Search results for "Solid"
showing 10 items of 3575 documents
The Rise in Inequality after Pandemics: Can Fiscal Support Play a Mitigating Role?
2021
Abstract Major epidemics of the last two decades (SARS, H1N1, MERS, Ebola, and Zika) have been followed by increases in inequality [Furceri et al. (2020), COVID Economics, 12, 138–157]. In this article, we show that the extent of fiscal consolidation in the years following the onset of these pandemics has played an important role in determining the extent of the increase in inequality. Episodes marked by extreme austerity—measured using either the government’s fiscal balance, health expenditures, or redistribution—have been associated with an increase in the Gini measure of inequality three times as large as in episodes where fiscal policy has been more supportive. We survey the evidence th…
How alternative food networks work in a metropolitan area? An analysis of Solidarity Purchase Groups in Northern Italy
2019
AbstractOur paper focuses on Solidarity Purchase Group (SPG) participants located in a highly urbanized area, with the aim to investigate the main motivations underlining their participation in a SPG and provide a characterization of them. To this end, we carried out a survey of 795 participants involved in 125 SPGs in the metropolitan area of Milan (Italy). Taking advantage of a questionnaire with 39 questions, we run a factor analysis and a two-step cluster analysis to identify different profiles of SPG participants. Our results show that the system of values animating metropolitan SPG practitioners does not fully conform to that traditionally attributed to an alternative food network (AF…
The democratization process: An empirical appraisal of the role of political protest
2020
Abstract This paper analyses the role of peaceful and violent protest in the democratization process. We interpret the democratization process as a sequence of phases so as to allow citizens' and elites' preferences for democracy to vary according to the particular phase that a country is experiencing. By doing so we jointly model the probability of protest and of moving through different phases of democracy taking into account time-constant and time-varying unobserved heterogeneity. In particular, we develop a multivariate finite mixture model that introduces a latent variable to capture unobservable factors. On a sample of 171 countries from 1971 to 2010, we provide evidence that protest …
How does fiscal consolidation impact on income inequality?
2012
In this paper, we assess the impact of fiscal consolidation on income inequality. Using a panel of 18 industrialized countries from 1978 to 2009, we find that income inequality significantly rises during periods of fiscal consolidation. In addition, while fiscal policy that is driven by spending cuts seems to be detrimental for income distribution, tax hikes seem to have an equalizing effect. We also show that the size of the fiscal consolidation program (in percentage of GDP) has an impact on income inequality. In particular, when consolidation plans represent a small share of GDP, the income gap widens, suggesting that the burden associated with the effort affects disproportionately house…
La economía social y solidaria en Grecia
2017
El 31 de octubre de 2016 el Parlamento griego aprobó la Ley 4430/2016 de Economía Social y Solidaria (ESS) con el propósito de difundir esta forma alternativa de organización de la actividad económica; apoyar y fortalecer proyectos productivos autogestionarios y de emprendimiento social colectivo, y regular las Empresas Sociales Cooperativas y las Cooperativas de Trabajadores. En este trabajo hemos analizado las principales características de la ESS griega, principalmente en relación con otros modelos europeos; y los distintos tipos de empresas que integra, subrayando las diferencias entre ellas y sus principales características frente a otras instituciones próximas como las cooperativas so…
Job Quality in the Economy for the Common Good : conceptualisation and implementation in Austria and Germany
2020
The Economy for the Common Good (ECG) is an Austrian-born movement promoting an alternative economic model built on values oriented to the common welfare such as human dignity, solidarity, ecological sustainability, social justice, transparency and democratic participation. To provide (high) quality of work plays an important role in the ECG philosophy but little is known on the actual labour conditions of workers employed in such type of firms and whether they differ from those of firms in the ?regular? default economy. In this paper we focus on Austria and Germany, the countries where this economic model is most widespread, and present results on the general structure of firms following t…
Social and solidarity economy and the need for its entrepreneuring ecosystem: Current challenges in Brazil
2020
Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:05:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-01 This articles purpose is to discuss the state of the art of the constitution of the entrepreneurial ecosystem for SSE and its application in Brazil. One of the major challenges for the creation, continuity and strengthening of Solidarity Economy Enterprises (SEE) is the effective establishment of an entrepreneurial ecosystem for Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE). The construction of the solidary entrepreneurial ecosystem is a complex task, full of challenges, especially when this construction is associated to structural weaknesses inherent to its modus operandi. Case studies of sev…
Las redes como factor clave para la consolidación de nuevas cooperativas de trabajo asociado
2015
En estos últimos años de crisis y destrucción de empleo, el interés por impulsar el dinamismo y crecimiento de la economía de un área geográfica a través de la creación de nuevas empresas ha ido en aumento. Las cooperativas de trabajo asociado (CTA) representan un modelo de empresa en el que los objetivos económicos se combinan con los sociales, logrando un crecimiento basado en el empleo, la igualdad social y la equidad. Las nuevas CTA necesitan conocimiento para su consolidación, una parte del cual proviene de la formación y experiencia de sus promotores, y otra de las relaciones de tipo interpersonal e interorganizacional dentro de su entorno económico y social. La supervivencia y crecim…
De la innovación social a la economía solidaria. Claves prácticas para el desarrollo de políticas públicas
2016
El presente artículo ahonda en la identificación de puntos en común entre la multitud de prácticas que constituyen lo que se conoce como economía social y solidaria (ESS) y el fomento de la innovación social como un reto actual para las políticas públicas. El objetivo es evaluar los modos en que las Administraciones pueden hacer hincapié en favor de la economía social y solidaria considerando su importancia estratégica para el desarrollo económico local. El texto combina la revisión de la literatura específica con la exposición de experiencias ubicadas en la provincia de Barcelona partiendo de un trabajo de campo desarrollado mediante entrevistas en profundidad con informadores privilegiado…
Elementos de convergencia desde el modelo cooperativo en la nueva economía social y solidaria
2013
El artículo se extrae de la investigación que realiza el autor por motivo de la tesis doctoral sobre las políticas públicas de fomento y fortalecimiento de la economía social y solidaria en Colombia. El objetivo del artículo es plantear una reflexión sobre las formas organizativas de la economía social y solidaria como alternativa a las formas capitalistas en el desarrollo local. El artículo propone los elementos que definen la economía social y solidaria, haciendo hincapié en las cooperativas que ante el actual contexto internacional demuestran una alta capacidad de resiliencia, siendo capaces de crear empleo, proveer estabilidad y seguridad en los territorios. The article is a research pr…