Search results for "Skull"
showing 10 items of 220 documents
Optic nerve decompression in trauma and tumor patients
1999
Optic nerve decompression is a procedure that is now receiving increasing clinical attention. However, there are currently no standardized treatment protocols in the therapy of traumatic or pressure insults to the nerve. The present retrospective study was designed to report our experience with microscopic endonasal transethmoid-sphenoid optic nerve decompression in 24 unilateral trauma cases and 11 unilateral skull base tumor patients. In general preoperative visual acuities in the trauma patients were worse than in the tumor patients. Following surgery, 9 of 11 tumor patients (82%) had at least some improvement of their vision, including 5 complete recoveries. In the group with traumatic …
A comparative study of the pharyngeal airway space, measured with cone beam computed tomography, between patients with different craniofacial morphol…
2014
Abstract Purpose The present study aims to determine any existing association between airway dimensions, measured with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), and the different patient craniofacial morphologies. Material and methods Sixty CBCT (Dental Picasso Master 3D) images, from patients treated at the Orthodontics Master at Valencia University were selected. The program InVivoDental 5.1 was used to visualize sections, analyze three-dimensional images, and perform airway measurements in the three planes of the space. Intra- and interobserver error methods were recorded. After that, measurements at three different levels of the airway (upper, medium, lower) were taken, in both the anteropo…
Malignant paraganglioma caused by a novel germline mutation of the succinate dehydrogenase D-gene--a case report.
2008
Background Paragangliomas of the head and neck are rare, mostly benign tumors. Approximately 10% to 15% of paragangliomas are caused by mutations in the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) genes B, C, or D. These are often multifocal as part of paraganglioma syndromes and hormone secreting, and malignant particularly associated with mutations in SDHB. Methods and Results A 29-year-old man was seen with recurrent paraganglioma. The patient's father reportedly suffered from bilateral carotid body tumors. Imaging studies showed metastases in both lungs and the liver. There was no increased hormone production by the tumor. Sequence analysis of the SDH genes revealed a novel C to T nonsense mutation i…
Maxillofacial fracture epidemiology and treatment plans in the Northeast of Iran: A retrospective study
2017
Background: The epidemiology of facial injuries varies based on lifestyle, cultural background and socioeconomic status in different countries and geographic zones. This study evaluated the epidemiology of maxillofacial fractures and treatment plans in hospitalized patients in Northeast of Iran (2015-2016). Material and Methods: In this retrospective study, the medical records of 502 hospitalized patients were evaluated in the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery in Kamyab Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. The type and cause of fractures and treatment plans were recorded in a checklist. Data were analyzed with Mann–Whitney test, chi-squared test and Fisher’s exact test, using SPSS 21. Results: The …
Thanatophoric dysplasia in monozygotic twins discordant for cloverleaf skull: Prenatal diagnosis, clinical and pathological findings
1992
We present male monozygotic twins with thanatophoric dysplasia (TD) type I concordant for long bone abnormalities and discordant for cloverleaf skull. The twins were the product of the second pregnancy of unrelated parents, with advanced paternal age. Prenatal diagnosis and postmortem examination showed severe rhizomelic shortness of limbs, bowing of the long bones with "telephone-receiver" femora in both twins, and cloverleaf skull and hydrocephalus in one of them. It is now accepted that most of cases of TD, such as in the present report, represent an autosomal dominant mutation with a high new mutations rate.
Otoneurological management of petrous apex cholesterol granuloma
2009
Objective: The aim of the study is to review the management of petrous apex cholesterol granuloma. The surgical approaches for drainage or total removal and the wait and see policy were analyzed, and outcomes were evaluated. Methods: Retrospective charts of 27 patients managed for petrous apex cholesterol granuloma with a minimum follow-up of 12 months were analyzed in a quartenary skull base center. Presenting symptoms and signs were recorded, and radiologic imaging was evaluated. Management options included wait and see policy and surgery by several approaches. Results: The mean age of patients affected by the lesion was 38.8 years. The mean follow-up was 56.7 months. Patients complained …
The craniocervical junction following successful haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for mucopolysaccharidosis type I H (Hurler syndrome)
2010
Mucopolysaccharidosis I Hurler (MPS IH) is a progressive multisystemic disorder caused by alpha-L-iduronidase deficiency. First choice of treatment in MPS IH children is haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The effect of HSCT has been shown to have limited influence on skeletal manifestations by poor penetration of musculoskeletal tissues by the enzyme derived from donor leucocytes. Aim of this study was to investigate the effect of HSCT on the craniocervical junction (CCJ) in Hurler patients. We analysed retrospectively sequential magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of 30 patients with Hurler disease treated by HSCT since 1982 at the Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, UK,…
Post-traumatic lethal carotid-cavernous fistula.
2006
The authors report about an unexpected death by traumatic lesion of the internal carotid artery in a 30-year-old man who had fallen two metres. The man suffered a fracture of the left maxillary sinus and a fracture of the right orbit with bilateral haemorrhage of the maxillary sinus. Surgical treatment was performed with favorable outcome. Clinically, there were no neurological symptoms but about 60 days after his accident, the man died from uncontrolled epistaxis. He was submitted to the autopsy that show a linear fracture in the left side of the turcic sella and lesion of the left internal carotid artery with carotid-cavernous fistula.
Evaluation of total alloplastic temporo-mandibular joint replacement with two different types of prostheses : a three-year prospective study
2015
Background Temporo-Mandibular Joint (TMJ) replacement has been used clinically for years. The objective of this study was to evaluate outcomes achieved in patients with two different categories of TMJ prostheses. Material and Methods All patients who had a TMJ replacement (TMJR) implanted during the study period from 2006 through 2012 were included in this 3-year prospective study. All procedures were performed using the Biomet Microfixation TMJ Replacement System, and all involved replacing both the skull base component (glenoid fossa) and the mandibular condyle. Results Fifty-seven patients (38 females and 19 males), involving 75 TMJs with severe disease requiring reconstruction (39 unila…
The supracondylar approach to the jugular tubercle and hypoglossal canal.
1998
BACKGROUND Circumscribed lesions of the hypoglossal canal and of the jugular tubercle still remain a surgical challenge. So far, transpetrosal, transcondylar suboccipital, and extreme lateral approaches have been used to access this region. These surgical procedures bear a high risk for neurological deficits. Therefore, we introduce a new minimally invasive extradural approach to the hypoglossal canal that also allows access to the lateral aspects of the jugular tubercle. METHODS After a paramedian retromastoid skin incision, a basal suboccipital craniectomy lateral to the foramen magnum toward the jugular tubercle is performed. With this approach the occipital condyle and the lateral osseo…