Search results for "Spectroscopy"

showing 10 items of 10293 documents

Temperature effects on the performances of the ATHENA X-IFU thermal filters

2016

The X-Ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) detector on-board ATHENA is an array of TES micro-calorimeters that will operate at ~50 mK. In the current investigated design, five thermal filters (TF) will be mounted on the cryostat shields to attenuate IR radiative load and avoid energy resolution degradation due to photon shot noise. Each filter consists of a thin polyimide film (~50 nm thick) coated with aluminum (~30 nm thick). Since the TF operate at different temperatures in the range 0.05-300 K, it is relevant to study how temperature affects their mechanical/optical performances (e.g. near edge absorption fine structures of the atomic elements in the filter material). Such results are crucia…

CryostatMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopybusiness.industrythermal filtersATHENA missionShot noise02 engineering and technologyAtmospheric temperature range021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyATHENA mission thermal filters XANES01 natural sciencesXANESSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaOptics0103 physical sciencesRadiative transferCalibration010306 general physics0210 nano-technologybusinessAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)PolyimideSPIE Proceedings
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On-line Mössbauer measurements at low temperatures of 83mKr implanted into Al

1978

Abstract A vacuum ion implantation chamber housing a helium flow cryostat and a Mossbauer transducer has been constructed and coupled directly to an ion separator for low temperature implantation and on-line Mossbauer measurements. 83m Kr, produced by thermal neutron activation of enriched 82 Kr gas, has been implanted into Al foils in the temperature range 15–300 K. Annealing effects and the temperature dependence of the Lamb-Mossbauer factor have been studied by Mossbauer measurements (at 15–35 K) using the implanted Al targets as sources and Kr/hydrochinone as absorber.

CryostatMaterials scienceAnnealing (metallurgy)Analytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral MedicineAtmospheric temperature rangeNeutron temperatureIonIon implantationNuclear magnetic resonancechemistryMössbauer spectroscopyHeliumNuclear Instruments and Methods
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A Mössbauer cryostat equipped with a Gifford McMahon cryocooler

1989

A new cryostat for Mossbauer spectroscopic measurements has been developed around a cryogenerator of the Gifford McMahon type operating with helium gas in a closed circuit. Both source and absorber can be cooled to about 30K and the unwanted vibrations caused by the helium compression/expansion cycle have been limited to approximately 0.05–0.06 mms−1.

CryostatNuclear and High Energy PhysicsHelium gasChemistryThermodynamicschemistry.chemical_elementControl equipmentCryogenicsCryocoolerCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMössbauer spectroscopyPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsClosed circuitHeliumHyperfine Interactions
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Kinetic control in the chiral recognition of three-bladed propellers

2010

The ion pair of the stereolabile C(3)-symmetric, i(+)o proton complex [1H](+) of diaza-macropentacycle 1 and the configurationally stable Delta-TRISPHAT ([Delta-3](-)) anion exists in the form of two diastereomers, namely, [Delta-(1.H)][Delta-3] and [Lambda-(1.H)][Delta-3], the ratio of which, in terms of diastereomeric excess (de) decreases in the order [D(8)]THF (28%)CD(2)Cl(2) (22%)CDCl(3) (20%)[D(8)]toluene (16%)C(6)D(6) (7%)[D(6)]acetone (0%) at thermodynamic equilibrium. Except in the case of [D(6)]acetone, the latter is reached after a period of time that increases from 1 h ([D(8)]THF) to 24 h (CDCl(3)). Moreover, the initial value of the de of [1.H][Delta-3] in CDCl(3), before the t…

CryptandsIon pairsProtonStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryKineticsDiastereomerProtonationGeneral ChemistryNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyTolueneCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyKineticsDeprotonationchemistryddc:540Solvent effectsSolvent effectsHelical structures
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Spin Cross-Over (SCO) Complex Based on Unsymmetrical Functionalized Triazacyclononane Ligand: Structural Characterization and Magnetic Properties

2019

International audience; The unsymmetrical ligand 1-(2-aminophenyl)-4,7-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)-1,4,7-triazacyclononane (L6) has been prepared and characterized by NMR spectroscopy. The L6 ligand is based on the triazamacrocycle (tacn) ring that is functionalized by two flexible 2-pyridylmethyl and one rigid 2-aminophenyl groups. Reaction of this ligand with Fe(ClO4)2·xH2O led to the complex [Fe(L6)](ClO4)2 (1), which was characterized as the first Fe(II) complex based on the unsymmetrical N-functionalized tacn ligand. The crystal structure revealed a discrete monomeric [FeL6]2+ entity in which the unsymmetrical N-functionalized triazacyclononane molecule (L6) acts as hexadentate ligand. As …

Crystal structure010402 general chemistryRing (chemistry)01 natural scienceslcsh:Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundSpin crossoverPyridineMagnetic propertiesMacrocycle ligands; Iron complex; High spin and Low spin; Spin Cross-Over; Magnetic propertiesMaterials ChemistryMolecule[CHIM.COOR]Chemical Sciences/Coordination chemistryIron complex010405 organic chemistryLigand[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy0104 chemical sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystallographyMonomerchemistrylcsh:QD1-999Chemistry (miscellaneous)Macrocycle ligandsHigh spin and Low spinSpin Cross-OverMagnetochemistry
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Radiation defects in undoped and Nd‐doped LaGaO 3 crystals

2005

Radiation induced defects have been studied in undoped and Nd-doped (6 mol% and 12 mol%) LaGaO3 crystals. Wide absorption band (2.2–2.8 eV) was observed after crystal irradiation with X-rays at 300 K. Induced defects have been annealed in air at ∼450 K. Similar absorption band was observed in transient absorption spectra after ns-pulsed electron beam excitation. The radiation defect creation efficiency is higher in undoped LaGaO3 crystal. It is shown that small concentration of Nd-doping increases the LaGaO3 crystal radiation hardness. In transient absorption spectra along with 2.7 eV band the absorption bands at 1.5 eV and 2.2 eV were observed. The decay process of transient absorption has…

CrystalAbsorption bandChemistryUltrafast laser spectroscopyDopingAnalytical chemistryIrradiationAtomic physicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)LuminescenceSpectral linephysica status solidi (c)
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<title>Manifestation of structural features in Raman spectra of LiNbO<formula><inf><roman>3</roman></inf></for…

2008

Raman studies of ostensibly pure congruent, close to stoichiometric and stoichiometric lithium niobate single crystals and single crystals of lithium niobate containing admixture of Gd3+, Y+, and Mg2+ are reported. The authors have revealed weak Raman bands anomalously narrowing at changes of crystal composition disordering the cation sublattice and discuss the results with regard to evidence of anomalous ordering of structural units of the cation sublattice occurring at disordering of the cation sublattice as a whole.© (2008) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

CrystalCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakeMaterials sciencechemistryRaman bandOptical materialsLithium niobatesymbolsRaman spectroscopyStoichiometrySPIE Proceedings
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Radiation damage in zircon

2003

A single, zoned, Sri Lankan zircon exhibits a range of microstructures from crystalline to nearly amorphous that are the result of radiation damage over a dose range of 2.1–10.1·1015 α-decay events/mg (0.16–0.47 dpa). The zones in the crystal were examined at a variety of length scales using optical microscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy, electron microprobe analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. Birefringence varies linearly with dose: birefringence = −4.71·10−18 /g· D α + 4.86·10−2. Full width at half maximum (FWHM) measurements of the B1g(ν3) peak, as determined by micro-Raman spectroscopy, were used to estimate the extent of radiation damage in each zone. The radiation dose (calc…

CrystalFull width at half maximumGeophysicsGeochemistry and PetrologyTransmission electron microscopyAnalytical chemistryRadiation damageMineralogyElectron microprobeSpectroscopyGeologyZirconAmorphous solidAmerican Mineralogist
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Interpretation of Mössbauer Parameters of Iron Compounds

1978

The task of this section is to show that for the interpretation of Mossbauer parameters — in the present case of electron densities, field gradients and magnetic hyperfine fields — bonding effects can play an important role, and free-ion or crystal field approaches may be a poor approximation.

CrystalMaterials scienceField (physics)Condensed matter physicsAtomic orbitalMössbauer spectroscopyElectronQuadrupole splittingHyperfine structureElectric field gradient
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Optical Properties of Natural and Synthetic Beryl Crystals

2015

The results of investigation of photoluminescence and UV-Visible absorption spectra of natural beryl crystals from Ural Mountains before and after fast neutron irradiation and synthetic crystal grown in Belarus and Russia are presented. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra of synthetic beryl crystals contain a broad band with maxima 740 nm excited both by UV light (λex = 260 nm, 271 nm) and laser excitation (λex =263 nm). This band is connected with Fe 2+ ions. The temperature lowering down to 8 K leads to appearance of narrow lines in the 680 - 720 nm regions. Emission lines observed in the luminescence spectra are connected with electron transition 2 Eg→ 4 A2g of the Cr 3+ ions: R-lines (682.5 …

CrystalOpticsPhotoluminescenceAbsorption spectroscopyAtomic electron transitionbusiness.industryChemistryExcited stateAnalytical chemistryEmission spectrumAbsorption (chemistry)businessIonIOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
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