Search results for "Spine."
showing 10 items of 390 documents
SELECTIVE DECREASE OF DENDRITIC SPINES IN THE NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS OF ETHANOL DEPENDENT RATS.
2014
Neuronal refinement and stabilization are hypothesized to confer resilience to poor decision-making and addictive-like behaviors, such as excessive ethanol drinking and dependence. Accordingly, structural abnormalities are likely to contribute to the appearance of alcohol withdrawal signs and symptoms, that occur from suddenly ceasing the use of alcohol after chronic ingestion, thus perpetuating the addictive cycle. Here we show that ethanol dependent rats display a loss of dendritic spines in medium spiny neurons of the Nacc, accompanied by a reduction of TH-positive terminals and PSD-95 positive elements. Further analysis indicates that ‘long thin’, but not ‘mushroom’, spines are selectiv…
Landmark identification on direct digital versus film-based cephalometric radiographs: A human skull study
2002
The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in landmark identification on vertically scanned, direct digital and conventional (18 x 24 cm) cephalometric radiographs. Eight observers, all orthodontists or postgraduate orthodontic students, recorded 6 landmarks twice on 3 digital and 3 conventional cephalograms obtained from 3 human skulls in a standardized fashion. Digital images were displayed on a 15.1-in TFT monitor in 3:1 mode (20 x 26 cm). Recordings were transferred into standardized coordinate systems and evaluated separately for each coordinate. After correcting for magnification, precision was assessed with Maloney-Rastogi tests, and intraobserver and interobserver repr…
PSA Depletion Induces the Differentiation of Immature Neurons in the Piriform Cortex of Adult Mice
2021
Immature neurons are maintained in cortical regions of the adult mammalian brain. In rodents, many of these immature neurons can be identified in the piriform cortex based on their high expression of early neuronal markers, such as doublecortin (DCX) and the polysialylated form of the neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM). This molecule plays critical roles in different neurodevelopmental events. Taking advantage of a DCX-CreERT2/Flox-EGFP reporter mice, we investigated the impact of targeted PSA enzymatic depletion in the piriform cortex on the fate of immature neurons. We report here that the removal of PSA accelerated the final development of immature neurons. This was revealed by a h…
Long-term effect on adenoid dimensions and craniocervical angulation after maxillary expansion with fixed or functional appliances
2020
Background Maxillary expansion is a common orthodontic procedure that could have a positive effect also on airway patency. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the long-term effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on nasopharyngeal area and cranio-cervical angulation in growing patients, compared to controls treated with a function-generating bite appliance (FGB). Material and methods Sixty patients aged 6-14 consecutively treated with RME or FGB were selected retrospectively and divided into two groups. Lateral cephalograms taken before and after treatment were retrieved, and the nasopharyngeal area, delimited superiorly by a sella-posterior nasal spine (PNS) line and inferiorly…
Biomechanical Study of the Osteoporotic Spine Fracture: Optical Approach
2021
Background and objectives: Osteoporotic spine fractures represent a significant factor for decreasing quality of life in the elderly female population. Understanding the mechanisms involved in producing these fractures can improve their prevention and treatment. This study presents a biomechanical method to produce a vertebral fracture, conducted on a human spine segment, observing the displacements and strains in the intervertebral disc, endplate, and vertebral body. Materials and Methods: We performed two tests, one corresponding to an extension loading, and the second to an axial loading. Results: The maximum displacement in the target vertebral body presented higher values in the case o…
Alternative intraoral donor sites to the chin and mandibular body-ramus.
2017
Background Provide a review of alternative intraoral donor sites to the chin and body-ramus of the mandible that bring fewer complications and that may be used to regenerate small and medium defects. Material and Methods A review was conducted using the search engine PUBMED and looking manually into scientific journals. Results From the 35 articles included, 6 corresponded to the coronoids, 3 corresponded to the zygomatic body, 5 corresponded to the anterior maxillary sinus wall, 3 corresponded to the zygomatic alveolar process, 2 corresponded to the incisive fossa, 2 corresponded to the anterior nasal spine, 2 corresponded to the palatal region, 5 corresponded to the tuberosity, and 7 corr…
Role of hybrid construct in cervical spondylosis.
2018
Die BWS-Beweglichkeit von Impingementpatienten im Vergleich zu Gesunden - eine inklinometrische Studie
2004
AIM The aim of this study was to analyse the relation between the mobility of the thoracic spine and an impingement syndrome of the shoulder. METHOD In a prospective study, 50 patients with an impingement syndrome and 50 healthy test subjects were examined for the mobility of their thoracic spines. All patients and test subjects were examined according to a standardized protocol. The experiments were carried out in the biomechanical laboratory of our clinic with the Plurimetercompass and the Inclinometer of Rippstein. RESULTS In 23 patients a tendinosis calcarea was diagnosed radiologically, 27 patients suffered from a plain impingement without calcification, hence both groups were analyzed…
A Statistical Model of Spine Shape and Material for Population-Oriented Biomechanical Simulation
2021
In population-oriented ergonomics product design and musculoskeletal kinetics analysis, digital spine models of different shape, pose and material property are in great demand. The purpose of this study was to construct a parameterized finite element spine model with adjustable spine shape and material property. We used statistical shape model approach to learn inter-subject shape variations from 65 CT images of training subjects. Second order polynomial regression was used to model the age-dependent changes in vertebral material property derived from spatially aligned CT images. Finally, a parametric spine generator was developed to create finite element instances of different shapes and m…