Search results for "Solubility"

showing 10 items of 681 documents

Electrochemical treatment of aqueous solutions of organic pollutants by electro-Fenton with natural heterogeneous catalysts under pressure using Ti/I…

2018

The treatment of toxic organic pollutants by electro-Fenton (EF) presents some drawbacks such as the necessity to work at low pH and the low solubility of oxygen in water contacted with air or oxygen at room pressure that results often in slow and relatively low abatements. Here, the coupled adoption of natural heterogeneous catalysts and of relatively high pressure was proposed in order to improve the performances of EF for the treatment of organic pollutants. Caffeic acid (CA) and 3-chlorophenol were used as model resistant organic pollutants. EF process was performed using both conventional homogeneous FeSO4 and natural heterogeneous catalysts (pyrite, chalcopyrite, Fe2O3 and Fe3O4) as i…

Environmental EngineeringMaterials scienceHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisElectro-Fenton Organic pollutants Natural heterogeneous catalysts Pressurized electro-Fentonchemistry.chemical_elementPortable water purification02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciencesHeterogeneous catalysis01 natural sciencesOxygenCatalysisEnvironmental ChemistrySolubility0105 earth and related environmental sciencesPollutantAqueous solutionPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGeneral MedicineGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPollutionAnodechemistryChemical engineering0210 nano-technology
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Hydrolysis rates, methane production and nitrogen solubilisation of grey waste components during anaerobic degradation.

2005

Abstract Municipal grey waste (i.e. the remaining fraction in municipal waste management systems in which putrescibles (biowaste) and other recyclables (paper, metals, glass) are source-segregated) was manually sorted into six main fractions on the basis of composition and also separated by sieving (100 mm mesh size) into two fractions, oversized and undersized, respectively. In practice, in waste management plant the oversized fraction is (or will be) used to produce refuse-derived fuel and the undersized landfilled after biological stabilisation. The methane yields and nitrogen solubilisation of the grey waste and the different fractions (all studied samples were first milled to 5 mm part…

Environmental EngineeringMunicipal solid wasteManufactured MaterialsNitrogenBioengineeringFraction (chemistry)GarbageMethanechemistry.chemical_compoundBacteria AnaerobicCitiesWaste Management and DisposalPollutantWaste ProductsWaste managementRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentHydrolysiscardboardGeneral MedicineBiodegradable wasteBiodegradationTotal dissolved solidsRefuse DisposalKineticsBiodegradation EnvironmentalchemistrySolubilityvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumMethaneFiltrationBioresource technology
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Simultaneous nitrogen and organic carbon removal in aerobic granular sludge reactors operated with high dissolved oxygen concentration

2013

Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) together with organic removal in granules is usually carried out without Dissolved Oxygen (DO) concentration control, at ‘‘low DO’’ (with a DO 7–8 mg/L, during feast and famine conditions respectively). In particular, different strategies of cultivation and several organic and nitrogen loading rate have been applied, in order to eval- uate the efficiencies in SND process without dissolved oxygen control. The results show that, even under conditions of high DO concentration, nitrogen and organic matter can be simultaneously removed, with efficiency >90%. Nevertheless, the biological conditions in the inner layer of the granule may change sig- …

Environmental EngineeringNitrogenchemistry.chemical_elementPilot ProjectsBioengineeringSimultaneous nitrification-denitrificationBioreactorsLong periodOrganic matterWaste Management and DisposalTotal organic carbonchemistry.chemical_classificationSewageSettore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-AmbientaleRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentGranule (cell biology)Environmental engineeringGeneral MedicineNitrogenAerobiosisCarbonOxygenSolubilitychemistryAerobic granular sludge Granule size Nutrient removal Feast-famine SND processEnvironmental chemistryLoading rateParticle size
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Cyclodextrins as a Key Piece in Nanostructured Materials: Quantitation and Remediation of Pollutants

2021

Separation and pre-concentration of trace pollutants from their matrix by reversible formation of inclusion complexes has turned into a widely studied field, especially for the benefits provided to different areas. Cyclodextrins are non-toxic oligosaccharides that are well known for their host–guest chemistry, low prices, and negligible environmental impact. Therefore, they have been widely used as chiral selectors and delivery systems in the pharmaceutical and food industry over time. However, their use for extraction purposes is hampered by their high solubility in water. This difficulty is being overcome with a variety of investigations in materials science. The setting-up of novel solid…

Environmental remediationGeneral Chemical Engineeringhost–guest adsorptionReview02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencessupramolecular chemistrylcsh:ChemistryMatrix (chemical analysis)Adsorptionnanostructured materialsGeneral Materials ScienceSolubilityPollutantchemistry.chemical_classificationCyclodextrinNanostructured materials010401 analytical chemistryTrace pollutants021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical scienceslcsh:QD1-999cyclodextrinchemistrypollutantBiochemical engineering0210 nano-technologyNanomaterials
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Treatment of heavy petroleum hydrocarbons polluted soil leachates by ultrafiltration and oxidation for surfactant recovery

2018

Abstract Surfactant technology can improve the remediation of soils polluted by semivolatile hydrophobic contaminants, like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), by enhancing their solubility in water. However, the recovery of surfactant from soil-leachates is critical for the economic feasibility of this treatment technology. To tackle this issue, ultrafiltration (UF) and its combination with permanganate, is reported for the selective recovery of surfactant from wastewater contaminated by a complex mixture of heavy hydrocarbons mainly composed of PAHs. The overall performance of the process including the successive steps of contaminant mobilization in leachates and surfactant recovery …

Environmental remediationUltrafiltration02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciences01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundPulmonary surfactantChemical Engineering (miscellaneous)[CHIM]Chemical SciencesSolubilityWaste Management and DisposalComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS0105 earth and related environmental scienceschemistry.chemical_classificationChemistry[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental EngineeringProcess Chemistry and TechnologyPermanganateExtraction (chemistry)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPollution6. Clean waterHydrocarbonWastewater13. Climate actionEnvironmental chemistry0210 nano-technology
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Sequence similarity of mammalian epoxide hydrolases to the bacterial haloalkane dehalogenase and other related proteins Implication for the potential…

1994

Direct comparison of the amino acid sequences of microsomal and soluble epoxide hydrolase superficially indicates that these enzymes are unrelated. Both proteins, however, share significant sequence similarity to a bacterial haloalkane dehalogenase that has earlier been shown to belong to the alpha/beta hydrolase fold family of enzymes. The catalytic mechanism for the dehalogenase has been elucidated in detail [Verschueren et al. (1993) Nature 363, 693-698] and proceeds via an ester intermediate where the substrate is covalently bound to the enzyme. From these observations we conclude (i) that microsomal and soluble epoxide hydrolase are distantly related enzymes that have evolved from a co…

Epoxide hydrolase 2StereochemistryHydrolasesMolecular Sequence DataBiophysicsHydrolaseEsteraseBiochemistryEsteraseCatalysisChelataseα/β Hydrolase foldBacterial ProteinsStructural BiologyMicrosomesHydrolaseGeneticsAnimalsAmino Acid SequenceEpoxide hydrolaseMolecular BiologyDehalogenasePeroxidasechemistry.chemical_classificationEpoxide HydrolasesMammalsBacteriaSequence Homology Amino AcidCell BiologyLipaseBiological EvolutionEnzymechemistryBiochemistrySolubilityEpoxide HydrolasesLuciferaseHaloalkane dehalogenaseFEBS Letters
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Differential subcellular localization of endogenous and transfected soluble epoxide hydrolase in mammalian cells: evidence for isozyme variants

1999

AbstractEndogenous, constitutive soluble epoxide hydrolase in mice 3T3 cells was localized via immunofluorescence microscopy exclusively in peroxisomes, whereas transiently expressed mouse soluble epoxide hydrolase (from clofibrate-treated liver) accumulated only in the cytosol of 3T3 and HeLa cells. When the C-terminal Ile of mouse soluble epoxide hydrolase was mutated to generate a prototypic putative type 1 PTS (-SKI to -SKL), the enzyme targeted to peroxisomes. The possibility that soluble epoxide hydrolase-SKI was sorted slowly to peroxiosmes from the cytosol was examined by stably expressing rat soluble epoxide hydrolase-SKI appended to the green fluorescent protein. Green fluorescent…

Epoxide hydrolase 2animal structuresRecombinant Fusion ProteinsBiophysicsBiologyEpoxide hydrolasePeroxisomeTransfectionBiochemistryIsozymeMicrobodies3T3 cellsGreen fluorescent protein03 medical and health sciencesMiceStructural BiologyGeneticsmedicineAnimalsHumansClofibrateEpoxide hydrolaseMolecular Biology030304 developmental biologyEpoxide HydrolasesMammals0303 health sciences030302 biochemistry & molecular biologyPeroxisome targeting signalCell Biology3T3 CellsPeroxisomeSubcellular localizationMolecular biologyRatsIsoenzymesCytosolmedicine.anatomical_structureBiochemistrySolubilityhuman activitiesHeLa CellsSubcellular FractionsFEBS Letters
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Investigation of the noble gas solubility in H2O–CO2 bearing silicate liquids at moderate pressure II: the extended ionic porosity (EIP) model

2000

A semi-theoretical model is proposed to predict partitioning of noble gases between any silicate liquid and a H2O–CO2 gas phase with noble gas as a minor component, in a large range of pressures (at least up to 300 MPa). The model is based on the relationship between the concentration of dissolved noble gas and ionic porosity of the melt, found by Carroll and Stolper [Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 57 (1993) 5039–5051] for H2O–CO2 free melts. It evaluates the effect of dissolved H2O and CO2 on the melt ionic porosity and, consequently on Henry’s constants of noble gases. The fugacities of the noble gases in the H2O–CO2–noble gas mixtures are also considered in our equilibrium calculations of diss…

Equation of stateMineralogyNoble gaschemistry.chemical_elementIonic bondingThermodynamicsSilicatechemistry.chemical_compoundGeophysicsXenonchemistrySpace and Planetary ScienceGeochemistry and PetrologyEarth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)SolubilityPorosityHeliumGeologyEarth and Planetary Science Letters
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Experimental P-T-ro Measurements of Supercritical Mixtures of Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, and Hydrogen and Semiquantitative Estimation of Their …

2007

The P-T-ρ behavior of the CO2-CO-H2 system was studied in the supercritical region under operative conditions close to those adopted to perform hydrogenation and hydroformylation reactions in dense CO 2, thus providing new interesting information on this fluid mixture. Experiments were performed in a fixed volume reactor in the temperature range from 298 K to 343 K changing the density and the composition of the fluid phase. The one-component (Hildebrand) solubility parameter of the mixture was estimated from experimentally measured P vs T profiles, and its dependence on the density and composition of the system was analyzed to study the antisolvent effect of the permanent gases. We have fo…

Equation of stateSettore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciHydrogenGeneral Chemical Engineeringchemistry.chemical_elementThermodynamicsGeneral ChemistrySettore ING-IND/27 - Chimica Industriale E TecnologicaSupercritical fluidSolventchemistry.chemical_compoundHildebrand solubility parameterchemistryVolume (thermodynamics)Density of gasesEquations of stateParameter estimationSolubilitySupercritical fluidsTernary operationCarbon monoxide
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Phospholipid-polyaspartamide micelles for pulmonary delivery of corticosteroids

2011

A novel drug delivery system for beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) has been constructed through self-assembly of a pegylated phospholipid-polyaminoacid conjugate. This copolymer was obtained by chemical reaction of α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-DL-aspartamide (PHEA) with 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[amino(polyethyleneglycol)2000] (DSPE-PEG(2000)-NH(2)). Benefiting from the amphiphilic structure with the hydrophilic shell based on both PHEA and PEG and many hydrophobic stearoyl tails, PHEA-PEG(2000)-DSPE copolymer was able to self assemble into micelles in aqueous media above a concentration of 1.23 × 10(-7)M, determined by fluorescence studies. During the self-assembling …

ErythrocytesBiocompatibilityCell SurvivalDrug CompoundingDrug StorageALPHABETA-Poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-dl- aspartamide (PHEA) 12-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[amino(polyethyleneglycol)2000](DSPE-PEG2000-NH2) Polymeric micelles Drug delivery Beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) Pulmonary diseasesPhospholipidPharmaceutical Science[object Object]HemolysisMicelleCell LinePolyethylene Glycolschemistry.chemical_compoundDrug StabilityAmphiphilePEG ratioPulmonary diseasesHumans?Beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP)Particle SizeLungMicellesDrug CarriersChromatographyAqueous solutionMolecular StructureChemistryPhosphatidylethanolaminesBeclomethasonetechnology industry and agriculture?-Poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-dl-aspartamide (PHEA)Spectrometry FluorescenceSolubilitySettore CHIM/09 - Farmaceutico Tecnologico ApplicativoDrug deliveryDrug deliveryPolymeric micellesNanocarriersPeptidesHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsNuclear chemistry
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