Search results for "SoMe"
showing 10 items of 5114 documents
Reduced Neck Muscle Strength and Altered Muscle Mechanical Properties in Cervical Dystonia Following Botulinum Neurotoxin Injections : A Prospective …
2016
Cervical dystonia (CD) is a focal dystonia causing involuntary activation of neck and shoulder muscles resulting in abnormal, sustained and painful posturing that may lead to physical disability and social withdrawal [1]. In recent years, botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) has become the first line therapy for CD [2]. A subjective feeling of neck weakness has been reported as one of the most common localized adverse events of BoNT [2-7]. In clinical practice, this may sometimes be reported as having difficulty keeping the head upright. Although the effects of BoNT have been widely studied [2,5], there have been no prospective studies quantifying changes in maximal isometric neck muscle strength. O…
Aging and strength training influence knee extensor intermuscular coherence during low- and high-force isometric contractions
2019
Aging is associated with reduced maximum force production and force steadiness during low-force tasks, but both can be improved by training. Intermuscular coherence measures coupling between two peripheral surface electromyography (EMG) signals in the frequency domain. It is thought to represent the presence of common input to alpha-motoneurons, but the functional meaning of intermuscular coherence, particularly regarding aging and training, remain unclear. This study investigated knee extensor intermuscular coherence in previously sedentary young (18–30 years) and older (67–73 years) subjects before and after a 14-week strength training intervention. YOUNG and OLDER groups performed maximu…
Modulatory action of acetylcholine on cerebrovascular sympathetic neurotransmission
1991
1. Acetylcholine (10 micrograms/min) diminished the electrically-induced cerebral blood flow reductions. Atropine (1-2 mg) partially blocked this inhibitory effect. 2. Exogenously administered noradrenaline (1-10 micrograms) and tyramine (50-500 micrograms) reduced cerebral blood flow but this effect was unchanged by acetylcholine infusion. 3. Acetylcholine inhibited the nonadrenergic component of the electrically-induced contraction at a concentration greater than or equal to 10(-6) M and potentiated the adrenergic component at a concentration greater than or equal to 10(5) M. Atropine 10(-7) M) inhibited both of these effects. In addition, acetylcholine (10(-4) M) enhanced the electricall…
PPAR alpha gene variants as predicted performance-enhancing polymorphisms in professional Italian soccer players
2014
Patrizia Proia,1 Antonino Bianco,1 Gabriella Schiera,2 Patrizia Saladino,2 Valentina Contrò,1 Giovanni Caramazza,3 Marcello Traina,1 Keith A Grimaldi,4 Antonio Palma,1 Antonio Paoli5 1Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, 2Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; 3Regional Sports School of CONI Sicilia, Sicily, Italy; 4Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Communication and Computer Systems, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece; 5Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy Background: The PPARα gene encodes the peroxisome proliferato…
Tensiomyographical responsiveness to peripheral fatigue in quadriceps femoris
2020
Background Fatigue influences athletic performance and can also increase the risk of injury in sports, and most of the methods to evaluate it require an additional voluntary effort. Tensiomyography (TMG), which uses electrical stimulation and a displacement sensor to evaluate muscle contraction properties of one or more muscle bellies, has emerged as a technique that can assess the presence of peripheral and central fatigue without requiring additional voluntary efforts. However, the evaluation of the TMG’s ability to detect fatigue is limited, both at the level of muscle bellies and statistical methods. Thus, the aim of the present study was twofold: (i) to examine and compare the tensiom…
Combined sub-optimal doses of Rosuvastatin and Bexarotene impairs angiotensin II-induced arterial mononuclear cell adhesion through inhibition of Nox…
2015
Aim: Mononuclear cell (MC) infiltration into the arterial subendothelium is a key event in atherogenesis. Rosuvastatin (Rosu) and bexarotene (Bex) exert anti-inflammatory activity, but serious dose-related adverse effects have emerged. The need for safer and effective strategies to prevent and treat atherosclerosis led us to test the effect of combined use of both drugs on angiotensin II (Ang-II)-induced arterial MC recruitment. Results: Vehicle, Rosu (10–30 nM), Bex (0.3–1 μM), or a combination of both were administered to human umbilical arterial endothelial cells (HUAECs) 20 h before stimulation with 1 μM Ang-II (4 h). Surprisingly, a combination of Rosu (10 nM)+Bex (0.3 μM), which did n…
Selective muscle hypertrophy, changes in EMG and force, and serum hormones during strength training in older women.
2001
Effects of strength training (ST) for 21 wk were examined in 10 older women (64 ± 3 yr). Electromyogram, maximal isometric force, one-repetition maximum strength, and rate of force development of the leg extensors, muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) of the quadriceps femoris (QF) and of vastus lateralis (VL), medialis (VM), intermedius (VI) and rectus femoris (RF) throughout the lengths of 3/12–12/15 (Lf) of the femur, muscle fiber proportion and areas of types I, IIa, and IIb of the VL were evaluated. Serum hormone concentrations of testosterone, growth hormone (GH), cortisol, and IGF-I were analyzed for the resting, preexercise, and postexercise conditions. After the 21-wk ST, maximal for…
Short term treatment by fenofibrate enhances oxidative activities towards longchain fatty acids in the liver of lean zucker rats
1990
Lean Zucker rats were dosed orally for 1 week with fenofibrate (100 mg/kg/day). Liver weights of treated rats, expressed as per cent of body weight, were increased, while protein, DNA and triacylglycerol contents were not changed to any great extent per gram of liver, but increased when expressed per whole liver. Compared with the control animals, activities of fatty acid oxidase, of the peroxisomal fatty acid-oxidizing system and of catalase were markedly enhanced by fenofibrate, both per gram of liver and per total liver, while urate oxidase activity was slightly depressed when expressed per gram of liver. The activity of cytochrome c oxidase used as a mitochondrial marker was only higher…
The induction of hepatic microsomal metabolism in rats following acute administration of a mixture of polybrominated biphenyls.
1976
Abstract Firemaster BP6, a mixture of polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), was administered to female Sprague-Dawley rats (170–180 g) as a single ip injection at 25 and 150 mg/kg. Other animals received phenobarbital (PB), 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC), or PB and 3MC together. Animals were killed at intervals of 12, 24, 48, 192, and 336 hr after treatment with PBBs, or 24 hr after PB, MC, or PB-MC, and various hepatic microsomal parameters were measured. After 150 mg/kg of PBBs, cytochrome P450 concentrations reached a maximum by 48 hr (225% of control), then remained elevated through 336 hr. A similar pattern of induction was observed for epoxide hydratase and aniline hydroxylase activities. In c…
Sox17 regulates liver lipid metabolism and adaptation to fasting.
2014
Liver is a major regulator of lipid metabolism and adaptation to fasting, a process involving PPARalpha activation. We recently showed that the Vnn1 gene is a PPARalpha target gene in liver and that release of the Vanin-1 pantetheinase in serum is a biomarker of PPARalpha activation. Here we set up a screen to identify new regulators of adaptation to fasting using the serum Vanin-1 as a marker of PPARalpha activation. Mutagenized mice were screened for low serum Vanin-1 expression. Functional interactions with PPARalpha were investigated by combining transcriptomic, biochemical and metabolic approaches. We characterized a new mutant mouse in which hepatic and serum expression of Vanin-1 is …