Search results for "Staging."
showing 10 items of 715 documents
S2k guidelines for Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC, neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin) – update 2018
2019
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC, ICD-O M8247 / 3) is a rare malignant primary skin tumor with epithelial and neuroendocrine differentiation. The neoplastic cells share many morphological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural characteristics with Merkel cells of the skin. The diagnosis of MCC is rarely made on clinical grounds. Histological and immunohistochemical studies are usually required to confirm the clinical suspicion. Given the frequent occurrence of occult lymph node metastasis, sentinel lymph node biopsy should be performed once distant metastasis has been ruled out by cross-sectional imaging. Primary tumors without evidence of organ metastases are treated with complete surgical exc…
Prediction of N0 Irradiated Rectal Cancer Comparing MRI Before and After Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy
2017
Background: The prediction of lymph node status using MRI has an impact on the management of rectal cancer, both before and after preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Objective: The purpose of this study was to maximize the negative predictive value and sensitivity of mesorectal lymph node imaging after chemoradiotherapy because postchemoradiation node-negative patients may be treated with rectum-sparing approaches. Design: This was a retrospective study. Settings: The study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital. Patients: Sixty-four patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who underwent preoperative chemoradiotherapy and MRI for staging and the assessment of response were evaluated. Mai…
Value of routine abdominal and lymph node sonography in the follow-up of breast cancer patients.
1994
Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to review usefulness and intervals for abdominal sonography during the follow-up of breast cancer patients. Additionally, we assessed the value of regional lymph node sonography in patients with possible locoregional recurrence. Subjects: Retrospectively, 2657 abdominal ultrasound examinations of 414 patients and 299 sonographic examinations of the regional lymph nodes in 227 patients after surgical treatment for breast cancer were evaluated. Results: Follow-up abdominal sonography revealed metastases in 6.8% of patients, and in 1% of examinations. There was no dependence on the initial T- or N-stage. At sonography of the regional lymph nodes in…
Removal of primary tumor improves survival in metastatic breast cancer. Does timing of surgery influence outcomes?
2010
Resection of intact primary tumor is controversial in metastatic breast cancer patients. The aim of this study is to review the impact of surgical resection of primary tumor on overall survival and to assess the role of timing of surgery on survival rates.208 patients with metastatic breast cancer diagnosed between 1982 and 2005 in the Hospital Clinico of Valencia (Spain) were analysed. Exclusion criteria were age80, PS 3-4, Charlson score 3 or follow-up90 days. 123 of these underwent surgery and 85 did not. In order to assess the role of timing, the "surgery" cohort was divided into two sub-groups: "before" (n = 78) or "after" (n = 45) diagnosis of disseminated disease.In the surgery group…
Screening of colorectal cancer: present and future
2017
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in males and second in females, and the fourth most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Currently, about 60-70% of diagnosed cases in symptomatic patients are detected at an advanced stage of disease. Earlier stage detection through the use of screening strategies would allow for better outcomes in terms of reducing the disease burden. Areas covered: The aim of this paper is to review the current published evidence from literature which assesses the performance and effectiveness of different screening tests for the early detection of CRC. Expert commentary: Adequate screening strategies can reduce CRC incidence and mortality. In th…
Evaluation of low-dose metronomic (LDM) cyclophosphamide toxicity in cats with malignant neoplasia
2014
Oral administration of low-dose cyclophosphamide in pets with spontaneously occurring malignant neoplasms has become a common practice in veterinary medicine. The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate toxicity events in cats with spontaneous malignancies receiving cyclophosphamide as a metronomic therapy for at least 1 month. The number and severity of clinical, haematological and biochemical adverse events were recorded according to the Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group’s Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v1.1 classification scheme. Twenty-four cats were enrolled in the study with a total number of 27 neoplasms: 13 sarcomas, 12 carcinomas, one melanoma an…
Handling and pathology reporting of specimens with carcinoma of the urinary bladder, ureter, and renal pelvis.
2003
Abstract Objective: Pathologists play a pivotal role in the diagnosis and in the report of the pathological features related to prognosis. Methods: To meet these endpoints, the following issues must be accomplished: adequate information about the patient history, proper handling of the specimens, identification of the reliable histopathological techniques necessary to reach the more detailed diagnostic information and evaluate the prognostic variables, and a standardized pathological report. Results: Recent efforts to standardize the histopathological evaluation have generated significant confusion among the urological and pathological communities as well. No consensus has been achieved abo…
Results of conservative treatment (transurethral resection plus adjuvant intravesical chemotherapy) in patients with primary T1, G3 transitional cell…
1996
Objectives. To evaluate a selected population of 50 consecutive patients with primary T1, G3 bladder transitional cell carcinoma in the absence of carcinoma in situ (Tis) treated with a bladder-sparing approach. Methods. Between January 1983 and December 1992, all patients were treated by transurethral resection (TUR) plus adjuvant intravesical chemotherapy over 1 year. In most cases, doxorubicin, epirubicin, and mitomycin were used alone or in combination. Results. At a mean follow-up period of 52 months (range, 18 to 126), 16 of 50 patients (32%) showed a recurrent superficial tumor. The recurrent lesion was of Stage T1 in 11 (22%) cases, but was a T1, G3 tumor only in 5 cases (10%). In 2…
Sentinel lymph node imaging in urologic oncology
2018
Lymph node (LN) metastases in urological malignancies correlate with poor oncological outcomes. Accurate LN staging is of great importance since patients can benefit from an optimal staging, accordingly aligned therapy and more radical treatments. Current conventional cross-sectional imaging modalities [e.g., computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)] are not accurate enough to reliably detect early LN metastases as they rely on size criteria. Radical lymphadenectomy, the surgical removal of regional LNs, is the gold standard of invasive LN staging. The LN dissection is guided by anatomic considerations of lymphatic drainage pathways of the primary tumor. Selection of pa…
ICUD-EAU International Consultation on Bladder Cancer 2012: Non–Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder
2012
Item does not contain fulltext CONTEXT: Our aim was to present a summary of the Second International Consultation on Bladder Cancer recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment options for non-muscle-invasive urothelial cancer of the bladder (NMIBC) using an evidence-based approach. OBJECTIVE: To critically review the recent data on the management of NMIBC to arrive at a general consensus. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A detailed Medline analysis was performed for original articles addressing the treatment of NMIBC with regard to diagnosis, surgery, intravesical chemotherapy, and follow-up. Proceedings from the last 5 yr of major conferences were also searched. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: The major findi…