Search results for "Smoke"
showing 10 items of 202 documents
Efficacy of Ozonation Treatments of Smoked Fish for Reducing Its Benzo[a]pyrene Concentration and Toxicity
2017
Ozone is widely used in food processing, for example, to decompose mycotoxins or pesticide residues, to extend the shelf life of products, and for sanitation. The objective of this study was to assess the possibility of expanding the application of ozone for oxidative degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The evaluation was conducted by ozonation of a benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) standard solution and smoked fish (sprats) contaminated with PAHs. The effect of ozonation was immediate in the BaP solution; 89% of this toxic compound was decomposed after only 1 min of treatment. However, the impact of ozonation on the smoked sprats was less pronounced, even after prolonged treatment. …
Counseling intervention to improve quality of life in patients with pre-existing acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or chronic obstructive pulmonary d…
2018
In the light of diagnostic and therapeutic advances, patients with a previous myocardial infarction or with a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are vulnerable and need continuous monitoring over time. These pathological frameworks have a strong impact on the economy and on the status of the population and require effective and low-cost solutions.The objective of this clinical trial is to evaluate the efficacy in the short term of a telephone counseling intervention to modify the lifestyles of these two patient populations.In May 2015, all the patients included in the study underwent a questionnaire to evaluate their eating and smoking habits and their quality of life. After…
El humo del tabaco y su asociación con la caries dental en niños y niñas de 10 a 15 años atendidos en la unidad de odontología del departamento 9 de …
2011
Fundamentos: Recientemente se ha destacado el papel de la exposición al humo del tabaco ambiental en la etiología de la caries dental. El objetivo del trabajo es valorar la asociación entre la inhalación del humo del tabaco ambiental y la experiencia de caries en niños de entre 10 y 15 años. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal, realizado en la Unidad de Odontología de Atención Primaria del Departamento 9 de Salud de la Comunidad Valenciana. Se seleccionó una muestra aleatoria de 380 niños. Se realizó una exploración clínica a cada uno y se les entregó un cuestionario de opinión y contacto con el humo del tabaco para cumplimentar de forma autoadministrada. Se determinó: índice CAOD, índ…
Innate immunity but not NLRP3 inflammasome activation correlates with severity of stable COPD.
2014
Background In models of COPD, environmental stressors induce innate immune responses, inflammasome activation and inflammation. However, the interaction between these responses and their role in driving pulmonary inflammation in stable COPD is unknown. Objectives To investigate the activation of innate immunity and inflammasome pathways in the bronchial mucosa and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of patients with stable COPD of different severity and control healthy smokers and non-smokers. Methods Innate immune mediators (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-7, IL-10, IL-27, IL-37, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), interferon γ and their receptors, STAT1 and pSTAT1) and inflammasome components (NLRP3, NA…
A systematic review of maternal smoking during pregnancy and fetal measurements with meta-analysis
2017
Maternal smoking during pregnancy is linked to reduced birth weight but the gestation at onset of this relationship is not certain. We present a systematic review of the literature describing associations between maternal smoking during pregnancy and ultrasound measurements of fetal size, together with an accompanying meta-analysis. Studies were selected from electronic databases (OVID, EMBASE and Google Scholar) that examined associations between maternal smoking or smoke exposure and antenatal fetal ultrasound measurements. Outcome measures were first, second or third trimester fetal measurements. There were 284 abstracts identified, 16 papers were included in the review and the meta-anal…
Fire safety investigation for road tunnel ventilation systems – An overview
2014
Abstract In recent years, research activities about fire events in tunnel have received a significant impulse, especially after several accidents. The Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) has a fundamental role about. Researchers have spent resources on various topics involving numerical tools as the performance of a ventilation system, the influence of this on the air flow motion in the tunnel or the methods for fire schematization, fire-induced smoke characterization, turbulence models, etc. One of the main phenomena to consider for the safety when a fire occurs in a tunnel is the possibility of the fire-induced smoke to rise the tunnel (backlayering). A well-designed ventilation system shal…
Mosses as Biomonitor of Air Pollution with Analytes Originating from Tobacco Smoke
2018
Abstract The aim of the carried out research was the assessment of the possibility to use a popular bioindicator - Pleurozium schreberi mosses as a biosensor of the air pollution in living quarters with the analytes originating from tobacco smoke. The moss bag method of active biomonitoring, popular in environmental studies, was applied; the method is based on exposing mosses collected in clean areas in the locations polluted with, for example, heavy metals. However, this experiment involved exposing mosses in living quarters, in which approximately 10 cigarettes were smoked daily (first room - kitchen). For the purpose of comparison, moss samples were also placed in another room (bedroom),…
Effects of tobacco smoke on indoor air quality: the use of mosses in biomonitoring.
2020
This research was carried out to assess the possibility of using Pleurozium schreberi mosses as bioindicators of atmospheric aerosol pollution in living quarters (kitchen and bedroom), with metals originating from tobacco smoke from various types of cigarettes: conventional cigarettes, e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products. The moss-bag method of active biomonitoring was used. The mosses were exposed in these indoor spaces for three months and, after the exposition period, their analytes – Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb – were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (F-AAS). Results were interpreted using the relative accumulation factors (RAF), coefficients of variation (CV) and th…
Extracorporeal Shock Waves Increase Markers of Cellular Proliferation in Bronchial Epithelium and in Primary Bronchial Fibroblasts of COPD Patients
2020
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is due to structural changes and narrowing of small airways and parenchymal destruction (loss of the alveolar attachment as a result of pulmonary emphysema), which all lead to airflow limitation. Extracorporeal shock waves (ESW) increase cell proliferation and differentiation of connective tissue fibroblasts. To date no studies are available on ESW treatment of human bronchial fibroblasts and epithelial cells from COPD and control subjects. We obtained primary bronchial fibroblasts from bronchial biopsies of 3 patients with mild/moderate COPD and 3 control smokers with normal lung function. 16HBE cells were also studied. Cells were treated with a…
Association of maternal prenatal smoking GFI1-locus and cardio-metabolic phenotypes in 18,212 adults
2018
Background: DNA methylation at the GFI1-locus has been repeatedly associated with exposure to smoking from the foetal period onwards. We explored whether DNA methylation may be a mechanism that links exposure to maternal prenatal smoking with offspring's adult cardio-metabolic health.Methods: We meta-analysed the association between DNA methylation at GFI1-locus with maternal prenatal smoking, adult own smoking, and cardio-metabolic phenotypes in 22 population-based studies from Europe, Australia, and USA (n= 18,212). DNA methylation at the GFI1-locus was measured in whole-blood. Multivariable regression models were fitted to examine its association with exposure to prenatal and own adult s…