Search results for "Spacetime"

showing 10 items of 159 documents

Diffusive Modeling of Aggradation and Degradation in Artificial Channels

2008

The unsteady flow and solid transport simulation problem in artificial channels is solved using a three-equation model, coupled with a local erosion law. The three equations are the water mass and momentum balance equations, as well as the total solid load balance equation. It is shown that even during severe hydrological events inertial terms can be neglected in the momentum equation without any substantial change in the solution sought. Empirical equilibrium formulas were used to estimate the solid load as a function of the flow variables. Local erosion, due to the scour generated at the jump between two channels connected at different bottom elevations, was estimated adapting a literatur…

Inertial frame of referenceSpacetimeMechanical EngineeringFunction (mathematics)MechanicsSettore ICAR/01 - IdraulicaOpen-channel flowFlow (mathematics)JumpGeotechnical engineeringDiffusion (business)sediment transport shallow waters solid load unsteady flow numerical models local scourSediment transportWater Science and TechnologyCivil and Structural EngineeringMathematicsJournal of Hydraulic Engineering
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Numerical study of the Kerr solution in rotating coordinates

2016

International audience; The Kerr solution in coordinates corotating with the horizon is studied as a testbed for a spacetime with a helical Killing vector in the Ernst picture. The solution is numerically constructed by solving the Ernst equation with a spectral method and a Newton iteration. We discuss convergence of the iteration for several initial iterates and different values of the Kerr parameters.

Kerr metricReduced wave-equationFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyBinary-systemsRelativitysymbols.namesakeKilling vector fieldGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyTheory of relativity0103 physical sciencesBoundary-conditionsBoundary value problemSpectral method010306 general physicsNewton's method[ SDU.ASTR ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Physics[PHYS]Physics [physics][ PHYS ] Physics [physics]Spacetime[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]010308 nuclear & particles physicsClassical mechanicsIterated function[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]symbolsSpectral method[ SDU ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]
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Symmetries and Covariance of the Maxwell Equations

2012

Already within a given, fixed division of four-dimensional spacetime into the space where experiments are performed, and the laboratory time variable, Maxwell’s equations show interesting transformation properties under continuous and discrete space-time transformations. However, only the action of the whole Lorentz group on them reveals their full symmetry structure. A good example that illustrates the covariance of Maxwell’s equations is provided by the electromagnetic fields of a point charge uniformly moving along a straight line.

Lorentz groupElectromagnetic fieldPhysicssymbols.namesakeMathematical optimizationClassical mechanicsSpacetimeMaxwell's equationssymbolsInhomogeneous electromagnetic wave equationMaxwell relationsLorentz forceAction (physics)
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M-theory, graphene-branes and superconducting wormholes

2017

Exploiting an M-brane system whose structure and symmetries are inspired by those of graphene (what we call a graphene-brane), we propose here a similitude between two layers of graphene joined by a nanotube and wormholes scenarios in the brane world. By using the symmetries and mathematical properties of the M-brane system, we show here how to possibly increase its conductivity, to the point of making it as a superconductor. The questions of whether and under which condition this might point to the corresponding real graphene structures becoming superconducting are briefly outlined.

M-theoryPhysicsSuperconductivityQuantum field theory in curved spacetimePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Condensed matter physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsGraphene01 natural sciencesSimilitudelaw.inventionTheoretical physicslaw0103 physical sciencesHomogeneous spaceBrane cosmologyWormhole010306 general physicsInternational Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics
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A new general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics code for dynamical spacetimes

2008

We present a new numerical code which solves the general relativistic magneto-hydrodynamics (GRMHD) equations coupled to the Einstein equations for the evolution of a dynamical spacetime within the conformally-flat approximation. This code has been developed with the main objective of studying astrophysical scenarios in which both, high magnetic fields and strong gravitational fields appear, such as the magneto-rotational collapse of stellar cores, the collapsar model of GRBs, and the evolution of neutron stars. The code is based on an existing and thoroughly tested purely hydrodynamics code and on its extension to accommodate weakly magnetized fluids (passive magnetic field approximation).…

Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesConformal mapAstrophysicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)AstrophysicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyRelativityGravitational fieldUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogonia::GravitaciónPhysicsnumerical [Methods]SpacetimeSolenoidal vector fieldGravitation; Hydrodynamics; Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); Methods : numerical; Relativity; Stars : supernovae : generalsupernovae : general [Stars]Astrophysics (astro-ph)Astronomy and Astrophysics:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogonia::Gravitación [UNESCO]Magnetic fieldNeutron starClassical mechanicsSpace and Planetary ScienceHydrodynamicsCircular symmetryMagnetohydrodynamicsUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogonia::EstrellasGravitation:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogonia::Estrellas [UNESCO]
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Across space and time : infants learn from backward and forward visual statistics

2016

International audience; This study investigates whether infants are sensitive to backward and forward transitional probabilities within temporal and spatial visual streams. Two groups of 8-month-old infants were familiarized with an artificial grammar of shapes, comprising backward and forward base pairs (i.e. two shapes linked by strong backward or forward transitional probability) and part-pairs (i.e. two shapes with weak transitional probabilities in both directions). One group viewed the continuous visual stream as a temporal sequence, while the other group viewed the same stream as a spatial array. Following familiarization, infants looked longer at test trials containing part-pairs th…

MaleTime perspectiveTime FactorsVisual perceptionspatial visual streamsCognitive NeuroscienceSpatial abilityVisual input[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology[ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/PsychologyArticle050105 experimental psychologypsyc[ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/PsychologyChild DevelopmentDevelopmental and Educational PsychologyHumansLearning0501 psychology and cognitive sciences10. No inequalityProbabilityAnalysis of VarianceSequenceCommunicationSpacetimeStatistical learningbusiness.industryExtramural05 social sciencesAge FactorsInfantPattern recognitionsensitivityTemporal sequencesSpace PerceptionTime Perception[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/PsychologyVisual PerceptionFemaleArtificial intelligencePsychologybusinessPhotic Stimulation050104 developmental & child psychology
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Speaking from above and below -The Gospel of John as metaphorical and narrative reference to a distant reality

2018

The one who is from the earth belongs to the earth and speaks from the earth (Jn 3:31). How can one speak from the earth and at the same time about heavenly things? The Fourth Gospel (FG) creates a tension between these two realms of perception and cognition. To reach beyond or above the earth we have to transcend time and space, our individual context and limited visual horizon. To overcome the obstacle of confined space we can rely on metaphors since their key faculty is to transport (μετα-φέρω). To transcend the limitations of time we can recruit the genre of narration. These two modes of references to a reality that is located and dated beyond our realms are at work in the FG. With Rico…

Metaphors and NarrativesHistorySpacetimeHorizon (archaeology)media_common.quotation_subjectGospelContext (language use)Key (music)Gospel of JohnAbove and BelowAestheticsPerceptionObstaclePaul RicoeurNarrativeSpace and Timemedia_common
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A teaching proposal for the didactics of Special Relativity: the spacetime globe

2022

Abstract Special Relativity introduces students to Modern Physics, whose importance in the high school is increasing. Nevertheless its teaching and learning is a critical issue. Different solutions have been developed to overcome the encountered difficulties. In this paper we describe the spacetime globe, a mechanical instrument that allows to experience Special Relativity hands-on. We show how it is possible to treat all the main phenomena foreseen by Special Relativity with simple laboratory experiences, using the idea of Minkowski’s spacetime diagrams. The aim is to develop the use of geometrical approach in learning Special Relativity in high schools.

Minkowski’s diagramSpecial RelativityEinsteinian physics educationSettore FIS/08 - Didattica E Storia Della Fisicasecondary educationEinstein; Einsteinian physics education; Minkowski's diagrams; secondary education; spacetime; Special RelativityGeneral Physics and AstronomyEinsteinMinkowski's diagramsspacetimeEducation
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The Peregrine soliton in nonlinear fibre optics

2010

International audience; The Peregrine soliton is a localized nonlinear structure predicted to exist over 25 years ago, but not so far experimentally observed in any physical system. It is of fundamental significance because it is localized in both time and space, and because it defines the limit of a wide class of solutions to the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE). Here, we use an analytic description of NLSE breather propagation to implement experiments in optical fibre generating femtosecond pulses with strong temporal and spatial localization, and near-ideal temporal Peregrine soliton characteristics. In showing that Peregrine soliton characteristics appear with initial conditions th…

Optical fiberGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionOpticsNonlinear fibre optics[NLIN.NLIN-PS]Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS]law0103 physical sciences[ NLIN.NLIN-PS ] Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS]Rogue wave010306 general physicsNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Spacetimebusiness.industryOptical physicsOptical rogue wavesClassical mechanicsNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsFemtosecondPeregrine solitonbusiness
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Theory overview of Heavy Ion collisions

2016

This presentation discusses some recently active topics in the theoretical interpretation of high energy heavy ion collisions at the LHC and at RHIC. We argue that the standard paradigm for understanding the spacetime evolution of the bulk of the matter produced in the collision is provided by viscous relativistic hydrodynamics, which can be used to systematically extract properties of the QCD medium from experimental results. The initial conditions of this hydrodynamical evolution are increasingly well understood in terms of gluon saturation, and can be quantified using Classical Yang-Mills fields and QCD effective kinetic theory. Hard and electromagnetic probes of the plasma provide addit…

Particle physicsNuclear Theorynucleus nucleusNuclear TheoryFOS: Physical sciencesNuclear Theory (nucl-th)Nuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)quantum chromodynamicsboundary conditionsYang-Millsheavy ionsNuclear ExperimentBrookhaven RHIC CollplasmaQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsenergiaLarge Hadron ColliderSpacetimesaturationscatteringviskositeettiPlasmaCollisionGluonHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenologyelectromagneticsspace-timekineticsQuark–gluon plasmaKinetic theory of gasesp nucleushydrodynamiikka
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