Search results for "Spins"

showing 7 items of 257 documents

Optimal control of an ensemble of Bloch equations with applications in MRI

2016

International audience; The optimal control of an ensemble of Bloch equations describing the evolution of an ensemble of spins is the mathematical model used in Nuclear Resonance Imaging and the associated costs lead to consider Mayer optimal control problems. The Maximum Principle allows to parameterize the optimal control and the dynamics is analyzed in the framework of geometric optimal control. This lead to numerical implementations or suboptimal controls using averaging principle.

[ MATH.MATH-OC ] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]0209 industrial biotechnologySpins010102 general mathematicsNuclear resonance[MATH.MATH-OC] Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]02 engineering and technologyOptimal controlLinear-quadratic-Gaussian control01 natural sciences020901 industrial engineering & automationMaximum principleControl theoryBloch equationsApplied mathematics[MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC]Boundary value problem0101 mathematicsComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSMathematics2016 IEEE 55th Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)
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Double-quantum nutations in a two-level spin system

1986

The transient oscillatory behavior of the nonlinear response of a two-level electron-spin system is experimentally investigated in a sample of glassy silica with ${E}_{1}^{\mathcal{'}}$ centers (S=(1/2)) at microwave frequency at T=4.2 K. The transient regime, excited by an intense step-modulated radiation tuned to double-quantum (DQ) resonance, is monitored by revealing the second-harmonic (SH) wave radiated by the spins undergoing DQ transitions. Time- and frequency-domain results show that the emitted SH wave has two components: the former, which vanishes at the DQ resonance, exhibits an overdamped transient regime, the latter consists of damped oscillations at a frequency which depends …

chemistry.chemical_classificationPhysicsSpinsCondensed matter physicsChemistrySpin systemResonanceSemiclassical physicsGeneral ChemistryRadiationCondensed Matter PhysicsPolarization (waves)Nonlinear systemNuclear magnetic resonanceBloch equationsExcited stateMaterials ChemistryTransient (oscillation)IrradiationAtomic physicsInorganic compoundRabi frequencyPhysical Review B
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HACANCOi : a new Hα-detected experiment for backbone resonance assignment of intrinsically disordered proteins

2020

AbstractUnidirectional coherence transfer is highly efficient in intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs). Their elevated ps-ns timescale dynamics ensures long transverse (T2) relaxation times allowing sophisticated coherence transfer pathway selection in comparison to folded proteins. 1Hα-detection ensures non-susceptibility to chemical exchange with the solvent and enables chemical shift assignment of consecutive proline residues, typically abundant in IDPs. However, many IDPs undergo a disorder-to-order transition upon interaction with their target protein, which leads to the loss of the favorable relaxation properties. Long coherence transfer routes now result in prohibitively large dec…

chemistry.chemical_classificationSpinsbiologyChemistryGlobular proteinRelaxation (NMR)E. coliIDPGB1Intrinsically disordered proteinsintrinsically disordered proteinBiochemistryResonance (particle physics)Chemical physicsSNX9 SH3biology.proteinTarget proteinProtein GproteiinitNMR-spektroskopiaSpectroscopyEspFresonance assignmentCoherence (physics)
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Spins and magnetic moments of 58;60;62;64Mn ground states and isomers

2015

The odd-odd 54;56;58;60;62;64Mn isotopes (Z = 25) were studied using bunched-beam collinear laser spectroscopy at ISOLDE, CERN. From the measured hyperfine spectra the spins and magnetic moments of Mn isotopes up to N = 39 were extracted. The previous tentative ground state spin assignments of 58;60;62;64Mn are now firmly determined to be I = 1 along with an I = 4 assignment for the isomeric states in 58;60;62Mn. The I = 1 magnetic moments show a decreasing trend with increasing neutron number while the I = 4 moments remain quite constant between N = 33 and N = 37. The results are compared to large-scale shell-model calculations using the GXPF1A and LNPS effective interactions. The excellen…

isotoopitSpin parity and isobaric spinFOS: Physical sciencesmangaaniElectromagnetic momentsShell modelmagnetic momentsNuclear Physics - ExperimentPräzisionsexperimente - Abteilung BlaumLaser spectroscopyNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear ExperimentNuclear Experimentspins
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Exotic Spin-Orbital Physics in Hybrid Oxides

2016

We compare the effective spin-orbital super\-exchange triggered by magnetic $3d$ impurities with $d^3$ and $d^2$ configurations and either no orbital degree of freedom (orbital dilution) or hole replacing a doublon (charge dilution) in a $4d^4$ Mott insulator with $S=1$ spins. Impurities causing orbital dilution act either as spin defects decoupled from the surrounding ions, or generate orbital polarons along $d^3$-$d^4$ hybrid bonds. The exchange on these bonds determines which orbital is occupied by a doublon on the host site. In case of charge dilution by $3d^2$ impurities additional $\propto T_i^+T_j^+$ terms arise which enhance orbital fluctuations. We show that such terms may radicall…

spin-orbital orderorbital fluctuationsFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyPolaron01 natural sciencesIonCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsSpin (physics)PhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Condensed matter physicsSpinsMott insulatorDopingMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Charge (physics)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physicsorbital/charge dilutionElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsDoped Mott insulatorSuperexchangeCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics0210 nano-technologyJournal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism
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Chirality selective spin interactions mediated by the moving superconducting condensate

2018

We show that superconducting correlations in the presence of nonzero condensate velocity can mediate the peculiar interaction between localized spins that breaks the global inversion symmetry of magnetic moments. The proposed interaction mechanism is capable of removing fundamental degeneracies between topologically distinct magnetic textures. For the generic system of three magnetic impurities in the current-carrying superconductor, we find the energy term proportional to spin chirality. In realistic superconductor/ferromagnetic/superconductor setups we reveal significant energy differences between various magnetic textures with opposite chiralities. We calculate Josephson energies of junc…

suprajohtavuusskyrmionsmagnetic textureexchange interaction02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencessuprajohteetCondensed Matter::Superconductivityimpurities in superconductors0103 physical sciencesmagnetismi010306 general physicsSpin (physics)RKKY interactionPhysicsSuperconductivityMagnetic momentSpintronicsCondensed matter physicsSpinsta114SkyrmionJosephson effect021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyChirality (electromagnetism)Ferromagnetismhelicoidal magnetic texture0210 nano-technologymagnetic vorticesPhysical Review B
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Spin-lattice relaxation of deuterated methyl groups: Implications of the pauli principle

1999

The high-field spin-lattice relaxation of deuterated methyl groups undergoing rotational tunneling is investigated theoretically. It is found that for systems showing a tunneling frequency comparable to accessible Larmor frequencies the relaxation to equilibrium of the Zeeman energy does not follow a simple exponential time dependence even in powdered samples due to a finite coupling to the relaxation of the tunneling system. This finding contrasts to the high-temperature behavior of reorienting methyl groups which undergo simple exponential relaxation. The nonexponentiality has its origin in the statistical coupling of the three deuteron spins due to the Pauli principle.

symbols.namesakePauli exclusion principleDeuteriumCondensed matter physicsSolid-state physicsSpinsChemistrysymbolsSpin–lattice relaxationRelaxation (physics)Zeeman energyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsQuantum tunnellingApplied Magnetic Resonance
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