Search results for "Spell"

Modelling wet and dry spells for daily rainfall data series: an application to irrigation management in North-West Italy

2016

Rainfall time variability is relevant for agricultural production. The daily time scale is often used in modelling crop and soil water balance. In this work a novel statistical analysis of wet and dry spells is presented, together with an application in an Italian area characterised by a relevant climate spatial variability, due to the presence of both high mountains (e.g.: Mont Blanc) and of the Mediterranean Sea. Statistical analysis of the sequences of rainy days, wet spells (WS), and that of no-rainy days, dry spells (DS), could be carried out separately (as widely applied in the past) or jointly, by introducing the inter-arrival time (IT), representing the time elapsed between two subs…

Extreme dry spells over the Mediterranean Basin during the wet season: assessment of HyMeX/Med-CORDEX regional climate simulations (1979-2009).

2018

16 pages; International audience; Exceptional dry spells, in this study referred to as very long dry spells (VLDS), are natural hazards to which the Mediterranean region is extremely vulnerable, with socio‐economic and environmental impacts. In this study, they are characterized in terms of location, spatial extent, duration, temporal variability and associated atmospheric circulations. The main objective is to assess the performance of five HyMeX/Med‐CORDEX regional climate simulations to detect and reproduce VLDS in comparison with the E‐OBS observed daily gridded data. Models accurately reproduce the occurrence of precipitation around the Mediterranean Basin, and therefore the occurrence…

Spatial coherence of monsoon onset over Western and Central Sahel (1950-2000)

2009

Abstract The spatial coherence of boreal monsoon onset over the western and central Sahel (Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso) is studied through the analysis of daily rainfall data for 103 stations from 1950 to 2000. Onset date is defined using a local agronomic definition, that is, the first wet day (>1 mm) of 1 or 2 consecutive days receiving at least 20 mm without a 7-day dry spell receiving less than 5 mm in the following 20 days. Changing either the length or the amplitude of the initial wet spell, or both, or the length of the following dry spell modifies the long-term mean of local-scale onset date but has only a weak impact either on its interannual variability or its spatial coher…

Extreme dry spell detection and climatology over the Mediterranean Basin during the wet season

2016

The E-OBS precipitation gridded data set v.10.0 is used to detect very long dry spell (VLDS) events over the entire Mediterranean Basin for the 1957–2013 period, during the wet season (September to April). The main objective is to characterize these events as climatic objects, in terms of location, spatial extent, duration, and temporal variability. In this study, 76 VLDS events were detected in the Mediterranean Basin and grouped into four spatial patterns: scattered localized (with 25 events), northeast Mediterranean (11 events), West Mediterranean (15 events), and southeast Mediterranean (25 events). Each pattern shows seasonality in events. Most of the scattered localized, northeast, an…

2021

We investigated the longitudinal links between parental teaching of reading and spelling and children’s word reading and spelling skills. Data of 244 Lithuanian parent–child dyads were analyzed, who were followed across three time points: end of kindergarten (T1;Mage= 6.88; 116 girls), beginning of Grade 1 (T2), and end of Grade 1 (T3). The children’s word reading and spelling skills were tested, and the parents answered questionnaires on the frequency with which they taught their children reading and spelling. Overall, the results showed that the parents were responsive to their children’s skill levels across the domains of reading and spelling and across time (i.e., the transition from ki…

Wet periods along the East Africa Coast and the extreme wet spell event of October 1997

2008

Extreme wet spells affect the East Africa Coast (EAC) during March to June (long rains) and October to December (short rains). While these spells are less frequent during the short rains, some of the most extreme wet spells occur at this time of the year. The present study examined the general characteristics of the wet spells during the short rains. A detailed study of the anomalous wet spell event of October 1997, with record rainfall around Mombasa (4.0°S, 39.6°E), was also carried out. Daily rainfall for 1962-1997 and NCEP2 reanalysis data for 1979-1997 were used to study the characteristics of the wet events. A high spatial coherence is found in the rainfall over the EAC. The circulati…

Étude multi-échelles des précipitations et du couvert végétal au Cameroun : Analyses spatiales, tendances temporelles, facteurs climatiques et anthro…

2011

Due to its shape and location (2°N-13°N - 8°E-16°E; proximity of the Atlantic Ocean), Cameroon is characterized by a panel of cross-regional climate encountered widely in tropical Africa. Over the region, the decrease rainfall during the second half of the last century has been shown to be associated with stronger recurrence of drier periods, specifically in the core of the rainy season. These conditions have favored the degradation of vegetation cover, driven by socioeconomic and demographic constraints. The substantial impacts on human activities and local society highlight the need to better understand how climate and environmental dynamics do interact locally. The aim of this study is t…

Épisodes secs en hiver dans le bassin méditerranéen : variabilité et forçages atmosphériques (1957-2013).

2016

The mean number of dry days in winter increased in the Mediterranean Basin during the 1957-2013 period,mainly because of dry spells becoming longer. The shortest events (Very Short Dry Spells) were less frequentwhereas longer events (Short Dry Spells, Medium Dry Spells and Long Dry Spells) were more frequent on theMediterranean Basin. 76 very long events (Very Long Dry Spells – VLDS) occurred during the 1957-2013period. A hierarchical clustering analysis of these VLDS events allows to detect 5 mainly Mediterraneanconfigurations: North-West Mediterranean, West Mediterranean, North-East Mediterranean, South-EastMediterranean and localized events.

"Er det riktige det viktige? Literacy-syn og kvalitetstrekk i kommersielle abc-apper for norskspråklige førskolebarn."

2020

Artikkelen undersoker literacy-syn og kvalitetstrekk i abc-apper fra kommersielle produsenter ved a analysere ni abc-apper for norskspraklige forskolebarn. Undersokelsen er teoretisk forankra i sosiokulturell literacy-forskning og sosialsemiotiske perspektiver pa multimodalitet og semiotisk teknologi. Analysen viser at appene domineres av sju typer literacy-aktiviteter: bokstav-lyd-kopling, bokstavutforming, staving, hukommelsesaktiviteter, tekstproduksjon, lesing og sang. For hver av disse aktivitetene identifiseres det trekk som bidrar til a svekke eller styrke kvaliteten, totalt tretten trekk. I diskusjonen reflekteres det over hva slags literacy-forestillinger appene er innskrevet med, …

Nestandarta pareizrakstība Instagram sludinājumos

2020

Tā kā patērētāju attieksme un cerības ir mainījušās, tradicionālā reklāmdošana ir zaudējusi daļu savas pievilcības un vērtības, liekot reklāmdevējiem meklēt jaunu pieeju. Tiešsaistes reklāmas ir īpaši efektīvas un populāras tādu sociālo mediju vietnēs kā Instagram, kas iesaista auditoriju komunikācijā un nodibina attiecības ar reklāmdevēju. Lai gan attēli ir nozīmīga daļa Instagram reklāmās, arī pievienotie ziņojumi ir svarīgi un bieži vien satur nestandarta pareizrakstību. Šī darba mērķis ir izpētīt nestandarta pareizrakstības lietojumu, nozīmi un funkcijas tiešsaistes reklāmās sociālo mediju vietnē Instagram, izmantojot diskursa analīzi kā galveno pētījuma metodi. Kvalitatīvā un kvantitat…