Search results for "Spatiale"
showing 10 items of 197 documents
Mapping and determinism of soil microbial community distribution across an agricultural landscape.
2015
Article en open access; International audience; Despite the relevance of landscape, regarding the spatial patterning of microbial communities and the relative influence of environmental parameters versus human activities, few investigations have been conducted at this scale. Here, we used a systematic grid to characterize the distribution of soil microbial communities at 278 sites across a monitored agricultural landscape of 13km(2). Molecular microbial biomass was estimated by soil DNA recovery and bacterial diversity by 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing. Geostatistics provided the first maps of microbial community at this scale and revealed a heterogeneous but spatially structured distribution…
A new reading of Bronze Age funerary structures in Mongolia through the analysis of their architectural elements, arrangement and form
2022
The archaeological landscape of Mongolia is marked by the presence of numerous funerary monuments (khirigsuurs) and engraved stelae (deer stones), erected by nomadic populations at the end of the Bronze Age. The first observations indicate great regularity in the choice and arrangement of the architectural and iconographic elements at the time when these structures were built. This regularity suggests the existence of shared traditions and social coherence between nomadic communities in a territory covering almost twice that of France. The data available today do not provide sufficient perspective to establish social models at the level of a province, and even less so at the scale of the co…
ArchaeDyn. Dynamique spatiale du peuplement et ressources naturelles : vers une analyse intégrée dans le long terme, de la Préhistoire au Moyen Âge,.…
2008
Rapport de fin de contrat d'ACI
Les climats régionaux : observation et modélisation : actes du colloque
2012
6 pages; International audience; L'objectif de cette étude est de caractériser les variations spatio-temporelles des flux sédimentaires de la basse vallée du Mono-Couffo (bassin versant partagé par le Bénin et le Togo), à partir des données de matières en suspension (MES), de débits solides (TSS), de pluie, du débit et des données concernant l'occupation du sol pour mieux apprécier l'impact de la dégradation du couvert végétal sur le flux des sédiments terrigènes. Il ressort de l'analyse une diminution de plus de 60 % des formations naturelles entre les années 1956 et 2000, contribuant à une augmentation des apports spécifiques dans la basse vallée. Une charge solide considérable en matière…
Heterogeneity of host-parasite relationships : ecological and evolution significance
2005
Although parasites have been studied for a long time, the major knowledge concern parasite which have medical or veterinary interest. Whereas they are omnipresent in the nature, the role of parasite infections on natural populations is poorly understood. One of the aim of this work was to study the pathogenicity of two groups of parasites (ticks and Haemosporidae) among natural populations of blackbirds. The study revealed that both parasites are associated with body condition and immune response. However, the study of an urban blackbird population did not confirm the effect of Haemosporidae on the survey and on the population dynamic.The impact of spatial pattern on the relation between ho…
Gènes fongiques liés au calcium impliqués dans la mycorhize à arbuscules
2012
Fluctuations in intracellular (Ca2+) calcium levels generate signaling events and regulate different cellular processes. Whilst the implication of Ca2+ in plant cell responses during arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) interactions is well documented, nothing is known about the regulation or role of this secondary meesenger in the fungal symbiont. The molecular basis of fungal calcium homeostasis in the AM symbiosis was analyzed by investigating the expression of Ca2+-related fungal genes. In a first study, G. mosseae genes putatively encoding a MAP3k-like protein kinase (Gm2) and a P-type ATPase (Gm152) were investigated. Both Ca2+-related genes were up-regulated by A. sinicum root exudates, sugges…
Évolution des températures observées en Bourgogne (1961-2011)
2014
International audience; Depuis un demi-siècle environ, l’augmentation des concentrations atmosphériques en gaz à effet de serre a entraîné une élévation de température qui peut être analysée selon des échelles emboîtées, allant de la planète aux territoires. Dans cette étude, les mesures effectuées sur le réseau de stations Météo-France sont mobilisées pour analyser la température en Bourgogne sur la période 1961-2011. Le réchauffement observé a des caractéristiques très proches des moyennes françaises. Il est plus fort que sur la moyenne planétaire. Il est marqué par une rupture nette délimitant deux périodes bien différentes : 1961-1987 et 1988-2011. Une interpolation par régression krige…
ArchaeDyn -Atelier 3 Dynamiques de circulation et de consommation de produits bruts et manufacturés : recherches méthodologiques
2019
Ce document est destiné à être publié dans la collection des Cahiers de la MSHE, éditée par les Presses universitaires de Franche-Comté
Géographie des sports en France
2008
Diversity and phylogeography of Southern Ocean sea stars (Asteroidea)
2019
How is life distributed on the Southern Ocean sea floor? How can we explain species distribution patterns, their origin and the underpinning drivers? These questions are central to macroecological studies, especially in regions facing fast environmental changes. The main objective of this thesis was to describe and characterise distribution patterns of sea stars species (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) with regards to reproductive strategy (i.e. brooding versus broadcasting), a key life history trait for species dispersal. I tested whether contrasting dispersal abilities between direct developers (brooders) and species with pelagic larvae in their development (broadcasters) result in distinct di…