Search results for "Standard"
showing 10 items of 3299 documents
Initial VET in Spain
2018
lnitial vocational education in Spain was created within the formal education system in 1970. During the reform process, in 1990, it has been acquired modern architecture. During the period from 1990 to 2002, a series of reforms took place in the country, the most important of which was the adoption in 2002 of the national law on education, the main provisions of which were agreed upon with all stakeholders - the main political parties, social agents, employers and trade unions. The law introduced the following key features of the vocational education system in Spain: a mandatory curriculum module for all students of vocational s implemented directly at the workplace; the same requirements …
Proposal of a Modelling of the Innovation Process in an International Manufacturing Company
2017
Nowadays, to cope with the competition, and to ensure the durability of their activities, companies have to be able to innovate. Manufacturing companies operating in a B2B market often perceive innovation as a technological result. However, innovation is often more characterized as a process. The needs of the users, and not only the technology, can achieve innovation. In this context, our paper intends to determine how to involve better the users in the innovation process of an international manufacturing company, which is, according to us, representative of the current manufacturing companies. The aim of our research paper is to help manufacturing companies to manage innovation led by user…
Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Determination of Chromium in Sediments
1999
Abstract An electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric method has been developed to determine total chromium concentration in natural sediment samples. Samples were mineralized by dry ashing at 550°C and fused at 1100°C for 30 min with lithium metaborate. Dissolved samples were injected in graphite tubes, mineralized at 1100°C, and atomized at 2600°C. Standard addition calibration made unnecessary the use of chemical modifiers. The method provided a limit of detection from 23 to 45 ng liter −1 . The relative standard deviation for chromium determination was between 3 and 14%. Results obtained for a standard reference material agree well with the certified value. A series of natural samp…
EPR DOSIMETRY IN A MIXED NEUTRON AND GAMMA RADIATION FIELD
2004
Suitability of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy for criticality dosimetry was evaluated for tooth enamel, mannose and alanine pellets during the 'international intercomparison of criticality dosimetry techniques' at the SILENE reactor held in Valduc in June 2002, France. These three materials were irradiated in neutron and gamma-ray fields of various relative intensities and spectral distributions in order to evaluate their neutron sensitivity. The neutron response was found to be around 10% for tooth enamel, 45% for mannose and between 40 and 90% for alanine pellets according their type. According to the IAEA recommendations on the early estimate of criticality accident a…
The Development of Global Internal Audit Methodology Approaches
2015
Internal auditing is an independent, objective assurance and consulting activity designed to add value and improve an organization's operations. It helps an organization accomplish its objectives by bringing a systematic, disciplined approach to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of risk management, control, and governance processes (IIA Definition, 2009). “…Whenever the advance of civilization brought about necessity of one man being intrusted to some extent with the property of other, the advisability of some kind of check upon the fidelity of the former would become apparent”(Richard Brown ,1961). The aim of this research is to clarify global internal audit historical methodology app…
Validation of a set of reference genes to study response to herbicide stress in grasses
2012
Abstract Background Non-target-site based resistance to herbicides is a major threat to the chemical control of agronomically noxious weeds. This adaptive trait is endowed by differences in the expression of a number of genes in plants that are resistant or sensitive to herbicides. Quantification of the expression of such genes requires normalising qPCR data using reference genes with stable expression in the system studied as internal standards. The aim of this study was to validate reference genes in Alopecurus myosuroides, a grass (Poaceae) weed of economic and agronomic importance with no genomic resources. Results The stability of 11 candidate reference genes was assessed in plants res…
Towards the standardization of mitochondrial proteomics: the Italian mt-HPP initiative
2017
The mitochondrial Human Proteome Project aims at understanding the function of the mitochondrial proteome and its crosstalk with the proteome of other organelles. Being able to choose a suitable and validated enrichment protocol of functional mitochondria, based on the specific needs of the downstream proteomics analysis, would greatly help the researchers in the field. Mitochondrial fractions from ten model cell lines were prepared using three enrichment protocols and analyzed on seven different LC-MS/MS platforms. All data were processed using neXtProt as reference database. The data are available for the Human Proteome Project purposes through the ProteomeXchange Consortium with the iden…
EXPANSION OF GLOBAL RULE BY LAW ENFORCEMENT: COLOMBIA’S EXTRADITION EXPERIENCE, 1999–2017
2018
We argue that transnational criminal law has enacted a global rule by law enforcement agencies, at odds with the rule of law. Mutual legal assistance agreements (MLAA) allow exporting law enforcement practices without proper judicial oversight. Consequently defendants required in extradition are exposed to abuses, as illustrated here with extradition cases from Colombia to the United States of America (USA) in the past decades. Based on the critical review of documental and statistic information coming from official and independent sources in the U.S. and Colombia, this article pinpoints specific shortcomings that affect due process and fair trials in the case of extradited defendants. Conc…
Living standards and changing expectations : investigating domestic necessity and environmental sustainability in an affluent society
2017
This study explores how the problematic relations of rising living standards and environmental sustainability may be better understood by investigating domestic necessity and daily going-on. These key subjects are looked at from two angles and through two kinds of research material: statistics and quantitative survey material constituting of a nationally representative longitudinal dataset of Finnish people (n=2,417 in 1999, n=3,574 in 2004, n=1,202 in 2009), and in-depth interviews (n=14) of a particular socio-economic group, the well-to-do who have higher-than average income and higher education, and those in their prime working age (30–45 years-old). The survey material provides a tempor…
Paraneeko tilintarkastuksen laatu keskeisten seikkojen raportoimisella tilintarkastuskertomuksessa? : Tilintarkastajien näkökulma
2019
International Auditing and Assurance Board (iaasb) julkaisi vuonna 2015 uuden isa 701 -standardin, jonka mukaan tilintarkastuksen kannalta keskeiset seikat (kam, key audit matters) tulee esittää listattujen yhtiöiden tilintarkastuskertomuksessa. kam-asioiden raportoinnilla on pyritty parantamaan tilintarkastuskertomusten informaatioarvoa. Keskeisten asioiden miettiminen voi toisaalta auttaa fokusoimaan tilintarkastustyötä, mutta lisäinformaation antaminen johtaa toisaalta lisätyöhön ja tekee tilintarkastuskertomuksista pidempiä. Niinpä ei ole selvää, miten kam-lisätietojen antamisen koetaan vaikuttavan tilintarkastustyöhön, tilintarkastuksen laatuun ja tehokkuuteen. Tässä tutkimuksessa tark…