Search results for "Solanum"
showing 10 items of 187 documents
ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF VERMICOMPOST AND PEAT EXTRACTS ON NUTRIENT ACCUMULATION IN TUBERS AND POTATO YIELD
2018
Investigations on the potential beneficial effect of humic substances on crop plant cultivation under extremely diverse soil and climatic conditions is of global character, thereby knowledge obtained on the basis of local investigations are of great importance world-wide. The aim of the research was to evaluate the effect of different application methods (seed tuber treatment and foliar application) of commercially-produced peat and vermicompost extracts on nutrient uptake in tubers and yield of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) using field experiments in organic farming system with potato variety ‘Borodjanskij Rozovij’. The tested extracts from the organic products included: peat extract (K45…
Ozone-induced reductions in below-ground biomass: an anatomical approach in potato
2010
[EN] Potato plants were grown in open-top chambers under three ozone concentrations during two complete cropping seasons (93 and 77 d in 2004 and 2005, respectively). The effects of chronic exposure to ozone on leaf anatomy, cell ultrastructure and crop yield were studied. Severe cell damage was found, even at ambient ozone levels, mainly affecting the spongy parenchyma and areas near the stomata. Damage to the cell wall caused loss of cell contact, and loss of turgor pressure due to tonoplast disintegration, contributed to cell collapse. Phloem sieve plates were obstructed by callose accumulation, and damaged mesophyll cells increased their starch stores. Tuber yield fell sharply (24–44%),…
Un-rooted grafted cuttings for eggplant plug-transplant production and shipping: simulated transportation and healing requirements
2019
Vegetable grafting is one of the most effective eco-friendly techniques to overcome pests and soilborne diseases in modern cropping systems of fruiting vegetables. Due to the increased farmers’ preference for grafted seedlings of high quality and better performance, the use of vegetable grafted plants is rapidly spreading and expanding over the world and intensive researches on new commercial production systems are under way. However, in many areas of the world, due to the high cost of skilled manpower, the use of grafted plug plants is still limited causing a relatively slow development of the grafting nursery industry. The aim of this work was to evaluate a possible use of un-rooted graft…
Pseudomonas corrugata crpCDE is part of the cyclic lipopeptide corpeptin biosynthetic gene cluster and is involved in bacterial virulence in tomato a…
2014
Summary: Pseudomonas corrugataCFBP 5454 produces two kinds of cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs), cormycin A and corpeptins, both of which possess surfactant, antimicrobial and phytotoxic activities. In this study, we identified genes coding for a putative non-ribosomal peptide synthetase and an ABC-type transport system involved in corpeptin production. These genes belong to the same transcriptional unit, designated crpCDE. The genetic organization of this locus is highly similar to other PseudomonasCLP biosynthetic clusters. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) analysis revealed that transporter and synthetase genomic knock-out mutants were u…
The Implication of Xyloglucan Endotransglucosylase/Hydrolase (XTHs) in Tomato Fruit Infection by Penicillium expansum Link. A
2007
In general, cell wall-degrading enzymes produced by plant pathogenic fungi are considered important pathogenicity factors. In this work, we evaluate the implication of xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/ hydrolase (XTHs), a potential hemicellulosic repairing enzyme, in the infection mechanism process by the fungus. This study investigated the SIXTHS expresion and xyloglucan endotransglucosylase (XET) activity during infection of two tomato fruit cultivars by Penicillium expansum Link. A. In infected fruits, XET specific activity decreased drastically after long infection periods, 24 and 48 h for Canario and Money Maker tomato fruits, respectively. Real Time RT-PCR of eleven SIXTHS also showed …
Determination of -Ascorbic Acid in Lycopersicon Fruits by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis
2001
This study shows an improved method for the determination of L-ascorbic acid (l-AA) in fruits of Lycopersicon by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). Two backgrounds electrolytes (BGEs) have been tested: (i) 400 mM borate at pH 8.0 and 1 x 10(-2)% hexadimethrine bromide, for the separation of Eulycopersicon subgenus species; and (ii) as in BGE(i) but supplemented with 20% (v/v) acetonitrile, for the separation of species of the Eriopersicon subgenus. The present procedures were compared with two routine methods-enzymatic assay and potentiometric titration with 2,6-dichlorophenol-indophenol. While these routine methods presented some difficulties in quantifying l-AA in several Lycopersicon …
Two-stage anaerobic digestion of tomato, cucumber, common reed and grass silage in leach-bed reactors and upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors
2010
Abstract Anaerobic digestion of tomato, cucumber, common reed and grass silage was studied in four separate two-stage reactor configuration consisting of leach bed reactor (LBR) and upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB). LBR studies showed that COD solubilization for cucumber and grass silage was higher (50%) than tomato (35%) and common reed (15%). Results also showed that 31–39% of initial TKN present in tomato and cucumber was solubilized in the leachates and 47–54% of the solubilized TKN was converted to NH4-N. The corresponding values for common reed and grass silage were 38–50% and 18–36%, respectively. Biomethanation of the leachates in UASB reactors resulted in methane yiel…
Solanum lanceolatum (Solanaceae) in Sicily: A new alien species for the European flora
2015
Solanum lanceolatum Cav. (Solanaceae) is a species native to Central America (Mexico, Belize, Guatemala and Panama), that has been found naturalized near Sutera and Porto Empedocle (Sicily). This is the first record in Italy and Europe.
Isolation and Characterization of a New Less-Toxic Derivative of the Fusarium Mycotoxin Diacetoxyscirpenol after Thermal Treatment
2011
Trichothecenes are an important class of mycotoxins that act as potent protein synthesis inhibitors in eukaryotic organisms. The compound 4,15-diacetoxyscirpenol is highly toxic for plants and animals. Potatoes are especially prone to be contaminated with 4,15-diacetoxyscirpenol after infection with Fusarium sambucinum. In the current study, the reduction of 4,15-diacetoxyscirpenol during thermal treatment in aqueous solution was monitored. A new derivative was detected and named DAS-M1. After isolation, DAS-M1 was characterized with LC-HR-MS and LC-MS/MS and structurally elucidated with (1)H, (13)C, and 2D NMR. Potatoes were inoculated with F. sambucinum, and the infected potatoes were coo…
Colonization of tomato root by pathogenic and nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum strains inoculated together and separately into the soil.
2006
ABSTRACT In soil, fungal colonization of plant roots has been traditionally studied by indirect methods such as microbial isolation that do not enable direct observation of infection sites or of interactions between fungal pathogens and their antagonists. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to visualize the colonization of tomato roots in heat-treated soil and to observe the interactions between a nonpathogenic strain, Fo47, and a pathogenic strain, Fol8, inoculated onto tomato roots in soil. When inoculated separately, both fungi colonized the entire root surface, with the exception of the apical zone. When both strains were introduced together, they both colonized the root surface…