Search results for "Spalla"
showing 10 items of 62 documents
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the polychaete Sabella spallanzanii, as a reliable bioindicator, by GCMS
2012
Every year 230.000 tons of PAHs enter the marine environment, resulting ubiquitously distributed worldwide. These compounds are aromatic molecules of special concern because of their toxic and carcinogenic properties. As a consequence of their hydrophobic nature, in aquatic environments, PAHs rapidly tend to associate with particulate matter and sediments represent the most important reservoir. In the present study the level of PAHs in the sessile filter-feeder polychaete Sabella spallanzanii was assessed. In particular, the concentration of PAHs was determined in polychaetes (body and tube) collected from three Sicilian areas, subject to different anthropic pressure. A transplanting experi…
Gamma Ray Spectrum from Thermal Neutron Capture on Gadolinium-157
2018
International audience; We have measured the |$\gamma$|-ray energy spectrum from the thermal neutron capture, |${}^{157}$|Gd|$(n,\gamma)$|, on an enriched |$^{157}$|Gd target (Gd|$_{2}$|O|$_{3}$|) in the energy range from 0.11 MeV up to about 8 MeV. The target was placed inside the germanium spectrometer of the ANNRI detector at J-PARC and exposed to a neutron beam from the Japan Spallation Neutron Source (JSNS). Radioactive sources (|$^{60}$|Co, |$^{137}$|Cs, and |$^{152}$|Eu) and the |$^{35}$|Cl(|$n$|,|$\gamma$|) reaction were used to determine the spectrometer‘s detection efficiency for |$\gamma$| rays at energies from 0.3 to 8.5 MeV. Using a Geant4-based Monte Carlo simulation of …
Internal geometry and coolant choices for solid high power neutron spallation targets
2014
Abstract The next generation of neutron spallation sources envisages high power proton beam interaction with a heavy metal target. Solid targets have potentially higher spallation efficiency due to the possibility to use metals with higher density than used in liquid metal targets, but to realize this potential the solid fraction must be high enough. As the power released in the form of heat can reach several MW in the target volume of typically 10 l, target cooling can be a serious challenge. Heat evacuation efficiency for different solid fraction geometries at high power is analyzed for different coolant options (helium, water and gallium) using empirical correlations for friction factors…
Frontiers of Heavy - Ion Physics and Superheavy Elements
2003
This contribution will focus on three topics of GSI nuclear structure research: super heavy elements, direct mass measurements in the storage ring, and the measurement of spallation cross section in reversed kinematics. The GSI project for an extended synchrotron facility will be outlined.
Reactor antineutrino detection in Double Chooz experiment: Techniques for background reduction
2014
Abstract A crucial task for the Double Chooz reactor antineutrino experiment is the thorough study of the different backgrounds in the detector. Newly developed background reduction techniques minimize the impact of the backgrounds on our sensitivity. Moreover, only a precision and accuracy measurement of the residual background would allow to measure the mixing angle θ 13 with high precision. Neutrino coincidence signals are imitated by signals produced in several others physics processes: accidental coincidences of single events (accidental background), as well as correlated events induced by cosmic muons, including stopping muons, fast neutrons and spallation isotopes Li 9 /He 8 . The Do…
β-decay half-life of70Kr: A bridge nuclide for therpprocess beyondA=70
2000
The -decay half-life of 70 Kr has been measured for the first time at the ISOLDE PSB Facility at CERN. Mass separated 70 Kr ions were produced by 1 GeV proton induced spallation reactions in a Nb foil. The measured half-life is 57(21) ms. This value is consistent with the half-life calculated assuming a pure Fermi decay, but is clearly lower than the value used in a recent rp-process reaction flow calculation. The result shows that the reaction flow via two-proton-capture of 68 Se is 2.5 times faster than previously calculated assuming an astrophysical temperature of 1.5 GK and a density of 10 6 g/cm 3 .
New neutron-rich isotopes of astatine and bismuth
1989
Neutron-rich isotopes of astatine have been produced through spallation reactions with 600 MeV protons on a232Th target and identified by spectroscopic techniques combined with one-line mass separation at the ISOLDE facility. The half-lives of218At and219At have been remeasured to be 1.5(3) s and 57(4) s, respectively. Four new isotopes of astatine,220−223At, have been observed for the first time, and their half-lives were found to be 3.73(13) min, 2.3(2) min, 54(10) s, and 50(7) s, respectively. Another nuclide,216Bi, has been observed for the first time as the daughter product of the220At alpha decay, and its half-life has been measured to be 6.6(21) min.
Probing neutrino magnetic moments at the Spallation Neutron Source facility
2015
24 pages.- 8 figures
Large solid-angle polarisation analysis at thermal neutron wavelengths using a 3He spin filter
2002
Abstract The strongly spin-dependent absorption of neutrons in nuclear spin-polarised 3 He opens up the possibility of polarising neutrons from reactors and spallation sources over the full kinematical range of cold, thermal and hot neutrons. In this paper we describe the first large solid-angle polarisation analysis measurement using a 3 He neutron spin filter at thermal neutron wavelengths ( λ =2.5 A). This experiment was performed on the two-axis diffractometer D1B at the Institut Laue-Langevin using a banana-shaped filter cell (530 cm 3 ) filled with 3 He gas with a polarisation of P =52% at a pressure of 2.7 bar. A comparison is made with a previous measurement on D7 using a cold neutr…
The new neutron-rich nuclei231Fr and231Ra
1985
The new neutron-rich isotope231Fr has been produced in a spallation reaction of238U induced by 600 MeV protons and identified by mass-separation and decay spectroscopy. In addition, the so far unknown231Ra and the known231Ac have been observed as daughter products. The Z-assignments were performed via the decay of KX-rays, and genetic relationships. Half-lives of 17.5(8) s and 103(3) s were obtained for231Fr and231Ra, respectively.