Search results for "Smok"

Dejar de fumar en el trastorno mental grave: desafíos y oportunidades en tiempos de la COVID-1.

2020

Impact of the anatomical location, alcoholism and smoking on the prevalence of advanced oral cancer in Brazil

2018

Background To evaluate the prevalence of oral cancer in Brazil according to the clinical stage, anatomical location, alcoholism and smoking. Material and Methods Data referring to 31,217 cases of oral cancer, from 2000 to 2010, were obtained from the Integrator Module of the Hospital Registry of Cancer. Inconsistent data (“non-classified” cases) was eliminated and 21,160 cases were analyzed. The frequency distribution according to clinical stage, anatomical location, alcoholism and smoking was analyzed descriptively and through a binary logistic regression model (α<0.05). The clinical stage (dependent variable) was dichotomized in early stage (I and II) or advanced stage (III and IV). The y…

Associations between parenting and substance use, meal pattern and food choices: A cross-sectional survey of 13,269 Norwegian adolescents

2019

Identifying factors that affect adolescent lifestyle behaviors is essential in order to develop effective generic prevention approaches. This study aimed to investigate the association between parental monitoring, parental emotional support, parental-adolescent conflict and adolescent substance use, meal pattern and food choices. The study included data from 13,269 Norwegian adolescents aged 13–16 years collected in 2016. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for gender, age and parental education were applied. Results show that low parental monitoring was associated with increased substance use (Odds ratios (OR) ranging from 2.8; 95% Confidence intervals (CI) 2.1–3.6 to OR 3.8;…

Knowledge and attitudes towards smoking cessation counselling: an Italian cross-sectional survey on tertiary care nursing staff

2021

Background One of the most effective smoking cessation strategies involves care and advice from nurses due to their role in the front line of treatment. Lack of education on smoking cessation counselling may be detrimental, and adequate smoking cessation training during healthcare studies is needed. Objectives The study aimed to examine nurses’ attitudes, belief, and knowledge of smoking cessation counselling; knowledge of the health risks associated with smoking was also assessed. Design A cross-sectional survey on 77 nurses from the nursing staff of Cardiology, Cardiac Intensive Care and Surgical Oncology Units of two tertiary hospitals. Methods Cronbach’s alpha was calculated to assess …

Treatment effect of alirocumab according to age group, smoking status, and hypertension: Pooled analysis from 10 randomized ODYSSEY studies

2019

Background: Age, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension are major risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Objective: We examined whether the effects of alirocumab on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) differed according to age, hypertension, or smoking status. Methods: Data were pooled from 10 Phase 3 ODYSSEY randomized trials (24–104 weeks’ duration) in 4983 people with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) or non–familial hypercholesterolemia (3188 on alirocumab, 1795 on control [620 on ezetimibe and 1175 on placebo]). Most participants received concomitant maximum tolerated statin therapy. In 8 trials, the alirocumab dose was increased from 75…

Aclidinium, a New Long-Acting Antimuscarinic, Inhibits Cholinergic and Cigarette Smoke-Induced Up Regulation of Mucin MUC5AC Expression in Human Airw…

2009

Clinical factors affecting endometrial receptiveness in oocyte donation cycles.

2008

Objective To provide a summary of the actual knowledge about the clinical factors affecting the oocyte recipient (other than those associated with uterine cavity abnormalities) on the outcome of oocyte donation cycles. Design Review of the literature. Setting Information regarding the association between age, body mass index (BMI), endometrial priming, tobacco consumption, hydrosalpinx, and endometriosis/adenomyosis in oocyte recipients and the results of oocyte donation cycles. Result(s) Recipient age and the presence of hydrosalpinx are clearly associated with a poorer outcome in oocyte donation cycles. The negative impact of tobacco consumption has recently been confirmed. The exact rele…

Calculating confidence intervals for impact numbers

2006

Abstract Background Standard effect measures such as risk difference and attributable risk are frequently used in epidemiological studies and public health research to describe the effect of exposures. Recently, so-called impact numbers have been proposed, which express the population impact of exposures in form of specific person or case numbers. To describe estimation uncertainty, it is necessary to calculate confidence intervals for these new effect measures. In this paper, we present methods to calculate confidence intervals for the new impact numbers in the situation of cohort studies. Methods Beside the exposure impact number (EIN), which is equivalent to the well-known number needed …

Epidemiology and risk factors for oesophageal adenocarcinoma.

2013

Oesophageal adenocarcinoma will soon cease to be a rare form of cancer for people born after 1940. In many Western countries, its incidence has increased more rapidly than other digestive cancers. Incidence started increasing in the Seventies in England and USA, 15 years later in Western Europe and Australia. The cumulative risk between the ages of 15 and 74 is particularly striking in the UK, with a tenfold increase in men and fivefold increase in women in little more than a single generation. Prognosis is poor with a 5-year relative survival rate of less than 10%. The main known risk factors are gastro-oesophageal reflux, obesity (predominantly mediated by intra-abdominal adipose tissues)…

Effectiveness of dentist's intervention in smoking cessation: a review

2016

Introduction: Smoking is one of the main public health problems in developed countries. Despite extensive evidence on the effects of smoking on both oral and general health, the rate of smoking cessation is not promising. Material and Methods: To review the evidence on knowledge and programs for smoking cessation developed by dentists, a literature review was carried out on programs for smoking cessation from the dentist’s perspective, as well as a review of behavioral guidelines that have been recently proposed for these interventions. We used the keywords “Tobacco”, “Smoking Prevention”, “Public Health” AND “Dentistry”, to identify controlled studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses …