Search results for "Speech and Hearing"
showing 10 items of 160 documents
The representation of segmental information: an fMRI investigation of the consonant-vowel distinction
2004
Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USAAvailable online 23 July 2004IntroductionRecent studies suggest that consonants and vowels are repre-sented separately in cognitive/neural space. Much of the evidencecomes from research on dysgraphia (for review, see Miceli & Cap-asso, submitted). In the first place, letter substitution errors preservethe consonant/vowel (CV) status of the target (e.g., cinema fi ciremaor cinoma, but not cintma). Second, there are reports of selectiveimpairment for consonants or vowels. Additional evidence comesfrom disorders of phonology, demonstrating the dissociability be-tween consonants and vowels (Caramazza, Chialant, Capasso, Mthe ISI was variable (mean 6.75 s). Th…
Spelling in Finnish : the case of the double consonant
2021
Because of its regularity, it is relatively easy to learn to read and spell in Finnish. However, a specific hurdle in spelling acquisition seems to be the doubling of consonant letters. In this study on consonant letter doubling spelling in Finnish children (91 Grade 1 and 191 Grade 2 children), we asked two questions. First, are items with double consonant letters (e.g., “kissa” [ˈkisːɑ] ‘cat’) indeed harder to spell than single consonant items (e.g., “kisa” [ˈkisɑ] ‘contest’)? Second, is consonant doubling harder for stop consonants (e.g., “takki” [ˈtɑkːi] ‘coat’) than for continuant consonants (e.g., “kissa&rdq…
How do illiterate adults react to metalinguistic training?
2013
The present study focuses on the capacity of illiterate adults to master three different metalinguistic tasks: judgment of phonological length of words, initial consonant deletion, and lexical segmentation of sentences. Illiterates’ performance, during a pre-test and after training, was compared with that of literates and partial illiterates (adults at the beginning of the process of acquiring literacy) who received the same training. In the pre-test, illiterates were lower than literates in the three tasks; and partial-illiterates were at an intermediate level in two of the tasks. The three groups profited from the training, especially illiterates and partial-illiterates for whom improveme…
Do deaf children use phonological syllables as reading units?
2004
This study aimed at examining whether deaf children process written words on the basis of phonological units. In French, the syllable is a phonologically and orthographically well-defined unit. French deaf children and hearing children matched on word recognition level were asked to copy written words and pseudo-words. The number of glances at the item, copying duration, and the locus of the first segmentation (i.e., after the first glance) within the item were measured. The main question was whether the segments copied by the deaf children corresponded to syllables as defined by phonological and orthographic rules.The results showed that deaf children, like hearing children, used syllables…
On the terminology of voice research
1993
Summary This article reviews problems associated with establishment of a scientifically accurate, internationally recognized, multilingual terminology to describe voice. Two strategies for developing terminology are discussed: consensus and dictation. Ontological decisions are considered an integral part of developing terminology. We conclude that terminological problems should be solved by a terminological committee—as yet to be established—as they average from problems in interpreting the literature and the results of voice research. A comprehensive bibliography and audio tape of the multilingual terminology describing voice would help facilitate adaptation and understanding of the terms …
Understanding Deafhood: in search of its meanings.
2013
The authors argue that Deafhood (a term coined by Dr. Paddy Ladd) is an open-ended concept with an essentialist core. They describe how deaf people who have attended their Deafhood lectures and workshops have perceived different aspects of the Deafhood concept, and compare the basic tenets of Deafhood and criticisms on Deafhood to theories and criticisms on feminist essentialisms. The authors find that the vagueness and wideness of the Deafhood concept is one of its strengths, though they also find that it is in some respects problematic to combine and unite ontology and liberation theory in one concept. They further suggest that the ontological aspects of Deafhood need to be foregrounded. …
METALANG. Protocolo franco-español de exploración de habilidades metalingüísticas en niños de 6 a 9 años: un estudio preliminar
2012
International audience; In this work are described the principles of functional-pragmatic and the reasons for developing an exploration protocol for natural metalinguistic abilities. This study explains the base hypothesis and structure of METALANG protocol. This protocol consists in a Test and a Questionnaire for parents with two different scales: A = Ability, B = Frequency. Each element of the protocol has 6 sections and 40 items. It is performed a preliminary contrast with 12 subjects aged 6 to 9 years. Among the 12 subjects, 4 were diagnosed with dysphasia. METALANG shows high scores in reliability and internal consistency. This result confirms the hypothesis that it is possible a joint…
Desempenho ortográfico de escolares do 2º ao 5º ano do ensino público
2011
Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:45:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S2179-64912011000300008.pdf: 281357 bytes, checksum: e4ccc266cc964d955c3f9a17579bdcf6 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:45:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S2179-64912011000300008.pdf: 281357 bytes, checksum: e4ccc266cc964d955c3f9a17579bdcf6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:34:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S2179-64912011000300008.pdf: 281357 bytes, checksum: e4ccc266cc964d955c3f9a17579bdcf6 (MD5) S2179-64912011000300008.pdf.txt: 42724 bytes, checksum: 649f10be72958aa8c6dd63eab4ff802e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-01 Subm…
Do Sign Language Videos Improve Web Navigation for Deaf Signer Users?
2010
The efficacy of video-based sign language (SL) navigation aids to improve Web search for Deaf Signers was tested by two experiments. Experiment 1 compared 2 navigation aids based on text hyperlinks linked to embedded SL videos, which differed in the spatial contiguity between the text hyperlink and SL video (contiguous vs. distant). Deaf Signers’ performance was similar in Web search using both aids, but a positive correlation between their word categorization abilities and search efficiency appeared in the distant condition. In Experiment 2, the contiguous condition was compared with a text-only hyperlink condition. Deaf Signers became less disorientated (used shorter paths to find the tar…
Literacy skills and online research and comprehension: struggling readers face difficulties online
2019
The present study evaluated the extent to which literacy skills (reading fluency, written spelling, and reading comprehension), together with nonverbal reasoning, prior knowledge, and gender, are related to students’ online research and comprehension (ORC) performance. The ORC skills of 426 sixth graders were measured using a Finnish adaptation of the Online Research and Comprehension Assessment. Results of a structural equation model showed that these ORC skills were divided into six highly correlated factors, and that they formed a common factor in ORC. Altogether, these predictor variables explained 57% of the variance in ORC. Reading comprehension, along with gender, was the strongest p…