Search results for "SoMe"

showing 10 items of 5114 documents

The skeletal isomerization of but-1-ene catalyzed by theta-1 zeolite

2001

The complete mechanism for the skeletal isomerization of but-1-ene catalyzed by theta-1 zeolite was investigated theoretically by means of DFT calculations, and the influence of the local geometry of the active site and of electrostatic effects on the geometries of the species involved and on activation and reaction energies were analyzed. It was found that whereas the geometry and stability of alkoxide intermediates are strongly influenced by the local geometry of the active site, the ionic transition states are mainly stabilized by electrostatic effects. Both aspects result in a lowering of the activation energies of the elementary steps that form the mechanism and therefore in enhanced r…

chemistry.chemical_classificationReaction mechanismbiologyAlkeneStereochemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyActive siteIonic bondingTransition statechemistryComputational chemistrybiology.proteinReactivity (chemistry)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryIsomerizationEne reactionPhysical Chemistry Chemical Physics
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Crosstalk between mitochondria and peroxisomes

2015

Mitochondria and peroxisomes are small ubiquitous organelles. They both play major roles in cell metabolism, especially in terms of fatty acid metabolism, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and ROS scavenging, and it is now clear that they metabolically interact with each other. These two organelles share some properties, such as great plasticity and high potency to adapt their form and number according to cell requirements. Their functions are connected, and any alteration in the function of mitochondria may induce changes in peroxisomal physiology. The objective of this paper was to highlight the interconnection and the crosstalk existing between mitochondria and peroxisomes. Speci…

chemistry.chemical_classificationReactive oxygen speciesFatty acid metabolismCellReviewMitochondrionBiologyPeroxisomechemistry.chemical_compoundCrosstalk (biology)medicine.anatomical_structurechemistryBiochemistryOrganellemedicineBeta oxidation
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Experimental and theoretical investigations for the regio and stereoselective transformation of trans 1,2,3-trisubstituted aziridines into trans oxaz…

2003

The regio and stereoselective transformation of trans 1,2,3-trisubstituted aziridines into trans oxazolidin-2-ones takes place in good yield. However, the cis configuration at C2 and C3 in monocyclic aziridines is a limiting factor for this transformation. Ab initio calculations show that while the ring-opening process assisted by iodide is regioselective, the subsequent ring-closure is responsible for the retention of the configuration at the trans oxazolidin-2-ones. The larger energy found for the ring-closure process for the cis aziridines accounts for the non-formation of the cis oxazolidin-2-ones.

chemistry.chemical_classificationRegiochemistryStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryIodideStereoselective synthesisRegioselectivityBiochemistrychemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsYield (chemistry)Drug DiscoveryMolecular mechanismStereoselectivityCis–trans isomerismTetrahedron
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Contact sites of peptide-oligoribonucleotide cross-links identified by a combination of peptide and nucleotide sequencing with MALDI MS.

1997

We have investigated peptide–oligoribonucleotide complexes isolated from cross-linked Escherichia coli 30S ribosomal subunits in order to identify the contact sites of these complexes at the molecular level. For this purpose, reversed-phase (RP) HPLC-purified peptide–oligoribonucleotide complexes were submitted to N-terminal amino acid sequencing in order to determine the cross-linked peptide moiety and were analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) for calculation of the nucleotide composition of the cross-linked complex. Subsequently, for nucleotide sequence information the complexes were partially hydrolyzed or treated with exonucleases and a…

chemistry.chemical_classificationRibosomal ProteinsBinding SitesBase SequenceChemistryMolecular Sequence DataNucleic acid sequencePeptideRibosomal RNABiochemistryRibosomeAmino acidRNA BacterialBiochemistryBacterial ProteinsRibosomal proteinRNA RibosomalSpectrometry Mass Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationEscherichia coli30SAmino Acid SequencePeptide sequenceJournal of protein chemistry
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ISOLATION OF RAT LIVER EPOXIDE HYDRATASE: PROPERTIES AND SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY OF THE PURE ENZYME

1977

ABSTRACT The microsomal enzyme epoxide hydratase has been purified to homogeneity as judged by electrophoretical, ultracentrifugal and immunological criteria and by C- and N-terminal analysis. The preparation procedure consisted of solubilisation using the non-ionic detergent cutscum, (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and cellulose phosphate and hydrophobic chromatography on butyl-sepharose. The product was detergent-free, had a relatively high content of hydrophobic amino acids and tended to aggregate in aqueous solutions. The protein had a minimum molecular weight of 49,000 ± 500 with a sedimentation coefficient of S20w≃ 3. Antibodies raised against th…

chemistry.chemical_classificationSedimentation coefficientchemistry.chemical_compoundAqueous solutionEnzymeChromatographychemistryAlkeneStyrene oxideMicrosomePyreneOrganic chemistryAmino acid
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Selenoproteins, cholesterol-lowering drugs, and the consequences: revisiting of the mevalonate pathway.

2004

3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha activators (fibrates) are the backbone of pharmacologic hypercholesterolemia and dyslipidemia treatment. Many of their clinical effects, however, are still enigmatic. This article describes how a side road of the mevalonate pathway, characterized in recent years, can rationalize a major fraction of these unexplained observations. This side road is the enzymatic isopentenylation of selenocysteine-tRNA([Ser]Sec) (Sec-tRNA), the singular tRNA to decode the unusual amino acid selenocysteine. The functionally indispensable isopentenylation of Sec-tRNA requires a unique interm…

chemistry.chemical_classificationSelenocysteineCoenzyme AHypercholesterolemiaPeroxisome Proliferator-Activated ReceptorsIsopentenyl pyrophosphateMevalonic AcidProteinsBiologyPeroxisomeRNA Transfer Amino AcylAmino acidchemistry.chemical_compoundEnzymechemistryBiochemistryAnimalsMevalonate pathwaySelenoproteinHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineSelenoproteinsTrends in cardiovascular medicine
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Differential function of the phosphoglucomutase isozymes PGM1 and PGM2

1979

A total of 13 metabolites thought to be possibly inhibitory were tested for their influence on PGM isozyme activities, each at several different concentrations. The analysis of statistical significance was based on enzyme activities obtained by densitometric measurements of starch gels. Five of the substances were found to inhibit PGM activity, three of which definitely and a further one probably led to a significantly stronger inhibition of the isozymes of the PGM2 locus than of PGM1 isozymes. They are (1) fructose-1,6-diphosphate, (2) adenosine triphosphate, (3) citrate, and (4) possibly 2,3-diphosphoglycerate. Thus, PGM1 isozymes proved to function better in hard or perhaps marginal meta…

chemistry.chemical_classificationStarchChromosome MappingLocus (genetics)BiologyDiphosphoglyceric AcidsMolecular biologyIsozymeIsoenzymeschemistry.chemical_compoundAdenosine TriphosphateEnzymeGenesPhosphoglucomutasechemistryBiochemistryPGM1FructosediphosphatesGeneticsHumansPhosphoglucomutaseCitratesAdenosine triphosphateGeneGenetics (clinical)Human Genetics
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Stereoselective synthesis of 7,11-guaien-8,12-olides from santonin. Synthesis of podoandin and (+)-zedolactone A.

2000

Photochemical rearrangement of hydroxy ester 2, easily obtained from santonin (1), afforded butenolide 4, a good starting material for the synthesis of 7,11-guaien-8,12-olides. Compound 4 has been transformed into compound 10, which has been used for the synthesis of podoandin (5) and (+)-zedolactone A (ent-6). Regioselective elimination of the acetyl group on C10 afforded directly podoandin (5). For the synthesis of ent-6, a hydroxyl group has been regio- and stereoselectively introduced at the 4alpha-position through the 3alpha,4alpha-epoxide 15. The basic hydrolysis of the 10-acetyl group in compound 18 took place with concomitant intramolecular conjugated addition of the alkoxide to the…

chemistry.chemical_classificationStereochemistryAntinematodal AgentsHydrolysisOrganic ChemistryRegioselectivityEtherStereoisomerismchemistry.chemical_compoundSesquiterpenes Guaianechemistry4-ButyrolactoneAlkoxideMoietyStereoselectivityEnantiomerCycloheptanesSantoninLactoneButenolideThe Journal of organic chemistry
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NonclassicalPschorr andSandmeyer Reactions in Pyrazole Series

2005

The diazonium salt derived from 4-amino-N,1,3-trimethyl-N-(3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (14) was reacted with a mixture of CuSO4 and NaCl, with ascorbic acid as an initiator to afford the planar derivative 4,6-dihydro-1,4,6,8-tetramethyl-3-phenyldipyrazolo[3,4-b:4′,3′-d]pyridin-5(3H)-one (16) and its unexpected isomer 4,6-dihydro-3,4,6,8-tetramethyl-1-phenyldipyrazolo[4,3-b:4′,3′-d]pyridin-5(1H)-one (17), as well as the epimers (3S,4S)- (or (3S,4R)-) and (3S,4R)- (or (3S,4S)-) 4-chloro-2,4-dihydro-1′,3′,5,5′-tetramethyl-2-phenylspiro[pyrazole-3,4′(1′H)-pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazol]-6′(5′H)-one (18a and b, respectively). Epimers 18a and b were converted under basic c…

chemistry.chemical_classificationStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryIntercalation (chemistry)Pyrazole series Carboxylic acids Copper compounds DNA Isomers Mixtures Salts Sodium chlorideSalt (chemistry)PyrazoleAscorbic acidLinear dichroismBiochemistryCatalysisInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryDrug DiscoverySandmeyer reactionEpimerPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryDerivative (chemistry)Helvetica Chimica Acta
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Asymmetrically substituted calix[4]arenes; A two-dimensional 1H NMR study of a tetraester derivative in the cone-conformation

1991

Abstract Several new chiral calix[4]arenes with three or four different substituents in the p-position have been prepared by fragment condensation. Standard derivatization procedures always led to the formation of mixtures of various conformational isomers from which the derivative in the cone-conformation could be isolated only by preparative HPLC. For a tetraester derivative it was shown by two-dimensional 1H NMR spectroscopy, that due to the different substituents the cone-conformation is strongly distorted. The sodium complex of this tetraester, however, assumes a regular cone-conformation again.

chemistry.chemical_classificationStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryNuclear Overhauser effectNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyPolycyclic compoundchemistryDrug DiscoveryProton NMRDerivatizationConformational isomerismDerivative (chemistry)CyclophaneTetrahedron
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