Search results for "Spirometry"

Prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances and immune and respiratory outcomes

2018

Prenatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) may be associated with impaired immune and respiratory health during childhood but the evidence is scarce and inconsistent. We studied the association between prenatal PFAS exposure and immune and respiratory health up to age 7 years in the Spanish INMA birth cohort (n=1188). We assessed perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), and perfluorononanoate (PFNA) in maternal plasma samples. Mothers reported the occurrence (yes/no) of chest infections, lower respiratory tract infections, wheezing, asthma, and eczema in the previous 12 months at 1.5 and 4 years of the child and at 7 years. A…

Prognostic significance of surrogate measures for forced vital capacity in an elderly population.

2009

Objectives To evaluate whether measures easier to obtain than the FVC can substitute it as a prognostic marker in elderly people. Design Prospective, observational study. Setting Community. Participants Outpatients (n = 1485) aged 73.4 years (SD: 6.2 range 65–98) enrolled in the Salute Respiratoria nell'Anziano (SaRA) study. Measurements We calculated the risk for mortality associated with a reduction below 80% of the predicted FVC, of the forced expiratory volume at 6 seconds (FEV6), and of a surrogate measure for forced vital capacity (SFVC), defined as the largest volume exhaled in 2 forced maneuvers regardless of its duration and of the presence of plateau. Results Among the 907 partici…

Abstract 13257: FEV1 and FVC predict Mortality in Individuals Without Manifest Lung Disease Independent of Cardiac Performance - Results From the Pop…

2015

Background: Pulmonary disease has consistently been related to increased mortality. We investigated central spirometry variables in relation to total mortality in individuals from the general population without diagnosed lung disease also accounting for cardiac function. Methods: In 15,010 individuals from the general population (mean age 55±11 years, age range 35-74 years, 50.5% men) in the Gutenberg Health Study we performed spirometry and multimodal transthoracic echocardiography. The biomarkers N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (Nt-proBNP) and high-sensitive troponin I (TnI) were measured in the first 5000 individuals using commercially available assays. Multivariable Cox regre…

Prognostic value of FEV1/FEV6 in elderly people*

2010

Summary Background:  The ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 s and forced expiratory volume in 6 s (FEV1/FEV6) has been proposed as an alternative for FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) to diagnose obstructive diseases with less effort during spirometry; however, its prognostic value is unknown. We evaluated whether FEV1/FEV6 is a significant predictor of mortality in elderly subjects and compared its prognostic value with that of FEV1/FVC and FEV1. Methods:  One thousand nine hundred and seventy-one subjects, aged >65 years, participated in the population-based SA.R.A. study. During the baseline exam, a multidimensional assessment included spirometry. Vital status was determined during 6 …

The Effect Of Spirometry On Bronchial And Alveolar Nitric Oxide In Subjects With Asthma

2012

Early infancy BMI trajectories and lung function and asthma during childhood

2019

Previous studies assessing the association of birthweight and infant weight gain with lung function and asthma have focused on the difference between two time points or on growth patterns. Body mass index (BMI) trajectories, which integrate information on multiple aspects of growth, may allow a more accurate identification of children at higher risk of future respiratory diseases. We assessed the associations of BMI trajectories from birth to 4 years with lung function and current asthma at 7 years. We included 1399 participants from the population-based INMA birth cohort study. Five BMI trajectories were previously identified: ‘average birth size-slower BMI gain’, ‘higher birth size-accele…

Monitoring response to treatment in asthma management: food for thought

2004

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that is characterized by episodic symptoms. In this regard, asthma management has classically involved periodic re-assessment by the health-care provider, during which therapy is altered mainly based on clinical and physiological parameters, such as assessment of symptoms, spirometry and peak expiratory flow monitoring. In this context, various markers of airway inflammation (e.g. eosinophils in the induced sputum, nitric oxide in the exhaled air) have been proposed to assess the severity of asthma and to adjust the therapy accordingly. The evaluation of airway hyper-responsiveness with different stimuli has also been suggested as a n…

3 He-MRI-based vs. conventional determination of lung volumes in patients after unilateral lung transplantation: a new approach to regional spirometry

2002

Background: To use 3Helium (3He)-MRI in patients with unilateral lung grafts to assess the contributions of graft and native lung to total ventilated lung volume, and second to compare conventional measurements of intrapulmonary gas volume (spirometry, body plethysmography) with image-based volumetry of ventilated lung parenchyma visualized by hyperpolarized 3He-MRI. Methods: With Ethics Committee approval, five patients with single lung transplantation (SLTX) for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) underwent both conventional pulmonary function testing (PFT) and 3He-MRI of the lung. Intrapulmonary gas volume (GV) during the inspiratory breathhold for 3He-MRI was calculated from measured fu…

Funktionelle Bildgebung der Lunge mit gasförmigem Kontrastmittel: ³Helium-Magnetresonanztomographie

2005

Current imaging methods of the lung concentrate on morphology as well as on the depiction of the pulmonary parenchyma. The need of an advanced and more subtle imaging technology compared to conventional radiography is met by computed topography as the method of choice. Nevertheless, computed tomography yields very limited functional information. This is to be derived from arterial blood gas analysis, spirometry and body plethysmography. These methods, however, lack the scope for regional allocation of any pathology. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lung has been advanced by the use of hyperpolarised (3)Helium as an inhaled gaseous contrast agent. The inhalation of the gas provides function…

Respiratory Muscle Strengths and Their Association with Lean Mass and Handgrip Strengths in Older Institutionalized Individuals

2020

The study of reduced respiratory muscle strengths in relation to the loss of muscular function associated with ageing is of great interest in the study of sarcopenia in older institutionalized individuals. The present study assesses the association between respiratory muscle parameters and skeletal mass content and strength, and analyzes associations with blood cell counts and biochemical parameters related to protein, lipid, glucose and ion profiles. A multicenter cross-sectional study was performed among patients institutionalized in nursing homes. The respiratory muscle function was evaluated by peak expiratory flow, maximal respiratory pressures and spirometry parameters, and skeletal m…