Search results for "Social class"
showing 10 items of 178 documents
Clinical Sociology and Moral Hegemony
2013
The article presents a critique of a dominant way of analysing gang conflict in Norwegian sociology. The research in question uses a rather crude Marxist analysis that could somehow fit any gang conflict in the country. However, this kind of analysis was gradually put in question first by professor Ottar Brox and his criticism of the moral hegemony by a group of Marxists gathered around the publication “Klassekampen” (“Class Struggle”). Then the analysis was challenged by gang-researchers who reached back to the classical study of Frederic M. Thrasher, finding the latter more fruitful for analysis. Antonio Gramsci (1891- 1937) who coined the term cultural hegemony used it to describe how a …
Poder local y evolución social en el País Valenciano del siglo XIX
2019
This paper offers the achievements and lacks of the studies on local power in the ancient Kingdom of Valencia during the XIXth century. The breakdown of the Ancien Regime by the liberal revolution is the point of departure. The process of social change started whith the revolution continued ever after the failure of the democratic experience thet begun at 1868. To discuss these topics (not always shared by spanish historians), it would be proposed the analysis of local cases during long-termed periods and a social approach to politics, specially referred to attitudes and action of lower social groups.
Sobre la impertinencia de las políticas austericidas : algunos efectos y reflexiones desde el ámbito de la universidad.
2020
En esta aportación se describirán brevemente cuáles fueron las principales transformaciones en las condiciones de acceso y permanencia en los estudios universitarios que tuvieron lugar a partir de las reformas post- 2012 en un escenario de austeridad en el gasto público. Se parte del más reciente trabajo de investigación de la autora en torno a esta temática y se concluye con el carácter de reajuste clasista a que dichos cambios dieron lugar. En un apartado final se esbozan algunos argumentos que, en el contexto actual de crisis sanitaria y social, refuerzan la valoración de la inoportunidad de ese giro inequitativo en la política universitaria.
El deporte como medio de inserción social de los jóvenes de barrios desfavorecidos
2009
En este artículo realizamos una síntesis de la tesis doctoral �Inserción Juvenil y Actividad Física: una forma de intervención en el contexto de los barrios desfavorecidos� cuyo objetivo ha consistido en analizar el papel del deporte con colectivos socialmente desfavorecidos, en concreto con los jóvenes de barrios marginales. Con este fin hemos estructurado el texto en tres apartados: en primer lugar, presentamos los argumentos teóricos que sustentan la idea del deporte-inserción; en segundo lugar, detallamos los aspectos metodológicos que han guiado la investigación; y, por último, dedicamos un apartado al estudio de caso y las consideraciones finales.
(Des)vinculación escolar y procesos de acompañamiento en educación secundaria por clase y origen en un municipio de la región metropolitana de Barcel…
2020
El abandono prematuro de la educación y la formación (ATEF) afecta a uno de cada cinco jóvenes entre 18 y 24 años en España (Eurostat, 2019), con importantes diferencias por sexo y clase, y aún mayores por origen. Este artículo analiza la incidencia de la clase social y el origen como factores clave en la (des)vinculación escolar y el alcance de los procesos de acompañamiento escolar y local en las transiciones educativas. El trabajo se inscribe en uno de los dos spin-offs realizados en los municipios del Sabadell y El Prat de Llobregat, centrándose en este último, a partir del proyecto del FP7 Reducing Early School Leaving in Europe (RESL.eu, 2013-2018). Además de confirmar las diferencias…
Casi di corruzione nei Rerum Gestarum libri di Ammiano Marcellino
2020
The paper provides food for thought on the issue of corruption in Ammianus Marcellinus’ History pointing out the need for revising the criteria of valuation of this phenomenology in order to assess it in modern conceptual terms. As a consequence Ammianus’ Res Gestae have to be analysed moving from the political, economic and social contexts as they stem not only from historiographical sources, but also from the Codes, enabling scholars to test the level of bias of the historian who was stubbornly anchored to the values of tradition that, in his opinion, coincided with the ordo’s privileges.
The effect of peer socioeconomic status on student achievement: a meta-analysis
2010
Previous studies on the effects on students’ test scores of their peers’ socioeconomic status (SES) have reported varying results. In order to understand why researchers have alternately found small effects, large effects, or no effects at all, a meta-regression analysis including an extensive database of 30 studies on the topic was conducted. Results show that the size of the compositional effect that researchers find is strongly related to how they measure SES and to their choice of model. Measuring SES dichotomously (e.g. free lunch eligibility) or including several average SES variables in one model leads to smaller effect estimates than using a thoroughly constructed composite that inc…
Depression comorbid with tuberculosis and its impact on health status: cross-sectional analysis of community-based data from 48 low- and middle-incom…
2017
Background Depression in tuberculosis increases the risk for adverse health outcomes. However, little is known about comorbid depression and tuberculosis in the general population. Thus, we assessed the association between depression and tuberculosis, and the decrements in health status associated with this comorbidity in 48 low- and middle-income countries. Methods Cross-sectional, community-based data from the World Health Survey on 242,952 individuals aged ≥ 18 years were analyzed. Based on the World Mental Health Survey version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, past 12-month depression was categorized into depressive episode, brief depressive episode, subsyndromal dep…
Disadvantaged neighborhoods and the spatial overlap of substantiated and unsubstantiated child maltreatment referrals
2019
Abstract Background Considerable debate exists on whether the substantiation decision is a reliable measure for rates of maltreatment. Studies have shown that risks among children victims of maltreatment versus children investigated but unsubstantiated are similar. Objective This paper aims to respond to two research questions: (1) Do most child maltreatment referrals, substantiated and unsubstantiated, come from the same neighborhoods? (2) Do substantiated and unsubstantiated referrals share the same neighborhood risk factors? Participants and settings We used geocoded data from substantiated (n = 1799) and unsubstantiated (n = 1638) child maltreatment referrals in Valencia, Spain (2004–20…
Handgrip strength and its prognostic value for mortality in Moscow, Denmark, and England.
2017
BACKGROUND: This study compares handgrip strength and its association with mortality across studies conducted in Moscow, Denmark, and England.MATERIALS: The data collected by the Study of Stress, Aging, and Health in Russia, the Study of Middle-Aged Danish Twins and the Longitudinal Study of Aging Danish Twins, and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing was utilized.RESULTS: Among the male participants, the age-standardized grip strength was 2 kg and 1 kg lower in Russia than in Denmark and in England, respectively. The age-standardized grip strength among the female participants was 1.9 kg and 1.6 kg lower in Russia than in Denmark and in England, respectively. In Moscow, a one-kilogram …