Search results for "Spatial"

Disparités géographiques et convergence des régions européennes : une approche par l'économétrie spatiale

2002

The aim of this dissertation is to analyze the convergence process between European regions by taking into account spatial patterns of economic activities. First, with the help of literature reviews on theoretical and empirical analyses of growth and convergence and on economic geography models, we show in chapter 1 why geographic disparities should be introduced in the study of convergence between economies. Next, the spatial statistic and econometric tools allowing to reach this goal are detailed in chapter 2. Finally, three empirical studies of the convergence process in presence of geographic disparities are carried out. They are based on a sample for per capita GDP of 138 regions, belo…

Changes in spatial and sectoral patterns of employment in Ile-de-France, 1978-1997

2006

International audience; This paper investigates the spatial distribution of employment in the region of Ile-de-France in 1978 and 1997. Exploratory spatial data analysis is used to identify employment centres and a sectoral analysis of the central business district (CBD) and sub-centres is performed. The results highlight a process of suburbanisation of employment in Ile-de-France between 1978 and 1997. A more polarised space emerges in 1997 than in 1978, with several employment centres specialised in different activities. Moreover, even if the spatial influence of the CBD declines over the study period, the CBD maintains its economic leadership by concentrating a large variety of high-orde…

Prese urbane. Studi di enunciazioni cittadine

2017

Distinguished and diverse theorists such as Benveniste, Barthes, De Certeau and Lotman have each approached the city in different ways. But while several key differences exist between them, their points of view intertwine around the concept of urban enunciation and intersect at differing points. In this study, the positions of these authors will be presented, compared and elaborated upon and the categories of linguistic enunciation of urban space will be set out, drawing from a vision of translation between languages that frequently leads, as is so often the case in Semiotics, to productive analytical models. The linguistic signs of the city will also be illustrated by examples of "short fo…

Distance decay 2.0. A global synthesis of taxonomic and functional turnover in ecological communities

2022

Caio Graco-Roza was funded by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), the Carlos Chagas Filho Research Support Foundation (FAPERJ) and the Ella and Georg Erhnrooth Foundation; Jan Altman by research grants INTER-EXCELLENCE LTAUSA19137 provided by Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, 20-05840Y of the Czech Science Foundation, and long-term research development project no. RVO 67985939 of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Otso Ovaskainen was funded by Academy of Finland (grant no. 309581), Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation, Research Council of Norway through its Centres of Excellence Funding Scheme (223257), and the European Research Council (ERC) unde…

Exporatory data analysis of environmental governance at local level in the south -west region of Poland

2018

Prowadzenie zintegrowanych działań w ramach zrównoważonego rozwoju wymaga obiektywnego rozpoznania potrzeb ich wdrażania na podstawie wyników kompleksowych analiz wielu złożonych, powiązanych ze sobą czynników odzwierciedlających stan środowiska przyrodniczego i sytuację ekonomiczno-demograficzną. Wzrastająca funkcjonalność Systemów Informacji Geograficznej (GIS) spowodowała, że bazy danych GIS stały się narzędziem wspierającym implementację działań z zakresu zrównoważonego rozwoju. Celem pracy było rozpoznanie zmienności przestrzennej poziomu ładu środowiskowego w południowo-zachodnim regionie Polski. Zastosowano metody badań z zakresu wielowymiarowych technik eksploracji danych i analizy …

Spatial Diversity of Environmental Governance in the Aspect of Sustainable Development of the Polish-Czech Border Area

2018

The current action plan for implementing sustainable development is the “Agenda for Sustainable Development 2030” includes the goals which determine the three dimensions of sustainable development, i.e. economic, social and environmental. Dynamically developing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and widespread availability of spatial information resources are analytical tools supporting the monitoring and implementation of these objectives and are widely applicable in this research area. The aim of the study was to determine the spatial diversity of the environmental governance level and its components in the following areas: climate change, energy, air protection, land use, biodiversity …

Spatial pattern analysis of esca in different geographical areas of Italy.

2009

Comparing the Climatic and Landscape Risk Factors for Lyme Disease Cases in the Upper Midwest and Northeast United States

2020

Lyme disease, recognized as one of the most important vector-borne diseases worldwide, has been increasing in incidence and spatial extend in United States. In the Northeast and Upper Midwest, Lyme disease is transmitted by Ixodes scapularis. Currently, many studies have been conducted to identify factors influencing Lyme disease risk in the Northeast, however, relatively few studies focused on the Upper Midwest. In this study, we explored and compared the climatic and landscape factors that shape the spatial patterns of human Lyme cases in these two regions, using the generalized linear mixed models. Our results showed that climatic variables generally had opposite correlations with Lyme d…

Ethnographic Interventions: A Strategy and Experiments in Mapping Sociospatial Practices

2007

A growing awareness exists of the possibilities of architectural research adopting working methods used by artists. Many artists have adapted ethnographic methodologies to map site specificity and issues related to community and sociospatial practices. This paper draws on related examples of art practice to formulate a specific research strategy: ethnographic intervention. Ethnographic intervention has three characteristics: (a) ethnographic mapping of spatial practices on site, (b) the possibility of a horizontal replication of the study, and (c) an intervention protocol. We define ethnographic mapping as a critical process directed towards a specific cultural, social, or architectural sit…

Ethnographic approach to participation in EU policy : developing polyspatial agency

2022

This article uses an ethnographic approach to study citizens’ participation in the context of participatory practices organized in the framework of cultural policy of the European Union. It focuses on one EU policy action, European Heritage Label (EHL) and one cultural heritage site that has received this label. The research data was collected through participant observation and interviews with young people who participated in the activities organized on and by the site. This article asks: what meanings the participants give to participation. By analysing the participants’ experiences of the site and their conceptions of participation, I develop the notion of ‘polyspatial agency’. The ethno…