has revealed enhanced autonomic and subjective responses to eye contact only when perceiving another live person. However, these enhanced responses to eye contact are abolished if the viewer believes that the other person is not able to look back at the viewer. We purported to investigate whether this "genuine" eye contact effect can be reproduced with pre-recorded videos of stimulus persons. Autonomic responses, gaze behavior, and subjective self-assessments were measured while participants viewed pre-recorded video persons with direct or averted gaze, imagined that the video person was real, and mentalized that the person could see them or not. Pre-recorded videos did not …

Electrodermal and phasic heart rate responses in the Guilty Actions Test: comparing guilty examinees to informed and uninformed innocents.

2007

The present mock-crime study concentrated on the validity of the Guilty Actions Test (GAT) and the role of the orienting response (OR) for differential autonomic responding. N=105 female subjects were assigned to one of three groups: a guilty group, members of which committed a mock-theft; an innocent-aware group, members of which witnessed the theft; and an innocent-unaware group. A GAT consisting of ten question sets was administered while measuring electrodermal and heart rate (HR) responses. For informed participants (guilty and innocent-aware), relevant items were accompanied by larger skin conductance responses and heart rate decelerations whereas irrelevant items elicited HR accelera…

Skin conductance measurement for the assessment of analgosedation adequacy in infants treated with mechanical ventilation: A multicenter pilot study

2020

Background Patients treated in neonatal/pediatric intensive care units (N/PICUs) are frequently exposed to pain. To assess its severity, several behavioral and behavioral-physiological scales are used, but their usefulness is limited. It is therefore justified to search for additional methods to assess the adequacy of analgesia and sedation in these patients. Objectives To evaluate the usefulness of skin conductance (SC) measurement in the assessment of analgosedation quality in infants requiring mechanical ventilation treated in N/PICUs. Material and methods Thirty infants aged 6-208 days treated in 6 N/PICUs, mechanically ventilated and receiving analgosedation, were included for the stud…

An empirical test of Sokolov's entropy model of the orienting response.

1974

Several hypotheses, most of them deduced from Sokolov's entropy model of the Orienting Response (OR), were tested. The Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) served as the indicator of the OR. Printed language, analyzed with regard to the information content in bits, was used as stimulus material. Forty-eight female students served as subjects. The results indicate: (1) that the uncertainty of a situation does not determine the strength of the OR, (2) that the strength of the OR depends on the information carried by an event, and (3) that the processing of this information, as indicated by the OR, may be delayed by one or more events in a serial application. For tonic level over a series of events no…

How neurophysiological measures can be used to enhance the evaluation of remote tower solutions

2019

New solutions in operational environments are often, among objective measurements, evaluated by using subjective assessment and judgment from experts. Anyhow, it has been demonstrated that subjective measures suffer from poor resolution due to a high intra and inter-operator variability. Also, performance measures, if available, could provide just partial information, since an operator could achieve the same performance but experiencing a different workload. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate: (i) the higher resolution of neurophysiological measures in comparison to subjective ones; and (ii) how the simultaneous employment of neurophysiological measures and behavioral ones could allow a…

2019

Abstract This article contains intensity and aversiveness ratings of electrical stimuli and data on electrodermal activity (skin conductance level and skin conductance response) during an implicit conditioning procedure. Further, answers from a questionnaire on contingency awareness are provided. The experiment consisted of three phases. In the acquisition, two types of visual stimuli (CS+ and CS-) were coupled to weakly and moderately painful electrical stimuli presented to the participants’ (N = 48) dominant hand. In the test phase, after both CS+ and CS- only the weakly painful electrical stimuli were presented. In the contingency test phase, no more electrical stimuli were presented and…

Differences Between Skin Resistance and Skin Conductance Responses with Respect to Change Over Trials: A Mathematical Explanation

1986

Role of expectancy in physiological responses to sound recognition of musical dissonance and timbral change

2021

Recently, it has been suggested that tonal violations produce greater skin conductance response (SCR) than timbral violations in music listening. However, it is unknown how people focus their attention during musical excerpts. The aim of this study is to replicate previous research considering two psychophysiological mechanisms: prediction error and brain stem reflex. Twenty-seven nonmusicians were instructed to listen six melodies and detect three altered conditions in one note: a dissonance (note out-of-key), a timbral change, and dissonance which changes in timbre and tone ( timdis). Amplitudes of SCR, heart rate (HR), and respiration rate (RSPR) were analyzed. In addition, the frequenc…

Anticipatory autonomic response to a public speaking task in women

2002

The aim of this research was to study anticipatory autonomic responses their relationship to trait anxiety. Twenty-three women prepared an evaluated speech (S-condition) and 22 women an evaluated essay (W-condition). Heart rate (HR), finger pulse volume (FPV) and skin conductance were recorded before, during and after preparation of the task and during task performance; state-anxiety was evaluated before and after the task. In the total sample, state-anxiety was higher in the S- than in W-condition and this anxiety increase was accompanied by FPV reductions. However, when the sample was split according to trait anxiety scores, HR during preparation and increases of state-anxiety were greate…

Management of dental anxiety via distraction technique

2021

Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of a stress ball as a distraction technique on stress levels of patients undergoing a dental procedure. Material and methods A randomized, split-mouth design was conducted using 20 adult subjects requiring scaling and root planing (Sc/RP) in all four quadrants. Each side of the mouth (maxillary/mandibular) received Sc/RP with local anesthetic with or without the use of a stress-ball distraction over two separate sessions. Subjects completed two pre-procedural questionnaires (Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI; Modified Dental Anxiety Scale, MDAS) before and after each treatment session. A Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) …