Search results for "Spanish Civil War"
showing 10 items of 163 documents
The Lutheran and Roman Catholic Churches in Latvia
2021
Before World War II Latvia had several strong traditional religious communities: Lutheran, Roman Catholic, Baptist, Russian Old Believers and Orthodox. After the war, the Soviet regime extended the persecution of these communities eliminating the most disobedient clergymen and church members. The property of religious groups was nationalized, and many parishes were abolished. Even after the repressions, religious communities continued to be active. However, to preserve their faith, they had to seek compromises with the Soviet regime, including with the KGB. The chapter focuses on the two main Christian churches in Latvia, the Roman Catholic Church and the Evangelical Lutheran Church, explai…
Paradojas de la historia, paradojas de la historiografía. Las peripecias del fascismo español
2001
The author argues here the importance of avoiding the paradigm of backwardness in analyzing the evolution and vicissitudes of Spanish fascism. Like in other European countries, the fin-de-siècle cultural crisis saw the emergence of a new nationalist political culture, which would deeply influence Spanish fascism in the future. After the failure of the fascist movement during the Second Republic, explicable fundamentally in political terms, there followed its conversion into a mass party during the Civil War and its immediate subordination to the State, to which it nonetheless represented a fundamental support. Franco’s regime, as a fascistic —not fascist— dictatorship, may be seen as a pecu…
The lost mother tongue : An interview study with Finnish war children
2015
This article presents the third study of an interview investigation concerning 10 Finnish war children who were evacuated during the World War II to Sweden and who did not return to live in Finland after the war. The focus is on how they remembered or did not remember their early experiences of displacement and on how they expressed thoughts about their childhood and their adult life. We found that all of them as adults still bore signs of trauma. The younger the children were at the time of the evacuation, the more difficult or even impossible it was for them to think or fantasize about the past. It was consequently not possible for them to work through their experiences of loneliness, abs…
La nación contra el fascismo: PSOE y SFIO, 1933-1936
2020
Este artículo propone un estudio del antifascismo socialista en España. Al respecto, se apuesta por situar la nación como referente cultural y político en el centro del análisis, y aplicar una perspectiva comparada con el caso de Francia. Dicho análisis se plantea para el período inmediatamente anterior a la Guerra Civil en España y toma como principal fuente a la prensa socialista.El artículo se desarrolla en dos grandes bloques, con la Revolución de Octubre de 1934 como hito. A partir de entonces emergió en el seno del PSOE un enfrentamiento por el control de la organización. El artículo se centra en el estudio de la corriente caballerista, considerada el ala izquierdista, a la cual se co…
Introduction to Part V
2018
The shock of defeat at the end of the First World War left many German academics dumbfounded and numb. Even Hilbert, an outspoken internationalist, was deeply disillusioned by the chaos and instability that plagued the early Weimar years. Already during the war, political differences widened the gulf that had already formed within the Gottingen Philosophical Faculty, whose conservative members felt they were constantly being provoked by the “Hilbert faction.” The controversy over Emmy Noether’s candidacy to habilitate in 1915, mentioned in the introduction to Part IV, was only one of many such instances. Others were even more serious, as when Hilbert and his pacifist friends were accused of…
Kiedy sacrum sprofanowano, czyli sanktuarium św. Anny w czasie II wojny światowej
2017
WHEN SACRUM WAS DESECRATED, THAT IS ST. ANNA’S SANCTUARY DURING SECOND WORLD WARThe Anastazy Piotr Polanko’s monograph “The Franciscans in Annaberg during second World War” is anew publication concerning the history of the Annaberg’s cloister just before the2nd World War and during the war. It has been published by St. Antony’s Franciscan Publisher in 2013. It was elaborated on the basis of archives of Annaberg’s Franciscan cloister. The author had to make an effort to translate the remaining documents from German. In his book he presents biographies of friars who lived in the cloister during first years of war, their ministry work with number of statistics regarding trips, sermons, retreat…
The lifelong struggle of Finnish World War II veterans.
2014
Objectives: In many countries veterans from World War II are growing old. Research has shown that war experiences continue to impact those who have been involved in war for a long time. The present study targets old injured war veterans from World War II in Finland. The aim of this study was to produce knowledge of the impact of war experiences and injuries on the lifespan of Finnish war veterans.Method: The method used was grounded theory. Data were collected by interviewing 20 aged war veterans in their homes.Results: The analysis resulted in four categories, with also subcategories: (1) lost childhood and youth; (2) war traumas impacting life; (3) starting life from scratch; and (4) find…
The German Orthopedic Society from 1918 to 1932. Developments and trends
2001
The German Orthopedic Society was founded in 1901. The period between 1918 and 1932 was characterized by the aftermath of World War I. Up to the middle of the 2nd decade, orthopedic surgeons mainly treated soldiers and civilians affected by the war. Almost every congress dealt with amputations and artificial limbs. At the same time, orthopedic surgery became a specialty at the German universities, legitimizing it as a subject of its own. Besides the large number of victims of the First World War who had to be treated by orthopedic surgeons, there was a second group of patients, the so-called cripples. These handicapped people had not previously been treated in general. A new law established…
COPING WITH PEACE AFTER A DEBACLE
2008
This article analyzes a situation when the war was actually over and society began to recover. The government faced a severe challenge after the war. These serious problems will be analyzed in the light of the Great Northern War (1700–1721). The plans of the central government to stabilize society will be analyzed, as will the different kinds of planning activities undertaken by the authorities. The critical nature of the situation led the government to concentrate solely on short‐term planning. The government had no proper strategies; there were just a couple of exceptions to this rule. Firstly, the problems in Finland were repeatedly concrete and tangible. This made them both easy to addr…
Educational discourse in Spain during the early Franco regime (1936–1943): toward a genealogy of doctrine and concepts
2015
In this article an analysis is undertaken of Spanish educational discourse during the early years of the Franco regime, from the Civil War (1936–1939) to the establishment of the Nuevo Estado or New State (1939–1943), employing Reinhart Koselleck’s principles of conceptual history. Without totally spurning the totalitarian and fascist ideology of the new regime, this educational discourse constructed an imagined community of Espana Nacional (Nationalist Spain) by means of a historical narrative that began with the uprising led by General Franco in July 1936. The discourse sought to recover the importance of the nation’s traditions so as to promote a conceptual and symbolic imaginary that mi…