Search results for "Sleep"
showing 10 items of 982 documents
Validity of the Pupillographic Sleepiness Test for the diagnosis of daytime sleepiness in children and adolescents and its relationship to sleepiness…
2021
Objectives: To report validation data for the Pupillographic Sleepiness Test (PST) in children and adolescents, evaluate its applicability for diagnosing excessive daytime sleepiness and its relationship to sleepiness-associated outcomes. Methods: A cross-sectional diagnostic test accuracy study was performed. Patients underwent three PST at 9 a.m. (T1), 11 a.m. (T2) and 1 p.m. (T3) plus the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) on a single day. Additionally, two neurocognitive tests were performed and three questionnaires about quality of life, sleep-related self-efficacy and behavioural aspects completed. Gender-stratified z-values of the natural logarithm of the Pupillary Unrest Index (z-ln…
Surgical planning after sleep versus awake techniques in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
2013
Objective/Hypothesis This study examined correlations between surgical recommendations based on either drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) or common awake examination methods in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Study Design Prospective, blinded, clinical trial at a university hospital. Methods An otorhinolaryngologist designed surgical plans for patients with OSAS after clinical examination, lateral cephalometry, the Muller maneuver, and Friedman staging. A second otorhinolaryngologist blinded to the previous plans made surgical recommendations after DISE. A third person tested agreement between the two sets of plans using Cohen's kappa statistic and the chi-squared te…
Efficacy of Buffered Hypertonic Saline Nasal Irrigation for Nasal Symptoms in Children with Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
2017
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Saline nasal irrigation is labelled as an add-on treatment in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). The primary aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of 21-day use of buffered hypertonic saline (BHS) versus normal saline solution (NSS) on reducing nasal symptoms in children with seasonal AR (SAR). Comparing their efficacy on nasal cytology counts (NCC), quality of life, and sleep quality was the secondary aim. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In this 21-day,<b> </b>open-label, randomized controlled study, 36 SAR children (aged 6-13 years) with a Total 5 Symptom Score (T5SS) ≥5 received twice-daily BHS or NSS…
Early and mid-term effects of obstructive apneas in myocardial injury and inflammation.
2011
Abstract Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cardiovascular disorders, but the different comorbidities in OSA patients make it difficult to know their specific effects on the development of cardiovascular injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether recurrent obstructive apneas could lead to myocardial injury. Methods Thirty-six male Sprague–Dawley rats (300–350 g) were either acutely (3 h) or sustainably (5 h/day, for 10 days) subjected to obstructive apneas with a pattern of 15 s each, 60 apneas/h. Corresponding control groups were formed for the acute and sustained models. To assess the induction of systemic inflammation, IL1-β was measured in p…
Rapid maxillary expansion and obstructive sleep apnea: a review and meta-analysis
2016
Background: OSAS during childhood leads to significant physical and neuropsychomotor impairment. Thus, it needs to be recognized and treated early in order to avoid or attenuate the chronic problems associated with OSAS, which are deleterious to a child’s development. Adenotonsillectomy and, in select cases, continuous positive airwaypressure (CPAP) have been the preferred treatments for OSAS in children, and yet they are ineffective at fully ameliorating the disease. Minimally invasive treatments have recently been proposed, comprising intra-oral and extra-oral devices as well as speech therapy. Objetive: to conduct a meta-analysis on studies from around the world that used rapid maxillary…
Clustering of energy balance-related behaviors and parental education in European children: the ENERGY-project
2013
Published version of an article in the journal: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-10-5 Open access Background: Recent research and literature reviews show that, among schoolchildren, some specific energy balance-related behaviors (EBRBs) are relevant for overweight and obesity prevention. It is also well known that the prevalence of overweight and obesity is considerably higher among schoolchildren from lower socio-economic backgrounds. This study examines whether sugared drinks intake, physical activity, screen time and usual sleep duration cluster in reliable and meaningful ways am…
Parental education associations with children's body composition: Mediation effects of energy balance-related behaviors within the ENERGY-project
2013
AbstractBackgroundIt is well known that the prevalence of overweight and obesity is considerably higher among youth from lower socio-economic families, but there is little information about the role of some energy balance-related behaviors in the association between socio-economic status and childhood overweight and obesity. The objective of this paper was to assess the possible mediation role of energy balance-related behaviors in the association between parental education and children’s body composition.MethodsData were obtained from the cross sectional study of the “EuropeaN Energy balance Research to prevent excessive weight Gain among Youth” (ENERGY) project. 2121 boys and 2516 girls a…
Influence of age and gender on reference values for common pediatric sleep questionnaires: Results from a community-based study.
2017
Abstract Objectives Sleep problems are often assessed using questionnaires, but it is unclear whether the responses given are influenced by age and gender. We addressed this question in several widely used pediatric sleep questionnaires and provide age-dependent percentile curves. Methods Data of a community-based study in schoolchildren were reanalyzed (N = 163, 50% males, age 6–17 years). Children and their parents completed the Sleep-Related Breathing Disorder Scale (SRBDS) of the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire, the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC), the Sleep Self Report (SSR) of the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire in a long and short version, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale…
Supplementation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, magnesium and zinc in children seeking medical advice for attention-deficit/hyperactivity problems - …
2010
Abstract Background Polyunsaturated fatty acids are essential nutrients for humans. They are structural and functional components of cell membranes and pre-stages of the hormonally and immunologically active eicosanoids. Recent discoveries have shown that the long-chained omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) also play an important role in the central nervous system. They are essential for normal brain functioning including attention and other neuropsychological skills. Materials and methods In our large observational study we monitored 810 children from 5 to 12 years of age referred for medical help and recommended for consuming polyunsaturated fatt…
Changes in quality of life in individuals with narcolepsy type 1 after the H1N1-influenza epidemic and vaccination campaign in Norway: a two-year pro…
2018
Abstract Objective Cross-sectional studies show a lower health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in individuals with narcolepsy. We aimed to describe changes in HRQoL after two years of multidisciplinary follow-up in a cohort of mainly post-H1N1 vaccination narcolepsy type-1 (NT1) patients in Norway. Methods Prospective-cohort study. Narcolepsy diagnosis was based on the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (third edition). Psychiatric comorbidity was assessed using the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA). HRQoL was evaluated with the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL™ Generic Core Scales 4.0) at baseline and follow-up. Mean follow-up time was 20.7 (2…