Search results for "Spatial"
showing 10 items of 2121 documents
LC3 A Spatial-temporal Data Model to Study Qualified Land Cover Changes
2015
International audience; Land cover changes caused by humans have reached points never witnessed in history before. Consequences of these changes are environmental degradation, pollution of water, biodiversity loss and climate change among others. It is in this frame that the interest of the scientific community for this type of events has increased in the last decades. Nowadays, researchers have access to sophisticated monitoring tools and techniques. However, the new threat is that over abundance of information would hide relevant facts and processes. In our research we use data from the CORINE (Coordination of Information on the Environment) program. This program has compiled land cover i…
CLEARMiner: a new algorithm for mining association patterns on heterogeneous time series from climate data
2010
International audience; Recently, improvements in sensor technology contributed to increasing in spatial data acquisition. The use of remote sensing in many countries and states, where agricultural business is a large part of their gross income, can provide a valuable source to improve their economy. The combination of climate and remote sensing data can reveal useful information, which can help researchers to monitor and estimate the production of agricultural crops. Data mining techniques are the main tools to analyze and extract relationships and patterns. In this context, this paper presents a new algorithm for mining association patterns in Geo-referenced databases of climate and satel…
Reasoning with Vague Spatial Information from Upper Mesopotamia (2000BC)
2015
International audience; Concepts such as near, far, south of, etc., are by its own nature vague. However, they are quite common in human language. In the case of historical records, these concepts are often the only source of information regarding the position of ancient places whose exact location has been lost. In our research, we use digitized written records from Upper Mesopotamia (2000BC) from the HIGEOMES project. Our goal is to provide better understanding of the location of places, based on the analysis of spatial statements. In our approach, we analyse cardinal statements between places with known location. Using this information we construct a probabilistic function representing t…
Spatially variant dimensionality reduction for the visualization of multi/hyperspectral images
2011
International audience; In this paper, we introduce a new approach for color visu- alization of multi/hyperspectral images. Unlike traditional methods, we propose to operate a local analysis instead of considering that all the pixels are part of the same population. It takes a segmentation map as an input and then achieves a dimensionality reduction adaptively inside each class of pixels. Moreover, in order to avoid unappealing discon- tinuities between regions, we propose to make use of a set of distance transform maps to weigh the mapping applied to each pixel with regard to its relative location with classes' centroids. Results on two hyperspec- tral datasets illustrate the efficiency of…
Reconstruction of hyperspectral cutaneous data from an artificial neural network-based multispectral imaging system.
2011
International audience; The development of an integrated MultiSpectral Imaging (MSI) system yielding hyperspectral cubes by means of artificial neural networks is described. The MSI system is based on a CCD camera, a rotating wheel bearing a set of seven interference filters, a light source and a computer. The resulting device has been elaborated for in vivo imaging of skin lesions. It provides multispectral images and is coupled with a software reconstructing hyperspectral cubes from multispectral images. Reconstruction is performed by a neural network-based algorithm using heteroassociative memories. The resulting hyperspectral cube provides skin optical reflectance spectral data combined…
Location Theories and Business Location Decision: A Micro-Spatial Investigation of a Nonmetropolitan Area in Canada
2016
International audience; This paper draws on location theories to statistically identify the relationship between the location of individual business establishments and the characterization of their local economic environment. Taking a microspatial perspective, the paper develops indicators from distance-based measures (DBM) to serve as independent variables in a discrete choice model (DCM). Using a 2006 database of individual business establishments in the Lower-St-Lawrence region—a coherent, nonmetropolitan subsystem of cities in the province of Québec, Canada—we provide an empirical analysis of the determinants of individual establishments’ location decisions in relation to their main eco…
Multi-scale study of the rainy season onset over the Sudano-Sahelian belt: Spatial coherence and potential predictability
2011
The spatial coherence of boreal monsoon onset (July-September) over the western and central Sahel is studied through the analysis of daily rainfall records for 136 rain-gauges from 1950-2000. Onset of the rainy season has been defined using 3 definitions which rely on 3 overlapped spatial scales: (i) the regional scale, i.e. the northward ITCZ jump from Guinean to Soudano-Sahelian latitudes, (ii) the meso-scale related with the first occurrence of the main rainfall-generating phenomenon, that is squall line and (iii) the local-scale of the first rainfall recorded at the rain-gauge. Local and meso-scale onsets show a weak degree of instantaneous and inter-annual spatial coherence, meaning th…
Spatial analysis of within-vineyard grape vine sensitivity to solar irradiance patterns. A case study using pinot noir in a complex terrain
2009
14225; International audience; We analyze how the patterns of the solar irradiance affect the growth of Pinot noir grapevines at stand-scale over a hilly terrain bounded by a coniferous forest. The study area is located on the “Vineyard Cost” that produce some of the best wines of the Burgundy region. The work is based on i) a Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and ii) the joint use of both irradiance and phenological models. Results show that the patterns of irradiance deficit are the primary driving force of the growth. Linear trends display good correlation between the total deficit of irradiance, and the developped growth index (R2 up to 0.96). Trends appear strongly modulated by posit…
De la cohésion socio-spatiale à la cohérence territoriale, l'enjeu de la procédure SCOT
2005
et au Renouvellement Urbains (SRU), et particulièrement sont titre I " Renforcer la cohérence des politiques urbaines et territoriales " Section 1 " Les documents d'urbanisme et les opérations d'aménagement "1 constitue une nouvelle étape dans les processus planification et de programmation en matière d'aménagement du territoire. Le Schéma Directeur d'Aménagement et d'Urbanisation (SDAU) laisse place au Schéma de Cohérence territoriale (SCOT). Désormais, les élus d'une agglomération se doivent de définir ensemble l'évolution de l'agglomération et les priorités en matière d'habitat, de commerce, de zones d'activité et de transports
Économétrie spatiale appliquée des microdonnées
2014
220 pages; International audience;