Search results for "Standard"

showing 10 items of 3299 documents

The wolf in sheep’s clothing: microtomographic aspects of clinically incipient radiation-related caries

2015

Background: Radiation-related caries (RRC) can cause rapid progression, with a high potential for dental destruction affecting mainly cervical and incisal areas. Unlike the injuries that occur in the conventional caries, incipient RRC present in unusual surfaces have difficult diagnosis and classification stages of cavitation. Material and Methods: Evaluate the radiographic patterns of demineralization of RRC by using micro-CT. Ten teeth with incipient RRC and 10 teeth with incipient conventional caries (control group) matched by anatomic teeth group and caries affected surfaces were evaluated by X-ray microtomography (micro-CT) Skyscan 1174V2 (50Kv, 1.3 megapixel, Kontich, Belgium). Teeth …

RadiographyDentistryOdontologíaDental Caries03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinestomatognathic systemDentinmedicineHumansDental EnamelRadiation InjuriesGeneral DentistryStandard positionOral Medicine and PathologyEnamel paintbusiness.industryResearch030206 dentistry:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Ciencias de la saludDemineralizationstomatognathic diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologyDepth of invasion030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCoronal planevisual_artDentinUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASvisual_art.visual_art_mediumPulp (tooth)Surgerybusiness
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Test of the MODIS Land Surface Temperature and Emissivity Separation Algorithm With Ground Measurements Over a Rice Paddy

2016

The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land surface temperature (LST) and emissivity separation (MODTES) algorithm is the basis of the MOD21 product, which provides 1-km LSTs and emissivities for bands 29 (8.55 μm), 31 (11 μm), and 32 (12 μm). The MODTES algorithm uses the TES method with the water vapor scaling (WVS) method for refined atmospheric correction. The performance of the MODTES algorithm was tested with a set of MODIS data concurrent with ground LST and emissivity measurements. The test site is a large area of homogeneous full-cover rice crops (graybody), with high atmospheric water vapor. The data included LSTs measured along transects with multiple calibrate…

Radiometer010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences0211 other engineering and technologiesAtmospheric correction02 engineering and technologyResidual01 natural sciencesStandard deviationEmissivityGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesEnvironmental scienceModerate-resolution imaging spectroradiometerElectrical and Electronic EngineeringDispersion (water waves)Water vapor021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRemote sensingIEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
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Can (noncommutative) geometry accommodate leptoquarks?

1997

We investigate the geometric interpretation of the Standard Model based on noncommutative geometry. Neglecting the $S_0$-reality symmetry one may introduce leptoquarks into the model. We give a detailed discussion of the consequences (both for the Connes-Lott and the spectral action) and compare the results with physical bounds. Our result is that in either case one contradicts the experimental results.

Reality structurePhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryNuclear and High Energy PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyScalar (mathematics)FOS: Physical sciencesNoncommutative geometryAction (physics)Quantum differential calculusStandard Model (mathematical formulation)Theoretical physicsHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Mathematics::K-Theory and HomologyHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNoncommutative algebraic geometryNoncommutative quantum field theory
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Indirect evaluation of pit and fissure sealants: a 3D-based method validation

2019

Background The aim of the present study was to compare indirect methods to assess the clinical performance of pit and fissure sealants and validate the use of 3D scanners. Material and Methods Sample consisted of 58 plaster models of upper and lower first permanent molars, sealed with resin sealants, as well as photographs obtained during the 18-month follow-up. Pre-established criteria were applied to categorize the sealant presence/absence and marginal integrity. Two calibrated examiners performed the evaluations, independently, using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM; gold-standard), Photography, 3D (CEREC In Lab) and Stereomicroscope analysis. Results The intra-examiner Spearman correla…

Receiver operating characteristicFissurebusiness.industrySealantResearchDentistryGold standard (test):CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Spearman's rank correlation coefficientCommunity and Preventive DentistryFOTOGRAFIA EM ODONTOLOGIAmedicine.anatomical_structureCERECStereo microscopeUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASmedicinebusinessGeneral DentistryKappaMathematics
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The use of triamcinolone combined with surgery in major ear keloid treatment: a personal two stages approach

2015

Background: Keloid is a fibroproliferative disorder characterized by an abnormal deposition of collagen within a wound. Despite an increased understanding of wound healing and collagen metabolism, the exact cause, the clinical behavior, and gold standard of treatment for keloids remain an enigma. There is no one right way of treatment, the results are variable, and the management of ear keloids can be difficult and frustrating both for patients and physicians. Traditional techniques include intralesional steroids, topical applications of silicone, vitamins, and segmental excision by lasers or surgery. The purposes of this article are to review the literature concerning the current therapies…

Reconstructive surgerymedicine.medical_specialtyTriamcinolone acetonidebusiness.industryGold standardEvidence-based medicinemedicine.diseaseDermatologySurgeryEar keloidPlastic surgeryKeloidQuality of lifeTriamcinolone acetonide injectionMedicineSurgeryRadical excisionskin and connective tissue diseasesbusinessWound healingmedicine.drug
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Rotational CARS thermometry at high temperature (1800 K) and high pressure (0.1-1.55 MPa)

2007

International audience; Dual-broadband rotational CARS (DB-RCARS) thermometry has been investigated at high temperature and high pressure. Single-shot measurements were performed at 1800 K, in air and nitrogen at pressures up to 1.55 MPa and in oxygen at pressures up to 0.5 MPa. For all conditions, the resonant signal contribution to the spectra clearly dominated over the non-resonant one, implying the high potential for DB-RCARS for temperature and concentration measurements also at the high temperatures and pressures used in the present investigation. The relative standard deviation was generally similar to 2% for single-shot data at pressures from 0.5 to 1.55 MPa. At the investigated tem…

Relative standard deviationAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesOxygenSpectral lineStandard deviation010309 opticssymbols.namesakecombustion diagnostics0103 physical sciencesGeneral Materials Sciencerotational CARSSpectroscopy[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyNitrogengas-phase thermometryHigh pressureExcited statesymbols0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopy
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Standardizing the use of fast-field cycling NMR relaxometry for measuring hydrological connectivity inside the soil

2019

Hydrological connectivity inside the soil (HCS) is applied to study the effects of heterogeneities in complex environmental systems. It refers to both the spatial patterns inside the soil (i.e., structural connectivity [SC]) and the physical–chemical processes at a molecular level (i.e., functional connectivity [FC]). NMR relaxometry has been already applied to assess both SC and FC components of the HCS by defining SC and FC indexes. Here, fast-field cycling NMR relaxometry has been applied on a water suspended soil and a sediment to optimize the conditions to standardize the technique. Proton Larmor frequencies (ωL) from 0.01 to 25 MHz were used on samples suspended in three different rat…

RelaxometryMacroporeField cycling010405 organic chemistryChemistrysample-to-water ratioFunctional connectivityfunctional connectivityrelaxometrySettore AGR/13 - Chimica AgrariaSedimentSoil scienceGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesMolecular levelSpatial ecologystandardized runstructural connectivityGeneral Materials ScienceCyclingsoil propertieMagnetic Resonance in Chemistry
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Data sets for energy rating of photovoltaic modules

2013

Abstract A proposal for generating standard climatic data sets for use in energy rating of photovoltaic (PV) modules is presented which will give a good comparability between different technologies. The current proposal of standard data sets consisting of “typical days” do not give realistic estimates of PV performance and thus is not sufficient as a rating standard. A dataset striking the balance between being significant for any location but does not consisting of too much data is required. A method to generate such a dataset is presented, meeting all the requirements of an international standard while being sufficiently accurate to differentiate between different devices of different man…

Renewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentComputer science020209 energyInternational standardPhotovoltaic systemComparability02 engineering and technologyVariation (game tree)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologycomputer.software_genre7. Clean energyWork (electrical)13. Climate action0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringInformation systemGeneral Materials ScienceRelevance (information retrieval)Data mining0210 nano-technologycomputerEnergy (signal processing)Solar Energy
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Considerations concerning the renormalization of the electroweak sector of the standard model

1990

Abstract Examination of the structure of one-loop corrected amplitudes for arbitrary processes mediated by W, Z and γ in the simple renormalization framework previously discussed by the author, leads to natural choices for the renormalized self-energies and vertex corrections. They satisfy simple renormalization conditions and, as q2 → 0, the W and Z propagators approach the free expressions with a correction of O(αq2/mW2). The renormalization conditions allow us to circumvent certain ambiguities that arise, to O(α2), in current analyses of Δr and κ(q2). A useful simplified form for the Z propagator is presented.

RenormalizationPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsCurrent (mathematics)Simple (abstract algebra)Quantum electrodynamicsElectroweak interactionStructure (category theory)Vertex (curve)PropagatorMathematical physicsStandard ModelNuclear Physics B
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Imperative and Elective Indications for Nephron-Sparing Surgery for Renal Tumors: Long-Term Oncological Follow-Up

2010

INTRODUCTION: Nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) is mandatory for patients with renal tumors in both kidneys or in a solitary kidney in order to preserve renal function (imperative indication). NSS has also become the gold standard (elective indication) for small unilateral renal tumors (< 4 cm) with a normal contralateral kidney. We report the oncological long-term follow-up of NSS of our own series and discuss the results of the current literature. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 1979 until 2006, a total of 851 patients was treated at our institu-tion by NSS. The mean tumor diameter was 3 cm (0.5-11 cm) for elective cases and 4.2 cm (1.2-11 cm) for imperative cases. The median follow-up for electiv…

Reoperationmedicine.medical_specialtyUrologySolitary kidneyRenal functionNephrectomyDisease-Free SurvivalNeoplasms Multiple PrimaryPostoperative ComplicationsRenal cell carcinomamedicineHumansCarcinoma Renal CellRetrospective StudiesTumor sizebusiness.industryGold standardNephronsmedicine.diseaseKidney NeoplasmsSurgeryElective Surgical ProceduresKidney Failure ChronicChronic renal failureBoth kidneysNephron sparing surgeryNeoplasm Recurrence LocalbusinessFollow-Up StudiesAktuelle Urologie
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