Search results for "Sound"

showing 10 items of 1845 documents

Diagnosis of Liver Cirrhosis

2005

Background/goals Liver cirrhosis, the final stage of chronic liver disease, is characterized by an unfavorable prognosis and an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and also requires an appropriate management. Laparoscopy, the gold standard in the diagnosis of cirrhosis, is hampered by its invasiveness. Therefore, a noninvasive method for diagnosing liver cirrhosis would be of great benefit. Study A consecutive series of 100 patients, sent to our gastroenterological unit for diagnostic laparoscopy, underwent a standardized ultrasonographic examination prior to laparoscopy. Results Conventional ultrasonographic examination revealed a sensitivity of 55% and a specificity of 86% in the d…

AdultLiver CirrhosisMalemedicine.medical_specialtyCirrhosisChronic liver diseaseSensitivity and SpecificityGastroenterologyInternal medicineHumansMedicineStage (cooking)LaparoscopyAgedUltrasonographyAged 80 and overChi-Square Distributionmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryUltrasoundGastroenterologyGold standard (test)Middle Agedmedicine.diseaseEndoscopyHepatocellular carcinomaFemaleLaparoscopyRadiologybusinessJournal of Clinical Gastroenterology
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Steatosis affects the performance of liver stiffness measurement for fibrosis assessment in patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C.

2014

Background & Aims: In Chronic Hepatitis C (CHC), the influence of steatosis on liver stiffness measurement (LSM) is still debated. We assessed the impact of steatosis and its ultrasonographical sign – bright liver echo pattern (BLEP) – on LSM values and on transient elastography (TE) accuracy for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis, in a cohort of consecutive patients with Genotype 1 (G1) CHC. Methods: Patients (n = 618) were assessed by clinical, ultrasonographic and histological (Scheuer score) features. TE was performed using the M probe. Results: Male gender (p = 0.04), steatosis as continuous variable (p <0.001), severity of necroinflammation (p = 0.02) and stage of fibrosis (p <0.001) wer…

AdultLiver CirrhosisMalemedicine.medical_specialtyCirrhosisGenotypeBiopsyComorbidityHepacivirusSettore MED/08 - Anatomia PatologicaGastroenterologySensitivity and SpecificitySeverity of Illness IndexCohort StudiesFibrosisInternal medicineUltrasoundmedicineHumansNon-invasiveEvaluationAgedRetrospective StudiesUltrasonographySettore MED/12 - GastroenterologiaCirrhosiHepatologymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryFatty liverHepatitis CHepatitis C ChronicMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseElasticityFatty LiverLiverLiver biopsyCohortFibroscan®Cirrhosis; Evaluation; Fibroscan®; Non-invasive; UltrasoundFemaleSteatosisbusinessTransient elastographyJournal of hepatology
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The added diagnostic value of 64-row multidetector CT combined with contrast-enhanced US in the evaluation of hepatocellular nodule vascularity: impl…

2009

The aim of this study was to assess the added diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) combined with 64-row multidetector CT (CT) in the assessment of hepatocellular nodule vascularity in patients with liver cirrhosis. One hundred and six cirrhotic patients (68 male, 38 female; mean age +/- SD, 70 +/- 7 years) with 121 biopsy-proven hepatocellular nodules (72 hepatocellular carcinomas, 10 dysplastic and 15 regenerative nodules, 12 hemangiomas, and 12 other benignancies) detected during US surveillance were prospectively recruited. Each nodule was scanned by CEUS during the arterial (10-40 s), portal venous (45-90 s), and delayed sinusoidal phase (from 100 s after microbubble injectio…

AdultLiver CirrhosisMalemedicine.medical_specialtyMicrobubble contrast agentCirrhosisCarcinoma HepatocellularBiopsyContrast MediaLiver; Ultrasound; Microbubble contrast agent; CTMalignancyVascularityBiopsyUltrasoundhepatocellular nodule vascularitymedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingProspective StudiesNeuroradiologyAgedUltrasonographyAged 80 and overMicrobubblesmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryLiver NeoplasmsInterventional radiologyNodule (medicine)General MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseLiverHepatocellular carcinomaFemaleRadiologymedicine.symptombusinessCTEuropean radiology
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Ultrasound detection of abdominal lymph nodes in chronic liver diseases. A retrospective analysis

2003

Aim: To retrospectively evaluate the prevalence of lymph nodes of the hepato-duodenal ligament in a group of patients with chronic liver disease of various aetiologies and to investigate what clinical, aetiological and laboratory data may lead to their appearance. Materials and methods: One thousand and three patients (554 men, 449 women) were studied, including 557 with chronic hepatitis and 446 with liver cirrhosis. The presence of lymph nodes near the trunk of the portal vein, hepatic artery, celiac axis, superior mesenteric vein and pancreas head was investigated using ultrasound. Results: Lymph nodes were detected in 394 out of the 1003 study patients (39.3%); their number ranged from …

AdultLiver CirrhosisMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPathologyRadiology Nuclear Medicine and ImagingCirrhosisAbdominal lymph nodeAutoimmune hepatitisAutoimmune hepatitiChronic liver diseaseGastroenterologyHepatitisLiver diseasePrimary biliary cirrhosisLiver Function TestsInternal medicineAbdomenUltrasoundmedicineHumansLiver Diseases AlcoholicLymphatic DiseasesLymph nodeAgedRetrospective StudiesUltrasonographyHepatitisbusiness.industryLiver DiseasesChronic liver diseaseGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasemedicine.anatomical_structureOncologyChronic DiseaseFemaleHemochromatosisLymph NodesLymphbusiness
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Diagnostic value of MR-based texture analysis for the assessment of hepatic fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

2019

PurposeTo investigate the performance of MR-based texture analysis (TA) for the assessment of hepatic fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).MethodsFifty-four adult patients (33 females, 21 males, mean age 49.813.5years) with biopsy-proven NAFLD were enrolled and underwent MR imaging on a 1.5T system. TA parameters were extracted on axial noncontrast 3D-GRE T1W images (slice thickness=4.6mm) using a commercially available research software (TexRAD). Receiver operating curves (ROC), areas under the ROC (AUROC) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to assess the accuracy of each TA parameter for the diagnosis of significant (F2) and advanced fibrosis (F…

AdultLiver CirrhosisMalemedicine.medical_specialtyUrologyGastroenterology030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesImaging Three-Dimensional0302 clinical medicineNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseFibrosisInternal medicineImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedNonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseHumansNonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseMedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingIn patientTexture analysiAgedRetrospective StudiesRank correlationRadiological and Ultrasound Technologymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryGastroenterologyMagnetic resonance imagingMiddle AgedHepatologymedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingConfidence intervalLiverMagnetic resonance030220 oncology & carcinogenesisElasticity Imaging TechniquesFemaleSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiabusinessHepatic fibrosisHepatic fibrosisSoftwareAbdominal Radiology
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Analysis of different contrast enhancement patterns after microbubble-based contrast agent injection in liver hemangiomas with atypical appearance on…

2006

BACKGROUND: We describe different possible enhancement patterns in liver hemangiomas with atypical appearance on baseline ultrasound after microbubble-based contrast agent injection. METHODS: From a series of 253 consecutive lesions that were indeterminate on baseline ultrasound and then scanned after injection of air-filled microbubble contrast agent, 65 focal liver lesions were retrospectively selected on the basis of a diagnosis of liver hemangioma on multiphase contrast-enhanced computed tomography (n = 23), magnetic resonance imaging (n = 27), or histology (n = 15). Each lesion was scanned during arterial phase (30 s after microbubble injection) and late phase (5 min after injection). …

AdultLiver CirrhosisMalemedicine.medical_specialtyUrologyLiver CirrhosiContrast MediaLesionAngiomaPolysaccharidesInternal medicinemedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingAgedUltrasonographyMicrobubblesRadiological and Ultrasound Technologymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryLiver NeoplasmsUltrasoundGastroenterologyMagnetic resonance imagingHistologyGeneral MedicineultrasonographyMiddle AgedHepatologymedicine.diseaseImage EnhancementHemangioma; ultrasonography; Image Enhancement; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Neoplasms; MicrobubblesLiver NeoplasmLiver HemangiomaMicrobubblesFemaleRadiologymedicine.symptombusinessNuclear medicineHemangioma
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Focal airtrapping at expiratory high-resolution CT: comparison with pulmonary function tests

2000

This study was undertaken to determine prevalence, extent, and severity of focal airtrapping at expiratory high-resolution CT, and to compare focal airtrapping with age, gender, pulmonary function tests, and blood gas analysis. Two-hundred seventeen patients with and without pulmonary disease underwent paired inspiratory/expiratory high-resolution CT. Six scan pairs with corresponding scan levels were visually assessed for focal – not diffuse – airtrapping using a four-point scale. Pulmonary function tests and blood gas analysis were available for correlation in all patients (mean interval 5 days). Focal airtrapping with lower lung predominance was observed in 80 % of patients. Twenty-six o…

AdultLung DiseasesMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentHigh resolutionSeverity of Illness IndexPulmonary function testingHumansMedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingLung volumesProspective StudiesAgedNeuroradiologyAged 80 and overLungbusiness.industryRespirationUltrasoundGeneral MedicineNormal lung functionMiddle AgedRespiratory Function TestsLung densitymedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleRadiologyBlood Gas AnalysisArtifactsTomography X-Ray ComputedbusinessEuropean Radiology
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B-Lines for the assessment of extravascular lung water: Just focused or semi-quantitative?

2020

BACKGROUND B-lines as typical artefacts of lung ultrasound are considered as surrogate measurement for extravascular lung water. However, B-lines develop in the sub-pleural space and do not allow assessment of the whole lung. Here, we present data from the first observational multi-centre study focusing on the correlation between a B-lines score and extravascular lung water in critically ill patients suffering from a variety of diseases. PATIENTS AND METHODS In 184 adult patients, 443 measurements were obtained. B-lines were counted and expressed in a score which was compared to extravascular lung water, measured by single-indicator transpulmonary thermodilution. Appropriate correlation coe…

AdultLung DiseasesMalemedicine.medical_specialtyOxygenation indexCritical IllnessThermodilutionSensitivity and Specificity03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineInternal medicinemedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineProspective StudiesLungAgedUltrasonographyAged 80 and overLungReceiver operating characteristicCritically illbusiness.industry030208 emergency & critical care medicineGeneral MedicineOxygenationMiddle Agedrespiratory tract diseasesLung ultrasoundAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineLung watermedicine.anatomical_structureExtravascular Lung WaterCardiologyFemalebusinessSemi quantitativeActa anaesthesiologica ScandinavicaREFERENCES
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Probabilistic liver atlas construction

2017

Background Anatomical atlases are 3D volumes or shapes representing an organ or structure of the human body. They contain either the prototypical shape of the object of interest together with other shapes representing its statistical variations (statistical atlas) or a probability map of belonging to the object (probabilistic atlas). Probabilistic atlases are mostly built with simple estimations only involving the data at each spatial location. Results A new method for probabilistic atlas construction that uses a generalized linear model is proposed. This method aims to improve the estimation of the probability to be covered by the liver. Furthermore, all methods to build an atlas involve p…

AdultMaleAdolescentPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsComputer scienceStatistics as TopicBiomedical EngineeringGeneralized linear modelcomputer.software_genre030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingBiomaterials03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSimple (abstract algebra)Coregistration methodImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingProbabilistic atlasAgedProbabilityAged 80 and overRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryAtlas (topology)ResearchProbabilistic logicPattern recognitionGeneral MedicineProbabilistic atlasMiddle AgedObject (computer science)Magnetic Resonance ImagingAnatomical atlasAtlas variabilityLiver030220 oncology & carcinogenesisAnatomical atlasFemaleArtificial intelligenceData miningbusinesscomputerAlgorithmsBioMedical Engineering OnLine
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In-vivo investigation of material quality of bone tissue by measuring apparent phalangeal ultrasound transmission velocity

1995

The square of ultrasound transmission velocity in a material is related to the modulus of elasticity, which is known to be an indicator of stability in bone. The aim of our study was to use ultrasound transmission velocity to obtain information about the material properties of bone tissue, keeping other factors possibly influencing ultrasound transmission as constant as possible. Apparent phalangeal ultrasound transmission velocity (APU) measured in 54 isolated, fresh pig phalanges was shown to be independent of bone mineral density (BMD) measured by SPA. Fastest sound transmission led exclusively through cortical bone so that intertrabecular connectivity in spongious bone could not influen…

AdultMaleAdolescentSwineMiddle fingerBone tissueBone and BonesFingersMetacarpophalangeal JointRheumatologyBone DensityIn vivomedicineAnimalsHumansOsteoporosis PostmenopausalAgedUltrasonographyAged 80 and overBone mineralbusiness.industryUltrasoundAge FactorsReproducibility of ResultsGeneral MedicineAnatomyMiddle AgedPhalanxElasticitymedicine.anatomical_structureMaterial qualityFemaleCortical boneNuclear medicinebusinessClinical Rheumatology
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