Search results for "Soil"

Comparative Investigation on the Soil Burial Degradation Behaviour of Polymer Films for Agriculture before and after Photo-Oxidation

2020

Polymer films based on biodegradable polymers, polyethylene (PE) and modified PE with oxo-degradable additive were prepared by film blowing. Carbon black (1%) was added to all the films. Commercial biodegradable Ecovio&reg

Effets du mode de travail du sol sur les microorganismes à l'échelle du profil cultural

2009

Soil tillage modifies the location of crop residues and soil structure and affects microbial populations and activities such as mineralization of soil organic matter. The aim of this work was to compare the effect of two tillage systems (traditional mouldboard ploughing, LT, and reduced tillage, TR) on crop residues distribution and soil structure as well as their consequences on soil microbial biomass (BM), the potential activity of C mineralization (Cmin) and soil bacterial community structure (through T-RFLP). In order to study simultaneously the effects of soil structure modifications and crop residues distribution on these microbial parameters we used a stratified sampling scheme based…

Zanieczyszczenie wielopierścieniowymi węglowodorami aromatycznymi (WWA) gleb zalanymi wodami powodziowymi

2008

Wpływ sposobu dawkowania preparatu enzymatycznego na zmiany mikrobiologiczne i przemiany węglowodorów alifatycznych w glebie skażonej węglowodorami

2016

Usuwanie produktów ropopochodnych ze skażonej gleby jest trudnym procesem, wymagającym uwagi oraz stałej kontroli. W pracy podjęto próbę określenia wpływu techniki dawkowania preparatu enzymatycznego na zmiany mikrobiologiczne i przemiany węglowodorów alifatycznych w glebie naturalnie skażonej węglowodorami. Materiał do badań stanowiła gleba naturalnie skażona substancjami ropopochodnymi, w której całkowite stężenie węglowodorów alifatycznych o długości łańcuchów C8-C40 wynosiło 420,1 mg/kg suchej masy. Przeprowadzono doświadczenia wazonowe, dawkując preparat enzymatyczny w odstępach tygodniowych. Kontrolę stanowiła skażona gleba bez dodatku preparatu enzymatycznego. Doniczki inkubowano w t…

Priming effect increases with depth in a boreal forest soil

2016

Abstract Climate warming increases labile carbon (C) inputs to soil through increased photosynthesis and C allocation belowground. This could counterintuitively lead to losses of soil C via priming effects (PE): the stimulation of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition caused by labile C addition. Systematic quantification of PEs in different ecosystems is needed. We measured PEs of free-living soil microbes in different layers of a boreal forest soil, and found that the relative magnitude of the PE increased with soil depth. The relationship between relative PE and the added glucose amount also depended on the soil layer. Our results indicate that the decomposition of SOM in deeper soil l…

Productive Efficiency of Decanters with Short and Variable Dynamic Pressure Cones

2003

Abstract This paper presents the results of experimental trials carried out on third-generation, variable dynamic pressure cone decanters to assess machine performance and adjust the process parameters for optimum extraction yield. The results obtained led to the following conclusions: the regulation of the differential velocity screw/bowl allows a better performance of the decanter at low dilutions of the olive paste; it is possible to obtain high efficiency at a low dilution of the olive paste achieving a higher minor compounds content and the more advanced system of regulation leads to better results according to the variations of the ratio between liquid and solid phases, thus optimisin…

Changes in physicochemical properties of soils in the area affected by lime industry

2016

Lime and cement industry belongs to the best developed branches of industry in Opole Voivodeship. The plants are located in eastern and central part of the province, in the vicinity of the city of Opole and the towns of Krapkowice and Strzelce Opolskie due to the location of the resources of calcareous raw materials (limestones and marls).The impact of lime and cement industry on the natural environment, especially soils, was studied by many authors, but these works do not concern the Province of Opole, which is one of the main centers of lime and cement industry in Poland for centuries. The article is an attempt to show changes in physicochemical properties of soils being under long lastin…

Gamma-radioactive contamination in the area of Lesisko Reserve

2004

The origin of heavy metals and radionuclides accumulated in the soil and biota samples collected in Svalbard, near Longyearbyen

2017

Heavy metals and radioactive compounds are potentially hazardous substances for plants, animals and humans in the Arctic. A good knowledge of the spatial variation of these substances in soil and primary producers, and their sources, is therefore essential. In the samples of lichen Thamnolia vermicularis, Salix polaris and Cassiope tetragona, and the soil samples collected in 2014 in Svalbard near Longyearbyen, the concentrations of the following heavy metals were determined: Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and Hg, as well as the activity concentrations of the following: K-40, Cs-137, Pb-210, Pb-212, Bi-212, Bi-214, Pb-214, Ac-228, Th-231 and U-235 in the soil samples. The differences in the concent…

Determinants of the interannual relationships between remote sensed photosynthetic activity and rainfall in tropical Africa

2007

International audience; The response of photosynthetic activity to interannual rainfall variations in Africa South of the Sahara is examined using 20 years (1981-2000) of Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) AVHRR data. Linear correlations and regressions were computed between annual NDVI and annual rainfall at a 0.5° latitude/longitude resolution, based on two gridded precipitation datasets (Climate Prediction Center Merged Analysis of Precipitation [CMAP] and Climatic Research Unit [CRU]). The spatial patterns were then examined to detect how they relate to the mean annual rainfall amounts, land-cover types as from the Global Land Cover 2000 data set, soil properties and soil typ…