Search results for "Soleus muscle"
showing 10 items of 50 documents
Synthesis and degradation of type IV collagen in rat skeletal muscle during immobilization in shortened and lengthened positions
2003
Aim: Type IV collagen is a major protein in basement membranes surrounding and supporting skeletal muscle cells. In the present study, we tested the hypotheses that immobilization down-regulates synthesis and up-regulates degradation of type IV collagen in skeletal muscle. Methods: mRNA level and concentration of type IV collagen as well as mRNA levels and activities of proteins involved in its degradation were analysed from soleus (SOL), gastrocnemius (GAS) and extensor digitorum longus muscles after immobilization in shortened and lengthened positions for 1, 3 and 7 days. Results: Following immobilization, type IV collagen mRNA level was decreased in SOL and GAS suggesting down-regulat…
Effects of prolonged walking on neural and mechanical components of stretch responses in the human soleus muscle
2009
After repeated passive stretching, tendinous tissue compliance increases in the human soleus (SOL) muscle–tendon unit. During movement, such changes would have important consequences for neural and mechanical stretch responses. This study examined the existence of such effects in response to a 75 min walking intervention. Eleven healthy subjects walked on a treadmill at 4 km h−1 with a robotic stretch device attached to the left leg. Ultrasonography was used to measure SOL fascicle lengths, and surface EMG activity was recorded in the SOL and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles. Perturbations of 6 deg were imposed at three different measurement intervals: Pre (immediately before the walking inte…
Redox regulation of E3 ubiquitin ligases and their role in skeletal muscle atrophy
2015
Muscle atrophy is linked to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during hindlimb-unloading due, at least in part, to the activation of xanthine oxidase (XO). The major aim of our study was to determine the mechanism by which ROS cause muscle atrophy and its possible prevention by allopurinol, a well-known inhibitor of XO widely used in clinical practice, and indomethacin, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. We studied the activation of p38 MAP Kinase and NF-?B pathways, and the expression of two E3 ubiquitin ligases involved in proteolysis, the Muscle atrophy F-Box (MAFb) and Muscle RING Finger-1 (MuRF-1). Male Wistar rats (3 mold) conditioned by 14 days of hindlimb unloading (n=18),…
Age dependency of neuromuscular function and dynamic balance control
2010
Abstract The purpose of the present study was to examine whether static and dynamic balance control are related to neuromuscular function and ageing. For this purpose, we constructed a new dynamic balance measurement system that simulates natural falling. Ten young (age 21–31 years) and 20 elderly (age 60–70 years) men participated in the experiment. Maximal isometric torque (MVC) and activation level were measured from the quadriceps and plantar flexor muscles. The H-reflex, V-wave, and maximal M-wave were measured from the soleus muscle. In dynamic balance control, anterior-posterior centre-of-pressure swaying was 74±8.1 mm in the young men and 91.5±19.4 mm in the elderly men (P<0.05), wh…
<title>Effects of peripheral dynamic movements on the lower-limb circulation assessed by thermography: three one-group studies</title>
2002
Peripheral dynamic movements are used as part of postoperative protocols and for preventing vascular complications during bed rest. The effects of peripheral movements have not been studied. The purposes of these studies were to explain the effects of peripheral dynamic movements on lower limb circulation. The aim was also to explain how other factors like sex, age, BMI, medication, smoking, sports activity etc. affect the circulation. Healthy young subjects (N=19), healthy elderly subjects (N=19) and diabetic subjects (N=21) participated in the studies between 1997 and 1999. The study design was the same in each study. Infrared technology and image processing belong to our focus fields of …
Increased mRNAs for procollagens and key regulating enzymes in rat skeletal muscle following downhill running.
1999
The purpose of the study was to investigate pre-translational regulation of collagen expression after a single bout of exercise. We analysed steady-state messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels for collagen types I, III and IV, alpha- and beta-subunits of prolyl 4-hydroxylase and lysyl oxidase (enzymes modifying procollagen chains), and enzyme activity of prolyl 4-hydroxylase from rat soleus muscle (MS) and the red parts of quadriceps femoris muscle (MQF) after 12 h and after 1, 2, 4, 7 and 14 days of downhill (-13.5 degrees ) treadmill running at a speed of 17 m.min-1 for 130 min. Histological and biochemical assays revealed exercise-induced muscle damage in MQF but not MS. Steady-state m…
Acute exercise induced changes in rat skeletal muscle mRNAs and proteins regulating type IV collagen content
2001
This experiment tested the hypothesis that running-induced damage to rat skeletal muscle causes changes in synthesis and degradation of basement membrane type IV collagen and to proteins regulating its degradation. Samples from soleus muscle and red and white parts of quadriceps femoris muscle (MQF) were collected 6 h or 1, 2, 4, or 7 days after downhill running. Increased muscle β-glucuronidase activity indicated greater muscle damage in the red part of MQF than in the white part of MQF or soleus. In the red part of MQF, type IV collagen expression was upregulated at the pretranslational level and the protein concentration decreased, whereas matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), a protein th…
The Effects of Stochastic Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation on Body Sway and Muscle Activity
2020
Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether galvanic vestibular stimulation with stochastic noise (nGVS) modulates the body sway and muscle activity of the lower limbs, depending on visual and somatosensory information from the foot using rubber-foam.Methods: Seventeen healthy young adults participated in the study. Each subject maintained an upright standing position on a force plate with/without rubber-foam, with their eyes open/closed, to measure the position of their foot center of pressure. Thirty minutes after baseline measurements under four possible conditions (eyes open/closed with/without rubber-foam) performed without nGVS (intensity: 1 mA, duration: 40 s), the stimulation…
Treatment of sarcopenia by targeting Akt and muscle specific ubiquitin ligases. Evidence from mice and from a clinical trial
2017
Disuse muscle wasting may take place as a result of several such as joint immobilization, inactivity or bed rest. There are no good therapies to treat it. Allopurinol, a drug commonly used to treat hyperuricemia and gout, protects muscle damage, specially after exhaustive exercise and results in functional gains in old persons. Thus, we tested its effect in the prevention of atrophy of the soleus muscle after two weeks of hindlimb unloading in experimental animals (mice), and lower leg immobilization following ankle sprain in humans (Registration of the clinical Trial: EUDRACT2011-003541-17). We have found show that allopurinol protects against muscle atrophy in both mice and humans. The pr…
M-mode Ultrasound Examination of Soleus Muscle in Healthy Subjects: Intra- and Inter-Rater Reliability Study
2020
Objective: M-mode ultrasound imaging (US) reflects the motion of connective tissue within muscles. The objectives of this study were to evaluate inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of soleus muscle measurements between examiners with different levels of US experience in asymptomatic subjects and to investigate the level of soleus muscle isometric activity in two positions (knee extended and knee flexed at 30°