Search results for "Sounds"
showing 10 items of 106 documents
A specific picture of speech disturbances in Polish speaking patients with mixed dysarthria in multiple sclerosis (MS) and in Wilson's disease (WD)
2014
The aim of this paper is to compare a specific picture of speech disturbances in Polish-speaking patients with mixed dysarthria in multiple sclerosis (MS), and in Wilson’s disease (WD). We selected for the experiment 20 persons with dysarthria of different origin: 10 persons with dysarthria in multiple sclerosis (MS), and 10 persons with dysarthria in Wilson’s disease (WD). The compared groups were similar in age and the severity of the dysarthria. Patients read 11 words containing selected Polish sounds distinguished according to the manner of articulation. The results were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed (using a non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test). The picture of speech product…
Music in the Dark: Soundscapes in Christiane Ritter’s A Woman in The Polar Night
2020
In A Woman in the Polar Night (Eine Frau erlebt die Polarnacht, 1938), Christiane Ritter, a well-to-do Austrian housewife, describes her experience as the first central European woman to overwinter on Svalbard (1934–35). Ritter’s prose is extraordinary in its lyrical simplicity, and in German editions the text is interspersed with her paintings of the scenes that at first were so alien and changing, yet became so familiar and loved.
 Although stationed on the north coast of Svalbard with minimal human contact and without any recourse to the music with which Ritter had been surrounded in Austria, A Woman in the Polar Night is a text that is full of references to sound, natural sounds th…
Detrimental noise effects on brain's speech functions.
2009
Background noise has become part of our everyday life in modern societies. Its presence affects both the ability to concentrate and communicate. Some individuals, like children, the elderly, and non-native speakers have pronounced problems in noisy environments. Here we review evidence suggesting that background noise has both transient and Sustained detrimental effects on central speech processing. Studies on the effects of noise on neural processes have demonstrated hemispheric reorganization in speech processing in adult individuals during background noise. During noise, the well-known left hemisphere dominance in speech discrimination became right hemisphere preponderant. Furthermore, l…
Should Reinke edema be considered a contributing factor to post-extubation failure?
2015
We read with interest the recently published review in Critical Care about post-extubation laryngeal edema and stridor by Pluijms et al. [1]. The review considers in detail the risk factors for post-extubation respiratory failure and describes a post-extubation algorithm for its prevention and reduction. We recently published a case report describing the occurrence of post-extubation stridor leading to post-extubation respiratory failure in a woman with a previously undiagnosed Reinke edema (RE) [2]. RE is a progressive laryngeal soft-tissue swelling. The condition typically manifests in female gender as hoarseness and as a gradually deepening voice in patients with a history of smoking, vo…
Refractory Death Rattle: Deep Aspiration Facilitates the Effects of Antisecretory Agents
2011
Anticholinergic drugs, including atropine, hyoscine butylbromide, and scopolamine, have been shown to be equally effective in the treatment of death rattle. However, anticholinergic drugs may only be effective in reducing the production of further secretions, rather than eliminating the existing ones. A case is described in which a preventive procedure was undertaken to carefully eliminate secretions before starting anticholinergic drugs. Airway aspiration under light anesthesia removed secretions before starting anticholinergic drugs. Low doses of propofol were given intravenously to make a laryngoscopy feasible, allowing the complete aspiration of large amounts of tracheal secretions. No …
Separating mismatch negativity (MMN) from obligatory brain responses for speech and non-speech sounds in school-aged children
2010
Auditory Training in Deaf Children
2010
Deaf children are, earlier than in the past, identified and can benefit of new and highperformance devices (as cochlear implants or digital hearing aids). However, a great variability in their spoken language skills is observed (12) and first attributable to the well-known effect of the age of auditory rehabilitation (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22). The second assessment concerns the way speech disorders are treated: new technologies are not linked to any change in the way speech therapy is delivered, particularly in the field of auditory training. Auditory training constitutes an important part of the speech therapy addressed to the deaf children and must start as soon as possible. The go…
Auditory evoked potentials to changes in speech sound duration in anesthetized mice
2018
AbstractElectrophysiological response termed mismatch negativity (MMN) indexes auditory change detection in humans. An analogous response, called the mismatch response (MMR), is also elicited in animals. Mismatch response has been widely utilized in investigations of change detection in human speech sounds in rats and guinea pigs, but not in mice. Since e.g. transgenic mouse models provide important advantages for further studies, we studied processing of speech sounds in anesthetized mice. Auditory evoked potentials were recorded from the dura above the auditory cortex to changes in duration of a human speech sound /a/. In oddball stimulus condition, the MMR was elicited at 53-259 ms laten…
Mismatch negativity (MMN) elicited by changes in phoneme length: A cross-linguistic study
2006
Speech sounds representing different phonetic categories are typically easier to discriminate than sounds belonging to the same category. This phenomenon is referred to as the phoneme boundary effect. We aimed to determine whether, at neural level, this effect is indeed due to crossing the phoneme boundary. The mismatch negativity (MMN) brain response was measured for across- and within-category changes in Finnish phoneme length in native speakers and second-language users of Finnish as well as non-Finnish-speaking subjects. The results showed that the MMN amplitude was enhanced in the native speakers in comparison with the two non-native groups which, in turn, did not differ from each othe…
Ultrasound observation of tissue fluid infiltration causing stridor in a woman undergoing shoulder arthroscopy
2012
Respiratory stridor developed rapidly during an interscalene brachial plexus block for shoulder arthroscopy in an obese woman. Extensive cervicothoracic edema due to tissue diffusion of the arthroscopic fluid was suspected. The outcome of patient after conservative management was satisfactory. We give a brief review of how this complication develops, the ultrasound findings, and briefly discuss similar cases.