Search results for "Social behavior"
showing 10 items of 389 documents
Prosociality as a mediator between teacher collaboration and turnover intention
2019
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the mediating role of prosociality, which is defined in terms of helping and benefitting others, between teacher collaboration and their turnover intentions. Prosociality was measured as prosocial impact and prosocial motivation.Design/methodology/approachThis study was conducted through a cross-sectional survey of 260 elementary and junior high school teachers in Japan. A structural equational model was employed to examine the mediating roles of prosocial impact and prosocial motivation in the relationships between teacher collaboration and their turnover intention.FindingsThe results, first, supported the hypotheses: the high perception o…
Parents or Peers? Predictors of Prosocial Behavior and Aggression: A Longitudinal Study
2019
The aim of this longitudinal study was to determine the associations among peer attachment, warmth from the mother and father, strict control by the mother and father, prosocial behavior, and physical and verbal aggression in adolescence. Few longitudinal studies have examined how peer attachment and parenting styles of the mother and father relate to prosocial behavior and aggression. Participants were 192 boys and 255 girls (M = 14.70 years; SD = 0.68) in wave 1. In the study participated 11 schools. For three successive years, participants reported on their fathers’ and mothers’ warmth and strict control, peer attachment, prosocial behavior, and aggression. Structural equations modeling …
Measurement invariance of the Prosocial Behavior Scale in three hispanic countries (Argentina, Spain, and Peru)
2020
Fil: Martí-Vilar, Manuel. Universitat de Valéncia. Facultat de Psicología. Departament de Psicología Básica; España Fil: Merino-Soto, César. Universidad de San Martín de Porres. Instituto de Investigación de Psicología; Perú Fil: Rodríguez, Lucas Marcelo. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina. Facultad Teresa de Ávila. Centro de Investigación Interdisciplinar en Valores, Integración y Desarrollo Social; Argentina Abstract: In a growing context of multiculturalism, prosocial behavior is important to build effective social exchange and service orientation among university students. The present study investigates prosocial behavior from a psychometric approach, to obtain evidence of the in…
Collective defence portfolios of ant hosts shift with social parasite pressure
2014
Host defences become increasingly costly as parasites breach successive lines of defence. Because selection favours hosts that successfully resist parasitism at the lowest possible cost, escalating coevolutionary arms races are likely to drive host defence portfolios towards ever more expensive strategies. We investigated the interplay between host defence portfolios and social parasite pressure by comparing 17 populations of two Temnothorax ant species. When successful, collective aggression not only prevents parasitation but also spares host colonies the cost of searching for and moving to a new nest site. However, once parasites breach the host's nest defence, host colonies should resor…
The dopamine D3 antagonist U-99194A maleate increases social behaviors of isolation-induced aggressive male mice.
1999
Rationale: Blockade of D1/D2 dopamine receptors produce an antiaggressive action commonly associated with an impairment of other motor behaviors. The D3 receptor seems to present opposite actions to the D1 and D2, since the blockade of this receptor produces stimulation of motor activity which has been associated with an increase in dopamine neurotransmission. Objective: In this work, the action of the dopamine D3 antagonist U-99194a maleate on locomotor activity and in a social interaction test in male mice was evaluated. Methods: Animals isolated during 30 days were treated with U-99194a maleate (20–40 mg/kg) or saline and locomotor activity was measured 20 min after drug administration. …
Evaluation of the effectiveness of drug prevention programs: Analysis of the international scientific production (2002–2011)
2015
s / Drug and Alcohol Dependence 146 (2015) e202–e284 e205 Oxytocin effects on human aggressive responding Joseph L. Alcorn, Nadeeka Dias, N. Rathnayaka, Joy Schmitz, C. Green, Scott D. Lane Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Program in Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center – Houston, Houston, TX, United States Aims: In the search for interventions aimed at improving the social functioning of individuals with substance use disorders (SUD), the neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) and the oxytonergic system may hold promise as an intervention strategy for promoting prosocial behaviors. Acute administration of OT …
Social phenotype extended to communities: expanded multilevel social selection analysis reveals fitness consequences of interspecific interactions.
2014
In social species, fitness consequences are associated with both individual and social phenotypes. Social selection analysis has quantified the contribution of conspecific social traits to individual fitness. There has been no attempt, however, to apply a social selection approach to quantify the fitness implications of heterospecific social phenotypes. Here, we propose a novel social selection based approach integrating the role of all social interactions at the community level. We extended multilevel selection analysis by including a term accounting for the group phenotype of heterospecifics. We analyzed nest activity as a model social trait common to two species, the lesser kestrel (Falc…
Contexto familiar de niños con autismo: Implicaciones en el desarrollo social y emocional
2019
Las familias de niños con trastorno del espectro del autismo (TEA) pueden diferenciarse en función de indicadores sociodemográficos y del clima familiar caracterizado por el nivel de estrés parental, el uso de estrategias de afrontamiento y la búsqueda de apoyo social. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las diferencias conductuales, emocionales y sociales de niños con TEA en relación con distintas tipologías de familias caracterizadas en función de los factores de riesgo como de riesgo alto, moderado y bajo. Los participantes fueron 52 madres y sus hijos de entre 7 y 11 años, con TEA sin discapacidad intelectual, que aportaron información del desarrollo socioemocional de los hijos med…
Development of Prosocial Behavior in Spanish Adolescents and Its Relations to Parenting Styles
2019
The goal of this chapter is to describe how parenting relates to prosocial development in Spanish adolescents. Although not a lot of work has been done on Spanish youth, the work that has been done has largely paralleled the work done on European American youth. We present evidence from a longitudinal study that examines how support and communication, psychological control, and permissiveness from both mothers and fathers change across adolescence and relate to prosocial behavior in a large sample of Spanish adolescents. Adolescent prosocial behavior was relatively stable. Both mothers and fathers became more permissive and supportive across adolescence, but less psychologically controlling…
P-Value, Confidence Intervals, and Statistical Inference: A New Dataset of Misinterpretation
2017
Statistical inference is essential for science since the twentieth century (Salsburg, 2001). Since it's introduction into science, the null hypothesis significance testing (NHST), in which the P-value serves as the index of “statistically significant,” is the most widely used statistical method in psychology (Sterling et al., 1995; Cumming et al., 2007), as well as other fields (Wasserstein and Lazar, 2016). However, surveys consistently showed that researchers in psychology may not able to interpret P-value and related statistical procedures correctly (Oakes, 1986; Haller and Krauss, 2002; Hoekstra et al., 2014; Badenes-Ribera et al., 2016). Even worse, these misinterpretations of P-value …