Search results for "SoMe"
showing 10 items of 5114 documents
Extracellular vesicles in cancer pros and cons: The importance of the evidence-based medicine
2021
In this paper we want to introduce a hot topic for clinical and translational research in oncology and all the related medical fields: the "exosomology", i.e., the science that looks at exosomes as nanovesicular tools for theranostics. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) of nanometric sizes actively secreted by normal and, above all, tumor cells. Among the EVs, exosomes are surely the most investigated and with the most promising results, mainly for what concerns their potential as representing the future of the so-called "liquid biopsy". Unfortunately, the huge and increasing amount of data coming from preclinical studies was not followed by an adequate number of clinical investigati…
Chaperonin Hsp60 and Cancer Therapies
2020
The heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60) is a chaperonin belonging to the chaperoning (chaperone) system that typically contributes to protein homeostasis inside mitochondria, but also plays various non-canonical roles unrelated to protein quality control beyond the organelle. Chaperonopathies are disorders in which chaperones play an etiologic-pathogenic role and contribute to the onset/progression of disease. Hsp60 chaperonopathies by mistake are diseases in which the chaperonin is apparently normal (as far as it can be determined with current methodologies) but it actively contributes to pathology, for example in certain types of cancer, and autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders. In cer…
Biochemical approaches to characterize targets responsible for acrylamide-induced inhibition of topoisomerase II
2006
Vinyl monomer acrylamide (AA), generally used in numerous industrial applications, has been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as “probably carcinogenic to humans” (group 2A), but the molecular mechanism underlying its genotoxicity has not fully known. Previously, we observed that Acrylamide (AA) was able to antagonize in vivo the citotoxicity of well know poison etoposide suggesting that topoisomerase II (Topo II) activity was affected by AA. In the current studies we investigated the inhibitory activity of acrylamide toward topoisomerase II by performing tests in vitro.
In vivo and in vitro inhibitory effects of acrylamide on DNA topoisomerase II
2006
Acrylamide (AA), a chemical produced in several foodstuffs when cooked at a high temperature, is considered a probable human carcinogen, but the molecular mechanism underlying its genotoxicity has not fully known. Numerous authors have reported the induction by AA of DNA double strand breaks and sister chromatid exchange (SCE); we here confirmed the acrylamide capability of damaging DNA by utilizing Comet assay, which showed a dose-dependent increase of tail lenght, in metabolically non competent V79 Chinese hamster cells. Moreover, we observed that Acrylamide (AA) was able to antagonize in vivo the citotoxicity of well know poison etoposide; this suggested that topoisomerase II activity wa…
Identification of molecular markers involved in cellular response to aneuploidy in normal and tumor cells
2020
DNA DEMETHYLATION CAUSED BY 5-AZA-2’-DEOXYCYTIDINE TREATMENT AFFECTS GENOME STABILITY BY INDUCING MITOTIC ALTERATIONS AND ANEUPLOIDY IN HCT-116 TUMOR…
2014
An In Vitro Model of Glioma Development
2023
Gliomas are the prevalent forms of brain cancer and derive from glial cells. Among them, astrocytomas are the most frequent. Astrocytes are fundamental for most brain functions, as they contribute to neuronal metabolism and neurotransmission. When they acquire cancer properties, their functions are altered, and, in addition, they start invading the brain parenchyma. Thus, a better knowledge of transformed astrocyte molecular properties is essential. With this aim, we previously developed rat astrocyte clones with increasing cancer properties. In this study, we used proteomic analysis to compare the most transformed clone (A-FC6) with normal primary astrocytes. We found that 154 proteins are…
FANCD2 promotes mitotic rescue from transcription-mediated replication stress in SETX-deficient cancer cells
2022
AbstractReplication stress (RS) is a leading cause of genome instability and cancer development. A substantial source of endogenous RS originates from the encounter between the transcription and replication machineries operating on the same DNA template. This occurs predominantly under specific contexts, such as oncogene activation, metabolic stress, or a deficiency in proteins that specifically act to prevent or resolve those transcription-replication conflicts (TRCs). One such protein is Senataxin (SETX), an RNA:DNA helicase involved in resolution of TRCs and R-loops. Here we identify a synthetic lethal interaction between SETX and proteins of the Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway. Depletion of…
Metilazione del DNA in artrite reumatoide
2005
Lo stato di metilazione del DNA genomico e del gene PTHrP è stato valutato con tecniche molecolari e citogenetiche in artrite reumatoide (AR), patologia autoimmune caratterizzata anche da alta incidenza di linfomi e da ipercalcemia per overespressione del gene PTHrP. La metilazione del DNA, infatti, ha un ruolo critico nello sviluppo delle malattie neoplastiche; il gene PTHrP avendo tre promotori uno dei quali contiene un’isola CpG è un buon candidato per la deregolazione da alterato pattern di metilazione locale. Le indagini sulla metilazione genomica, condotte su DNA estratto da sangue periferico di pazienti e di donatori e amplificato in reazioni di Methylation-Sensitive Arbitrarily Prim…