Search results for "Social class"
showing 10 items of 178 documents
The complexity of loneliness.
2018
Loneliness is a prevalent and global problem for adult populations, and a number of different studies have linked it to multiple chronic conditions, including: heart disease, lung disease, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, atherosclerosis, stroke, and metabolic disorders, such as obesity and metabolic disease. Is a major predictor of psychological problems, such as depression, psychological stress, and anxiety. Loneliness is linked to overall morbidity and mortality in adult populations. But limited interventions have demonstrated long-term effectiveness in reducing loneliness in adults with these same chronic conditions. Our research of the extant literature addresses the following que…
Mapping child maltreatment risk: a 12-year spatio-temporal analysis of neighborhood influences.
2017
Abstract Background ‘Place’ matters in understanding prevalence variations and inequalities in child maltreatment risk. However, most studies examining ecological variations in child maltreatment risk fail to take into account the implications of the spatial and temporal dimensions of neighborhoods. In this study, we conduct a high-resolution small-area study to analyze the influence of neighborhood characteristics on the spatio-temporal epidemiology of child maltreatment risk. Methods We conducted a 12-year (2004–2015) small-area Bayesian spatio-temporal epidemiological study with all families with child maltreatment protection measures in the city of Valencia, Spain. As neighborhood units…
Risk factors for central nervous system tumors in children: New findings from a case-control study
2017
BACKGROUND: Central nervous system tumors (CNS) are the most frequent solid tumor in children. Causes of CNS tumors are mainly unknown and only 5% of the cases can be explained by genetic predisposition. We studied the effects of environmental exposure on the incidence of CNS tumors in children by subtype, according to exposure to industrial and/or urban environment, exposure to crops and according to socio-economic status of the child. METHODS: We carried out a population-based case-control study of CNS tumors in Spain, covering 714 incident cases collected from the Spanish Registry of Childhood Tumors (period 1996-2011) and 4284 controls, individually matched by year of birth, sex, and au…
Social isolation from communities and child maltreatment: a cross-cultural comparison.
2003
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine: (1) the differences between Spanish and Colombian cultures in relation to community social support variables, and (2) the relationships between community social support variables and child maltreatment in both cultures. Method: The study was based on 670 nonabusive families and 166 abusive families. The parents were asked to complete the Community Social Support Questionnaire. This instrument measures community social support in terms of Community Integration and Satisfaction, membership in voluntary organizations and community participation, and use of Community Resources of Social Support. Results: Differences between both cultures were fo…
Prosocial development from childhood to adolescence: a multi-informant perspective with Canadian and Italian longitudinal studies.
2009
Objectives: To longitudinally describe prosocial behaviour development from childhood to adolescence, using multiple informants within Canadian and Italian samples. Method: Participants in Study 1 were 1037 boys from low socioeconomic status (SES) areas in Montreal, Canada, for whom yearly teacher and mother reports were obtained between the ages of 10 and 15. Participants in Study 2 were 472 children (209 girls) from Genzano, Italy, for whom yearly self and teacher reports were obtained between the ages of 10 and 14. Developmental trajectories were estimated from ratings by each informant to identify subgroups of children following distinct courses of prosocial development. Results: In …
Comunismo platónico: Revisión crítica de un proyecto utópico y político-social en la Atenas del siglo V a. C.
2016
This paper aims to study the platonic «communism» as an utopian project which was never carried out. We survey the misnamed platonic communism and its forced relationship, with modern communism, which we analyze in depth. Besides that, by reviewing modern authors, we attempt to compare platonic communism with Marxism, searching for its beginning and causes, as well as its socio-politic aspects. Besides, we bear in mind the historical context where it appeared: Athens in the 5th century BC. En este trabajo estudiamos el «comunismo» platónico como un proyecto utópico que nunca se llevó a la práctica. Se analiza el mal denominado comunismo platónico y su forzada relación con el comunismo moder…
The minor as major: Outsiderness and social class in Saara Turunen’s prose
2021
Saara Turunen’s Sivuhenkilö is a work of autofiction, which tells the story of a year in its unnamed protagonist’s life. Despite her success as an author, the protagonist feels like a minor character in her own life: an outsider both because of her gender and her profession as a writer. In this article, I offer a critical reading of Turunen’s prose by asking what political implications are attached to her handling of outsiderness. I approach outsiderness not merely as a theme, but also as a genre-specific feature peculiar to the tradition of feminist rewriting. Based on my reading of Sivuhenkilö, I argue that regardless of its feminist potential, framing oneself as an outsider can function …
Prevalence and socio-behavioral determinants of dental caries in Sicilian schoolchildren
2010
Background: Epidemiological data revealed a marked decline in dental caries prevalence in schoolchildren of Western industrialized countries. In Italy this decline is not well documented, particularly for schoolchildren living in southern Italy. This study investigated the prevalence of caries in schoolchildren in the city of Palermo, Sicily, and assessed the relationship between socio-behavioral determinants and caries. Material/Methods: A sample of 511 schoolchildren, 153 aged 5 (29.94%) and 358 aged 12 (70.06%), was selected using the cluster sampling technique from a stratified population. The World Health Organization caries diagnostic criteria for Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth and…
El nuevo dilema de la izquierda: identidad vs justicia social
2011
ResumenLa izquierda carece en la actualidad de iniciativa real. Desde la caída del muro se vio ampliamente desbordada por el neocapitalismo. La idea de justicia social dejaba entonces de tener valor. Desde entonces los partidos de izquierda no asumen posiciones diáfanas en este sentido. No reivindican la justicia social y son ambiguos frente a las condiciones que impone el capitalismo. Sitúan el eje de sus discurso político en cuestiones más relacionadas con la identidad, que con la justicia social y la clase social. De la respuesta a la pregunta ¿sigue siendo hoy una prioridad para la izquierda la búsqueda de la justicia social?, dependerá en buena medida la razón de su existencia. Abstrac…
Why do financial inclusion policies fail in mobilizing savings from the poor ? Lessons from rural south India
2017
© The Authors 2017. Development Policy Review © 2017 Overseas Development Institute Combining multivariate and qualitative analyses, this micro-level study suggests an explanation for the persistence of informal savings in rural south India despite publicly run large-scale programmes to promote bank savings. Gold, in particular, but also Rotating Saving and Credit Associations (ROSCAs) and private lending, remain the dominant forms of savings. We argue that cultural norms and social institutions, such as social class and caste, shape the nature of savings, and also the propensity and opportunities to save. Gold serves multiple purposes, financial, economic, socio-cultural and political. Fur…