Search results for "Spectra"

showing 10 items of 3542 documents

Comparison of the Rain Flow Algorithm and the Spectral Method for Fatigue Life Determination Under Uniaxial and Multiaxial Random Loading

2008

This paper presents the strain energy density parameter used for fatigue life calculation under random loading by two methods. The first method is based on schematization of energy parameter histories with the rain flow algorithm. The other one is based on moments of the power spectral density function of the energy parameter. The experimental data of fatigue tests of 10HNAP steel under constant amplitude and random uniaxial loading with non-gaussion probability distribution, zero mean value, and wide-band frequency spectrum used for comparison of the rain flow algorithm and the spectral method gave satisfactory results. Next, histories of the random stress tensor with normal probability di…

Environmental EngineeringMaterials scienceCauchy stress tensorPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGeneral EngineeringBiaxial tensile testSpectral densityStrain energy density functionNormal distributionNuclear Energy and EngineeringProbability distributionGeneral Materials ScienceSpectral methodAlgorithmVibration fatigueJournal of ASTM International
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The distribution of Rare Earth Elements discriminates the growth substrate of Vitis vinifera L.

2021

Sustainable agricultural, food-related strategies and geographic traceability require understanding of the plant physiological response to stress potentially generated by contaminated soils. Here, we have investigated the effect of contaminated substrate on growth of Vitis vinifera L. plants analysing the distribution of full Rare Earth Elements (REE) spectra in different parts of the plant. Experiments were carried out using pristine plants growing in a handmade substrate (blank experiment) and in REE artificially-enriched soil (spiked experiment). Our results show that both plant mass and REE amount in leaves are not influenced by the substrate enrichment while roots are by one-order of m…

Environmental EngineeringVitis Vinifera L. plantHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisSettore AGR/13 - Chimica Agraria0208 environmental biotechnologyRare earth02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesFood-TraceabilitySoilSoil PollutantsEnvironmental ChemistrySettore CHIM/01 - Chimica AnaliticaVitisVitis viniferaInductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry0105 earth and related environmental sciencesContaminated soilsRare Earth Elements (REE)ChemistryfungiPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthfood and beveragesGeneral MedicineGeneral ChemistryContaminationPollutionSubstrate (marine biology)Soil contaminationSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia020801 environmental engineeringPlant LeavesEnvironmental chemistryREE normalized SpectraMetals Rare EarthChemosphere
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Towards an accurate molecular orbital theory for excited states : Ethene, butadiene, and hexatriene

1993

A newly proposed quantum chemical approach for ab initio calculations of electronic spectra of molecular systems is applied to the molecules ethene, trans‐1,3‐butadiene, and trans‐trans‐1,3,5‐hexatriene. The method has the aim of being accurate to better than 0.5 eV for excitation energies and is expected to provide structural and physical data for the excited states with good reliability. The approach is based on the complete active space (CAS) SCF method, which gives a proper description of the major features in the electronic structure of the excited state, independent of its complexity, accounts for all near degeneracy effects, and includes full orbital relaxation. Remaining dynamic ele…

ErrorsGeneral Physics and AstronomyPolyenesElectronic structuresymbols.namesakeRydberg StatesAb initio quantum chemistry methodsComputational chemistrySinglet statePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryTriplet state:FÍSICA::Química física [UNESCO]AccuracyExcitationCalculation MethodsButadieneTripletsChemistryMolecular orbital theoryScf CalculationsExcited StatesCalculation Methods ; Quantum Chemistry ; Ab Initio Calculations ; Electron Spectra ; Butadiene ; Accuracy ; Scf Calculations ; Triplets ; Rydberg States ; Excitation ; Errors ; Polyenes ; Excited StatesQuantum ChemistryUNESCO::FÍSICA::Química físicaElectron SpectraExcited stateRydberg formulasymbolsRydberg stateAtomic physicsAb Initio Calculations
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Red Blood Cells Polarize Green Laser Light Revealing Hemoglobin's Enhanced Non-Fundamental Raman Modes

2014

In general, the first overtone modes produce weak bands that appear at approximately twice the wavenumber value of the fundamental transitions in vibrational spectra. Here, we report the existence of a series of enhanced non-fundamental bands in resonance Raman (RR) spectra recorded for hemoglobin (Hb) inside the highly concentrated heme environment of the red blood cell (RBC) by exciting with a 514.5 nm laser line. Such bands are most intense when detecting parallel-polarized light. The enhancement is explained through excitonic theory invoking a type C scattering mechanism and bands have been assigned to overtone and combination bands based on symmetry arguments and polarization measureme…

ErythrocytesOvertonePlasmodium falciparumAnalytical chemistryporphyrinoidsmalaria diagnosticHemeSpectrum Analysis RamanMolecular physicsSpectral linelaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakeHemoglobinslawHumansPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMalaria FalciparumSpectroscopyHemeScatteringLasersArticlesLaserPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticschemistryRaman spectroscopysymbolsRaman spectroscopyovertone/combination modesred blood cellsChemphyschem
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Aperiodic Diffract: Study of diffraction gratings

2014

[EN] In this work we introduce a virtual laboratory, APERIODIC DIFFRACT, developed in Matlab GUI (Graphical User Interface) as an informatics tool for teaching the diffractive properties of aperiodic gratings. This GUI allows the student to generate aperiodic sequences by iterating and lets to study the spectra for different iterating orders.

EspectroAperiodic sequencesDifracciónSpectraDiffractionSecuencias aperiódicas
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Singularity tracking for Camassa-Holm and Prandtl's equations

2006

In this paper we consider the phenomenon of singularity formation for the Camassa-Holm equation and for Prandtl's equations. We solve these equations using spectral methods. Then we track the singularity in the complex plane estimating the rate of decay of the Fourier spectrum. This method allows us to follow the process of the singularity formation as the singularity approaches the real axis.

Essential singularityNumerical AnalysisCamassa–Holm equationApplied MathematicsComplex singularitieMathematical analysisPrandtl numberPrandtl’s equationsSingularity functionPrandtl–Glauert transformationComputational Mathematicssymbols.namesakeSpectral analysiSingularitysymbolsCamassa–Holm equationSpectral methodComplex planeMathematicsBoundary layer separation
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Orthogonal Multicarrier Transmission with Modal Channel Estimation

2009

A novel multi-carrier orthogonal transmission scheme is presented. While being simpler to implement, it has a spectral efficiency and design parameters similar to those of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing based on Offset Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (OFDM/OQAM). A parametric channel estimation technique is subsequently reported. The proposed technique is based on an algorithm obtained from classic Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) by relaxation of the hypothesis on the number of measurements with respect to the number of sensors. Numerical simulations show that our proposal outperforms previous works in this field.

Estimation theoryOrthogonal frequency-division multiplexingSettore ING-INF/03 - TelecomunicazioniSpectral efficiencyFading ChannelFrequency-division multiplexingTransmission (telecommunications)Control theoryFrequency division multiplexingParameter estimationFadingQuadrature amplitude modulationAlgorithmQuadrature amplitude modulationMathematicsParametric statistics
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Kernel image similarity criterion

2011

This paper presents a family of metrics for assessing image similarity. The methods use the Hilbert-Schmidt Independence Criterion (HSIC) to estimate nonlinear statistical dependence between multidimensional images. The proposed methods have very good theoretical and practical properties. We illustrate the performance in evaluating the quality of natural photographic images, hyperspectral images under different noise levels, in synthetic multiresolution problems, and real pansharpening products.

Estimation theorybusiness.industryHyperspectral imagingPattern recognitionGrayscaleNonlinear systemKernel methodSimilarity criterionKernel (image processing)Computer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligencebusinessImage resolutionMathematics2011 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium
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Calibration and Validation of Algorithms for the Estimation of Chlorophyll-A in Inland Waters with Sentinel-2

2018

The Ocean Color 2 (OC2), Ocean Color 3 (OC3) and Dall'Olmo three-band (TBDO) algorithms used for the estimation of the chlorophyll-a concentration [Chl-a] have been calibrated and validated for Sentinel-2 spectral bands. Measurements of in situ chlorophyll-a, radiometry and simulations with HydroLight have been used for this purpose within the Ecological Status of AQuatic Systems Satellites (ESAQS) Project to estimate water quality in aquatic systems in Spain. The results show that Sentinel-2 spectral bands are suitable for studying the chlorophyll-a concentration in inland waters. The TBDO algorithm have been applied to Sentinel-2 images and satisfactory results have been obtained in Albuf…

EstimationChlorophyll aCalibration and validation02 engineering and technologySpectral bands021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences010309 opticschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryOcean color0103 physical sciencesCalibrationEnvironmental scienceRadiometryWater quality0210 nano-technologyAlgorithmIGARSS 2018 - 2018 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium
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Mapping evapotranspiration on vineyards: A comparison between Penman-Monteith and energy balance approaches for operational purposes

2012

Estimation of evapotranspiration (ET) in Sicilian vineyard is an emerging issue since these agricultural systems are more and more converted from rainfed to irrigated conditions, with significant impacts on the management of the scarce water resources of the region. The choice of the most appropriate methodology for assessing water use in these systems is still an issue of debating, due to the complexity of canopy and root systems and for their high spatial fragmentation. In vineyards, quality and quantity of the final product are dependent on the controlled stress conditions to be set trough irrigation. This paper reports an application of the well-known Penman-Monteith approach, applied i…

Evapotranspirationevapotranspiration vineyards Penman-Monteith energy balance leaf water potential.Multispectral imageSettore ICAR/02 - Costruzioni Idrauliche E Marittime E IdrologiaPenman-MonteithSpectral bandsEnergy balanceAlbedoLeaf water potentialVineyardsNormalized Difference Vegetation IndexGeographyEvapotranspirationSettore AGR/08 - Idraulica Agraria E Sistemazioni Idraulico-ForestaliLeaf area indexPenman–Monteith equationImage resolutionSettore ICAR/06 - Topografia E CartografiaRemote sensing
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