Search results for "Spatial"
showing 10 items of 2121 documents
Periglacial transport distance of Pb derived from small-scale ore veins in the Rhenish Slate Mountains
2008
Abstract The spatial extent of metal contamination caused by small-scale ore veins is increased by periglacial solifluction. Our objectives were (1) to examine the spatial distribution of Pb in cover beds that migrated over Pb ore veins, (2) to calculate the transport distance of ore-derived Pb, and (3) to determine controls on the transport distance. We examined six transects (320–775 m long) in the Rhenish Slate Mountains in West Germany. The transects included four west-exposed and two east-exposed slopes with inclinations between 2–20°. All transects were forest-covered and located at 280–450 m above sea level. Soils were Dystric Cambisols and Stagnic Luvisols. Samples of 120 B horizons…
Large-scale long-term passive-acoustic monitoring reveals spatio-temporal activity patterns of boreal bats
2023
The distribution ranges and spatio-temporal patterns in the occurrence and activity of boreal bats are yet largely unknown due to their cryptic lifestyle and lack of suitable and efficient study methods. We approached the issue by establishing a permanent passive-acoustic sampling setup spanning the area of Finland to gain an understanding on how latitude affects bat species composition and activity patterns in northern Europe. The recorded bat calls were semi-automatically identified for three target taxa; Myotis spp., Eptesicus nilssonii or Pipistrellus nathusii and the seasonal activity patterns were modeled for each taxa across the seven sampling years (2015–2021). We found an increase …
Low-complexity AoA and AoD estimation in the transformed spatial domain for millimeter wave MIMO channels
2021
La estimación del ángulo de llegada (AoA) y del ángulo de salida (AoD) es fundamental para la búsqueda de celdas, las comunicaciones estables y el posicionamiento en los sistemas celulares de ondas milimétricas (mmWave). Además, el diseño de algoritmos de estimación de AoA/AoD de baja complejidad resulta también de gran importancia en el despliegue de sistemas prácticos para permitir un cálculo rápido y eficiente de la conformación de haz. La estimación paramétrica del canal en ondas milimétricas permite describir la matriz del canal como una combinación de trayectorias de señales dependientes de la dirección, explotando la característica de dispersión de los canales mmWave. En este context…
Toward a wave turbulence formulation of statistical nonlinear optics
2012
International audience; During this last decade, several remarkable phenomena inherent to the nonlinear propagation of incoherent optical waves have been reported in the literature. This article is aimed at providing a generalized wave turbulence kinetic formulation of random nonlinear waves governed by the nonlinear Schrodinger equation in the presence of a nonlocal or a noninstantaneous nonlinear response function. Depending on the amount of nonlocal (noninstantaneous) nonlinear interaction and the amount of inhomogeneous (nonstationary) statistics of the incoherent wave, different types of kinetic equations are obtained. In the spatial domain, when the incoherent wave exhibits fluctuatio…
Financialisation, regional economic development and the coronavirus crisis: a time for spatial monetary policy?
2021
Abstract This paper argues that ‘spatial monetary policy’ may be needed to achieve more territorially balanced economic development. Central banks have been key in fostering financialised economies while also preventing their collapse in times of crisis—a role further strengthened by the coronavirus pandemic. Central banks have thus become the most powerful economic policy-making institutions, just when spatial disparities are likely to deepen. In the context of crisis-ridden financialised capitalism, regional development policies should consider the spatial implications of central bank interventions and recognise monetary policy as a key element of spatial policy. Simultaneously, monetary …
Technology spillover and TFP growth: A spatial Durbin model
2016
Beginning with a model in which technological progress is reflected by product variety, we provide a structural approach to estimate technology spillovers allowing for spatial interdependencies. To this end, we first present a theoretical model of TFP growth by decomposing TFP into quality and variety components. We address the quality component by introducing a country׳s distance to the technological frontier. Quality is assumed to be a negative function of the technological gap of country i with respect to its own technological frontier. This technological threshold is defined as the geometric means of knowledge levels in all countries. We deal with the variety component by using R&D expe…
The Role of Risk and Information for International Capital Flows: New Evidence from the SDDS
2012
In this paper, we investigate whether better information about the macroeconomic environment of an economy has a positive impact on its capital inflows, namely portfolio and foreign direct investment (FDI). The purpose of our study is to explicitly quantify information asymmetries by compliance with the IMF's Special Data Dissemination Standard (SDDS). For FDI, we fi nd statistically signi cant and robust support for this hypothesis: SDDS subscription increased inflows by an economically relevant magnitude of about 60 percent. We also find evidence of aversion against political and macroeconomic risk as determinants of portfolio and FDI flows and use a non-parametric test for spatial correl…
Loss of spatial learning in a patient with topographical disorientation in new environments
2003
The case is described of a patient who, following cerebral hypoxia, developed severe difficulty in orienting himself in new environments in the context of a mild global amnesic syndrome. Some episodes he related suggested that his main difficulty was remembering the spatial/directional value of landmarks he recognised. A neuroradiological examination documented severe bilateral atrophy of the hippocampi associated with atrophic changes in the cerebral hemispheres, most marked in the dorsal regions. Neuropsychological and experimental evaluation showed a severe deficit of spatial learning with substantially preserved ability to learn verbal and visual-object information. He was also virtuall…
Geostatistical 3-dimensional integration of measurements of soil magnetic susceptibility.
2010
In soil magnetometry, two types of measurements are usually performed. The first type is measurements performed on the soil surface, frequently using an MS2D sensor. The second type includes measurements of magnetic susceptibility carried out in the soil profile, usually to a depth of about 30 cm. Up to now, such measurement results were analyzed separately. However, it is possible and advantageous to integrate these two types of measurements. The goal of the study was to integrate measurements of magnetic susceptibility performed on the soil surface and in the soil profile. More specifically, the goal was to obtain 3-dimensional spatial distributions of magnetic susceptibility of the topso…
Spatial and temporal characteristics of potential evapotranspiration trends over China
2000
This paper analyses the time series (1954–1993) of Penman–Monteith evapotranspiration estimates for 65 stations in mainland China and Tibet, for the country as a whole and for individual stations. The analysis shows that for China as a whole, the potential evapotranspiration (PET) has decreased in all seasons. On a regional basis, northeast and southwest China have experienced moderate evapotranspiration increases, while in northwest and southeast China evapotranspiration has decreased to a much higher extent. South of 35°N, sunshine appears to be most strongly associated with evapotranspiration changes while wind, relative humidity and maximum temperature are the primary factors in northwe…