Search results for "Skull"
showing 10 items of 220 documents
Comparative statistical studies on the anthropology of the Iron Age (last millennium B.C.)
1975
Abstract Extending previous statistical studies on the anthropology of the Neolithic and Bronze Ages, anthropological material from the Iron Age (1000-0) was compiled and condensed into 71 series (population samples). Penrose distances were calculated on the basis of 10 skull measurements. The dendrogram consisting of 49 larger series shows a division into a west- and an east-cluster. The west-cluster can be broken down into a northern, entirely European section, and into a southern subcluster, stretching from Sardinia to Pakistan. The east-cluster differs from the west-cluster above all in the larger width measurements, as in the case with the north-east and south-west complexes in the Neo…
Skull mania. Le dinamiche di un motivo iconografico tra arte, moda e design
2013
Il motivo iconografico del teschio è uno dei più antichi e ricorrenti nella tradizione artistica. Nella contemporaneità questa immagine, oltrepassando i confini dell’arte, prolifera nella sfera della moda e del design. Questa migrazione ha il punto di svolta in For the Love of God (2007), il teschio intarsiato di diamanti, opera di Damien Hirst, a cui si è ispirato lo stilista Alexander McQueen per le sue creazioni di moda e accessori. Diffondendosi nella cultura di massa l’immagine del teschio acquista una vita autonoma, obliando la sua derivazione artistica, e caricandosi di nuove plurime valenze simboliche che rendono evidenti le contaminazioni tra arte, moda e design proprie della cultu…
3D TC role in cranic trauma autopsies. A case report
2011
The case aims to show radiological essays could be useful to forensic investigations even if they can not substitute autopsy
Ventastega curonica and the origin of tetrapod morphology.
2008
The gap in our understanding of the evolutionary transition from fish to tetrapod is beginning to close thanks to the discovery of new intermediate forms such as Tiktaalik roseae. Here we narrow it further by presenting the skull, exceptionally preserved braincase, shoulder girdle and partial pelvis of Ventastega curonica from the Late Devonian of Latvia, a transitional intermediate form between the 'elpistostegids' Panderichthys and Tiktaalik and the Devonian tetrapods (limbed vertebrates) Acanthostega and Ichthyostega. Ventastega is the most primitive Devonian tetrapod represented by extensive remains, and casts light on a part of the phylogeny otherwise only represented by fragmentary ta…
New method of bone reconstruction designed for skull base surgery
2008
The direct endonasal or transoral transclival approaches to the skull base permit effective, minimally invasive surgery along the clivus. Developing long-term, effective techniques to prevent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks and their consequences (infection and delayed healing) remains a major challenge. In this study we describe a method of bone reconstruction newly developed by us, which uses a custom designed silicone plug for bone replacement after minimally invasive skull base surgery with a low incidence of postoperative CSF leaks. German Landrace pigs were used to test the efficiency of the new technique. Twelve craniotomies were performed in six pigs using a subtemporal approach and…
Navigation accuracy after automatic- and hybrid-surface registration in sinus and skull base surgery.
2016
Objective Computer-aided-surgery in ENT surgery is mainly used for sinus surgery but navigation accuracy still reaches its limits for skull base procedures. Knowledge of navigation accuracy in distinct anatomical regions is therefore mandatory. This study examined whether navigation accuracy can be improved in specific anatomical localizations by using hybrid registration technique. Study design Experimental phantom study. Setting Operating room. Subjects and methods The gold standard of screw registration was compared with automatic LED-mask-registration alone, and in combination with additional surface matching. 3D-printer-based skull models with individual fabricated silicone skin were u…
Contribution of Augmented Reality to Minimally Invasive Computer-Assisted Cranial Base Surgery.
2019
Cranial base procedures involve manipulation of small, delicate and complex structures in the fields of otology, rhinology, neurosurgery and maxillofacial surgery. Critical nerves and blood vessels are in close proximity of these structures. Augmented reality is an emerging technology that can revolutionize the cranial base procedures by providing supplementary anatomical and navigational information unified on a single display. However, the awareness and acceptance of possibilities of augmented reality systems in cranial base domain is fairly low. This article aims at evaluating the usefulness of augmented reality systems in cranial base surgeries and highlights the challenges that current…
Central dislocation of the jaw-joint into the middle cranial fossa
1981
Summary The authors' case of central dislocation of the jaw-joint is used to discuss the incidence, mechanism of causation and the problems of clinical diagnosis, and the possible lines of treatment are listed. The management of the central dislocation in our case consisted of surgical reduction of the articular process by means of traction with hooked retractors over a fulcrum in the molar region.
Surgical Highways to the Craniovertebral Junction: Is It Time for a Reappraisal?
2019
Background: The craniovertebral junction (CVJ) can be affected by a variety of congenital or acquired anomalies. Because of its complexity, a careful evaluation of bones and ligamentous structures in all three planes is required. This can be achieved by studying the CVJ in terms of several anatomical and radiological lines that have been visualized to facilitate understanding of its surgical anatomy. In this study we aimed to review the state-of-the art craniometric CVJ lines and approaches. Methods: In December 2016 a PubMed search was performed, including the search terms ‘CVJ surgical approach/line’, ‘cervical approach’, ‘craniometric measurement’, ‘CVJ anatomy’ and ‘ventral/dorsal/far-l…
Cerebral Oximetry Measurements Results Depending on a Preclinical Skull Phantom Model
2021
Abstract It is more common to perform non-invasive examination during general anaesthesia to ensure effective perioperative patient care. To achieve these results, researchers and clinicians are seeking out different technologies and developing new equipment. One such apparatus is a cerebral oximeter, which is used during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass for neuroprotection management for reducing risk of postoperative neurological injury (cerebral stroke, neurocognitive dysfunction, and cerebral haemorrhage). A cerebral oximeter performs non-invasive transcutaneous measurements using near infrared radiation to assess the oxygenation of tissues. The objective of the study was to …