Search results for "Spectrum disorder"

Il Protocollo RE4BES per il potenziamento delle abilità cognitive, emotive e sociali di un bambino con disturbo dello spettro autistico

2020

The study reports an intervention study on a child with Autism Spectrum Disorder. The intervention was conducted using some activities included in the RE4BES protocol, a collection of guidelines for the implementation of educational robots intervention for children and young people with special educational eeeds. To assess the efficacy of the intervention, an A-B-A quasi-experimental design was used, in which the involved child was repeatedly evaluated before, during and after treatment. The results showed that robotics activities produced significant changes in his fine motor skills, verbal and preverbal skills, social reciprocity and emotional expression. Furthermore, it was possible to o…

Sexual Dysfunctions and Their Association with the Dual Control Model of Sexual Response in Men and Women with High-Functioning Autism

2019

Adults with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are characterized by impairments in social interaction and communication, repetitive and stereotyped interests and behaviours as well as hyper- and/or hyposensitivities. These disorder specific symptoms could be associated with the development of sexual disorders. The Dual Control Model of Sexual Response presents one approach that is frequently used to explain the emergence of sexual dysfunctions. The aim of the present study was to assess the extent of symptoms of sexual dysfunctions in men and women with ASD and to evaluate their association with the individual propensity of sexual excitation and inhibition as defined by the Dual Control Mode…

An interactional ‘live eye tracking’ study in autism spectrum disorder : combining qualitative and quantitative approaches in the study of gaze

2017

Recent studies on gaze behaviours in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have utilised “live eye tracking.” Such research has focused on generating quantitative eye tracking measurements, which provide limited (if any) qualitative contextual details of the actual interactions in which gaze occurs. This article presents a novel methodological approach that combines live eye tracking with qualitative interaction analysis, multimodally informed conversation analysis. Drawing on eye tracking and wide-angle video recordings, this combination renders visible some of the functions, or what gaze “does,” in interactional situations. The participants include three children with ASD and th…

Modulation of attention by socio-emotional scenes in children with autism spectrum disorder

2017

Background: Abnormal attentional processes to socially relevant information may underlie social impairment in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). To examine how these processes are modulated by the emotional salience of the stimuli, we studied the attentional biases to social scenes (happy, sad, and threatening) in ASD children. Method: An emotional dot-probe task was applied to children (from 6 to 12 years old) with Autism Spectrum Disorder without additional language and/or intellectual impairments (ASD; n=25) and age/sex-matched controls (n=25). Results: ASD children showed an attentional bias toward threatening scenes while typically developing children tended to direct their attention towa…

Social Cognition in Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Epilepsy

2021

Introduction: The purpose of our study was to perform a comparative analysis of social cognition in children and adolescents with epilepsy, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), specific learning disorder (SLD) and in typical development (TD) controls. The secondary aim was to relate social cognition to some clinical and demographic characteristics.Methods: Our work is a transversal observational study. The recruits were 179 children and adolescents aged between 6 and 18 years diagnosed with epilepsy, ASD, or SLD and 32 subjects with TD. All the participants underwent neuropsychological assessment of Emotion Recognition (ER) and Theory of Mind (ToM) skills.Results: All three clinical groups perfo…

Autism spectrum disorder in Italy: demand for an integrated epidemiological surveillance system.

2016

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental syndrome of emerging public health concern, according to a documented significant increase of diagnosed cases of ASD in Europe and USA. In Italy, actually, it is not possible to estimate at national level a reliable ASD occurrence by using existing health and scholastic data flows. The lack of information has implications on social and healthcare services dedicated to subjects affected by ADS. The database of the Italian institute in charge of social and security assistance was accessed at the provincial level to investigate the ASD cases occurred in the Palermo province. The official reports of all subjects visited in 2013 by I…

A Preliminary Study on Photic Driving in the Electroencephalogram of Children with Autism across a Wide Cognitive and Behavioral Range.

2022

Intermittent photic stimulation (IPS) is a useful technique in electroencephalography (EEG) to investigate the neurophysiological anomalies of brain activity. Although not an active task, IPS has also been explored in ASD; it is thought to capture local potential oscillators at specific frequencies and perhaps tap into rhythmic activity in a way that general resting-state recordings cannot. Previous studies suggest that individuals with ASD showed photic driving reactivity predominantly at lower frequencies of stimulation. In our study we used IPS to measure rhythmic oscillatory activity in a sample of 81 ASD children. We found a significant correlation linking ASD children with photic driv…

Baltic Journal of Psychology, Vol. 21, N 1&2

2020

Acquisition of english as a second language by students with Asperger Syndrome: a theoretical approach

2015

Partimos de diferenciar entre el Síndrome de Asperger (SA) y el Autismo de alto funcionamiento (AAF) dentro de los Trastornos del Espectro Autista (TEA) considerando tres características principales: individuos con SA muestran un CI elevado, falta de retraso en la adquisición del lenguaje (AL) y una posible facilidad en la adquisición de segundas lenguas (ASL). Además, tratamos los factores y características –favorables y desfavorables- que los/as estudiantes con SA y su profesorado deben considerar al abordar la ASL del inglés. El estudio contribuye a ofrecer una perspectiva más amplia de las teorías contemporáneas sobre ASL y a proporcionar una base sólida para un futuro estudio de campo …

Comprehension of Generalized Conversational Implicatures by Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder

2018

This study evaluates the comprehension of generalized conversational implicatures (GCI) in children with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD), using a GCI test constructed based on the Levinson model, which distinguishes between three types of implicatures: type Q (or scalar: “what is not referred to does not occur”); type I (“by default, it is not necessary to say what can be assumed”); and type M (“if someone is expressing something in a not very simple or marked way, it is because s/he is describing a situation that is not very typical, frequent, or prototypical”). In addition to the ASD group (n = 22), two comparison groups were utilized: a group matched on chronological age with …