Search results for "Skull"
showing 10 items of 220 documents
Homicide with post mortem dismemberment of the victim with previous amputation of right lower limb: Case report and review of the literature
2018
The dismemberment of a corpse is comparatively rare in forensic medicine and usually performed with different types of sharp tools. The victim is always the victim of a homicide. Dismemberment usually occurs where the killing took place without prior planning by the perpetrator. We report a case of homicide with post mortem mutilation of the victim’s body with previous amputation of right lower limb in which the perpetrator was not identified. At autopsy, several fractures were detected on the cranial vault, and the cause of death was due to skull and brain injuries from multiple blunt force traumas.
Q289P mutation in the FGFR2 gene: first report in a patient with type 1 Pfeiffer syndrome.
2008
When normal development and growth of the calvarial sutures is disrupted, craniosynostosis (premature calvarial suture fusion) may result. Classical craniosynostosis syndromes are autosomal dominant traits and include Apert, Pfeiffer, Crouzon, Jackson-Weiss, and Saethre-Chotzen syndromes. In these conditions, there is premature fusion of skull bones leading to an abnormal head shape, ocular hypertelorism with proptosis, and midface hypoplasia. It is known that mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptors 1, 2, and 3 cause craniosynostosis. We report on a child with a clinically diagnosed Pfeiffer syndrome that shows the missense point mutation Q289P in exon 8 of the FGFR2 gene. This …
On the phylogeny and zoogeography of the leptarctines (Carnivora, Mammalia)
1982
A restudy of the skull and mandible ofLeptarctus neimenguensis Zhai from the Middle Miocene of China and the preparation of its auditory region led to the recognition of new features. The most important among them is the presence of a small suprameatal fossa partly hidden in the bony mastoid process corresponding to the structure described inPlesiogale andParagale (Schmidt-Kittler 1981) and representing the most primitive type of the mustelid middle ear.
Autogenous calvarium bone grafting as a treatment for severe bone resorption in the upper maxilla : a case report
2008
Atrophic maxilla rehabilitation has been the subject of several studies for decades; despite this, there are still many different therapeutic choices for the best way to treat maxillary resorption in order to enable implant placement and integration. These possibilities include the optimal use of remaining bone structures, such as the pterygoid processes or zygomatic arch, which involves using zygomaticus and pterygoid implants in combination with standard implants placed in the residual bone; alternatively, regenerative techniques, alveolar bone expansion/distraction or bone grafting techniques may be used. Severe maxillary atrophy has a multifactorial aetiology; the most important factors…
Accidental displacement and migration of endosseous implants into adjacent craniofacial structures: A review and update
2011
Objectives: Accidental displacement of endosseous implants into the maxillary sinus is an unusual but potential complication in implantology procedures due to the special features of the posterior aspect of the maxillary bone; there is also a possibility of migration throughout the upper paranasal sinuses and adjacent structures. The aim of this paper is to review the published literature about accidental displacement and migration of dental implants into the maxillary sinus and other adjacent structures. Study Design: A review has been done based on a search in the main on-line medical databases looking for papers about migration of dental implants published in major oral surgery, periodon…
Cranial bone histology of
2016
In this study, 21 skull bones of Metoposaurus krasiejowensis from the Late Triassic of Poland were investigated histologically. Dermal bones show a diploë structure, with an ornamented external surface. The ridges consist of mostly well vascularized parallel-fibered bone; the valleys are built of an avascular layer of lamellar bone. The thick middle region consists of cancellous bone, with varying porosity. The thin and less vascularized internal cortex consists of parallel-fibered bone. The numerous Sharpey’s fibers and ISF are present in all bones. The cyclicity of growth is manifested as an alternation of thick, avascular annuli and high vascularized zones as well as a sequence of restin…
Grist for Riedl's mill: A network model perspective on the integration and modularity of the human skull
2013
This research project was supported by Grant BFU2008‐00643 to D.R.G. from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion as well as project CGL2012‐37279 to M.B., from the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad.
Effects of maxillary protraction determined by laser metrology
1990
In this work we studied some of the main effects of the maxillary protraction orthopedic device. The initial dento-craniofacial reactions induced by maxillary protraction similar to that commonly employed in clinical practice are reported. The fringe counting holographic interferometry technique is used to measure displacements. The experiments were performed on a dried human skull; traction application points were situated over the permanent lateral incisors or over the first permanent molars. The results fundamentally reveal an anterior rotation of the dentomaxillary complex, more intense when traction is applied to the lateral incisors, as shown by a more marked extrusion of the molars i…
Independence between developmental stability and canalization in the skull of the house mouse.
2000
The relationship between the two components of developmental homeostasis, that is canalization and developmental stability (DS), is currently debated. To appraise this relationship, the levels and morphological patterns of interindividual variation and fluctuating asymmetry were assessed using a geometric morphometric approach applied to the skulls of laboratory samples of the house mouse. These three samples correspond to two random-bred strains of the two European subspecies of the house mouse and their F1 hybrids. The inter- and intraindividual variation levels were found to be smaller in the hybrid group compared to the parental ones, suggesting a common heterotic effect on skull canali…
Functional adaptations in the craniofacial morphology of Malagasy primates: shape variations associated with gummivory in the family Cheirogaleidae.
2005
Summary The infraorder Lemuriformes is characterized by a high level of homoplasy that clouds the evolutionary signal. The analysis of the morphological disparity of the Malagasy primates' crania and mandibles demonstrates the high determinism of functional specializations and developmental constraints, regardless of the phylogeny. In the present work, the weight of functional constraints linked to diet — a putative source of homoplasy — is analyzed first at the level of the infraorder Lemuriformes as a whole, and secondly at the level of a single family, the Cheirogaleidae, chosen because it contains taxa with two different diets (omnivory and gummivory). Malagasy primates are characterize…