Search results for "Stages"
showing 10 items of 217 documents
Use of physicochemical processing in treating urban waste waters
1994
The principal objective of the present study was to compare two clearly defined purification processes in two stages: the periods 1985–1987 (conventional) and 1988–1990 (physico‐chemical). In general, the mean concentrations obtained were lower in the second period. A z‐test for comparing means was applied, but no significant correlation was observed (p ≤ 0.05). The mean concentrations obtained (with some exceptions) are lower in the second period. With the passing of time, the total volume of sewage flow has increased, and hence the load of contaminants has become diluted. The use of physico‐chemical treatment prior to biological processing may be the cause of the increase in cost.
Success factors and barriers facing the innovative start-ups and their influence upon performance over time
2004
Based upon a sample of 18 start-up innovative firms, all of them located in the Bay Area of San Francisco, this study is intended to shed some light on the strengths, opportunities, weaknesses and threats usually common to the innovative start-up firms, gathered into five areas: funding, management, focus, personal profile and goals and growth strategy. Managerial and organisational hurdles prevail during the first stages of development, whereas most strengths fall into the funding, focus and personal profile categories. An update of the 18 firms under study in year 2002 certifies the innovation start-ups usually manage grow faster than the conventional SMEs.
Recensión: Ovejero, A. Autogestión en tiempos de crisis. Utilidad de las colectividades libertarias
2018
El libro propone desde la Psicología un aumento de las conductas prosociales enfocadas hacía la justicia, dignidad equidad y bien común y así superar la crisis económica actual. El autor muestra las colectividades españolas como referente para la situación actual. Los recensores conectan esta propuesta con la de Kohlberg para favorecer la construcción de una comunidad moral y una ciudadanía con autonomía moral.
Fascioliasis and other plant-borne trematode zoonoses
2005
Fascioliasis and other food-borne trematodiases are included in the list of important helminthiases with a great impact on human development. Six plant-borne trematode species have been found to affect humans: Fasciola hepatica, Fasciola gigantica and Fasciolopsis buski (Fasciolidae), Gastrodiscoides hominis (Gastrodiscidae), Watsonius watsoni and Fischoederius elongatus (Paramphistomidae). Whereas F. hepatica and F. gigantica are hepatic, the other four species are intestinal parasites. The fasciolids and the gastrodiscid cause important zoonoses distributed throughout many countries, while W. watsoni and F. elongatus have been only accidentally detected in humans. Present climate and glob…
Is the population genetic structure of complex life cycle parasites determined by the geographic range of the most motile host?
2010
Due to their particular way of life, dispersal of parasites is often mediated by their host's biology. Dispersal distance is relevant for parasites because high degree of dispersal leads to high gene flow, which counters the rate of parasite local adaptation in the host populations. Parasites with complex life cycles need to exploit sequentially more than one host species to complete their life cycle. Most trematode parasites have such complex life cycles involving invertebrate and vertebrate hosts. The spatial scales of invertebrate and vertebrate host populations are often different, which may decrease the probability that the parasite cycles locally in the intermediate host population. W…
Phylogeny and life cycle of the zoonotic pathogen Vibrio vulnificus
2020
Vibrio vulnificus is a zoonotic pathogen able to cause diseases in humans and fish that occasionally result in sepsis and death. Most reviews about this pathogen (including those related to its ecology) are clearly biased towards its role as a human pathogen, emphasizing its relationship with oysters as its main reservoir, the role of the known virulence factors as well as the clinic and the epidemiology of the human disease. This review tries to give to the reader a wider vision of the biology of this pathogen covering aspects related to its phylogeny and evolution and filling the gaps in our understanding of the general strategies that V. vulnificus uses to survive outside and inside its …
Inbreeding depression in an insect with maternal care: influences of family interactions, life stage and offspring sex.
2013
Although inbreeding is commonly known to depress individual fitness, the severity of inbreeding depression varies considerably across species. Among the factors contributing to this variation, family interactions, life stage and sex of offspring have been proposed, but their joint influence on inbreeding depression remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that these three factors jointly shape inbreeding depression in the European earwig, Forficula auricularia. Using a series of cross-breeding, split-clutch and brood size manipulation experiments conducted over two generations, we first showed that sib mating (leading to inbred offspring) did not influence the reproductive success of…
Readiness for health behavior changes among low fitness men in a Finnish health promotion campaign.
2016
Men have been a hard-to-reach population in health behavior programs and it has been claimed that they are less interested in health issues than women. However, less is known about that how ready men are to adopt new health behaviors. This study examined readiness for change in physical activity (PA) and eating behavior (EB) among low fitness and overweight working-aged Finnish men who participated in a PA campaign. Associations among perceived health knowledge, health behaviors, psychosocial factors and readiness for change were studied. Data comprised 362 men aged 18–64. Physical fitness was assessed with a body fitness index constructed on the basis of the Polar OwnIndex Test, a hand gri…
Climate warming and disease risks in temperate regions – Argulus coregoni and Diplostomum spathaceum as case studies
2006
AbstractThe link between climate changes and disease risks from various pathogens has been increasingly recognized. The effect of climatic factors on host–parasite population dynamics is particularly evident in northern latitudes where the occurrence and transmission of parasites are strongly regulated by seasonality-driven changes in environmental temperatures. Shortened winter periods would increase growth potential of many parasite populations. The ways in which climate warming could affect life history dynamics of the directly transmitted crustacean ectoparasite Argulus coregoni and complex life cycle trematode Diplostomum spathaceum, which frequently cause problems in northern fish far…
A System of Indicators for Evaluating Public Broadcasting Corporations
2018
We describe an operational procedure to build an integrated information system (IIS) for monitoring and evaluating the performance of public broadcasting corporations (PBC). The procedure grounds in a conceptual framework derived from evaluation models, and consists of two stages. The first stage is the selection, through expert judgment, of simple indicators that illustrate the most relevant aspects of the corporations. The second stage is the definition of a system of indicators related to each level of the hierarchy of objectives planned by the corporations. The system of indicators has two levels. The first level is a basic indicator system that allows description and monitoring of the …