Search results for "Standards"
showing 10 items of 394 documents
Labour market response to globalisation: spain, 1880-1913
2010
Abstract This paper analyses the impact of globalisation (trade and migration) on the Spanish labour market between 1880 and 1913 by examining the influence that globalisation factors had on agricultural and industrial wages. Our results show that the nineteenth century grain invasion had a negative impact on agricultural wages, whereas the fall in wheat prices did not benefit industry workers. We also found that migration pushed up real agricultural and industrial wages. As agriculture was the main sector in the economy, the final impact was a wage decrease. The negative impact of trade on agricultural and industrial labour markets partly explains the trade policy response of “integral pro…
Validating retinal fundus image analysis algorithms: issues and a proposal.
2013
This paper concerns the validation of automatic retinal image analysis (ARIA) algorithms. For reasons of space and consistency, we concentrate on the validation of algorithms processing color fundus camera images, currently the largest section of the ARIA literature. We sketch the context (imaging instruments and target tasks) of ARIA validation, summarizing the main image analysis and validation techniques. We then present a list of recommendations focusing on the creation of large repositories of test data created by international consortia, easily accessible via moderated Web sites, including multicenter annotations by multiple experts, specific to clinical tasks, and capable of running …
Measuring the weather’s impact on MAC layer over 2.4GHz outdoor radio links
2015
The weather s impact on the performance of a radio link at the 2.4 GHz ISM (Industry, Scientific and Medical) band had not been yet studied in great detail up to now as it is generally believed that the ultra-high frequency band is not significantly affected by weather conditions. However, our study shows significant correlations between meteorological variables and control frame errors at MAC (Medium Access Control) layer of the IEEE 802.11b/g standard. This study is performed over an outdoor radio link setting which has been monitored for several months. Moreover, we check if link distance and so modulation scheme and data rate are also decisive features of such impact. Our real scenario …
Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) Representation in Predictive Model Markup Language (PMML)
2017
International audience; This paper describes Gaussian process regression (GPR) models presented in predictive model markup language (PMML). PMML is an extensible-markup-language (XML) -based standard language used to represent data-mining and predictive analytic models, as well as pre- and post-processed data. The previous PMML version, PMML 4.2, did not provide capabilities for representing probabilistic (stochastic) machine-learning algorithms that are widely used for constructing predictive models taking the associated uncertainties into consideration. The newly released PMML version 4.3, which includes the GPR model, provides new features: confidence bounds and distribution for the pred…
Informācijas tehnoloģijas nozares tiesību un standartu pamati
2005
Fundamentals of laws and standards in information and communication technology sector are presented.
Concordance Analysis
2011
Background In this article, we describe qualitative and quantitative methods for assessing the degree of agreement (concordance) between two measuring or rating techniques. An assessment of concordance is particularly important when a new measuring technique is introduced.
Is periapical surgery follow-up with only two-dimensional radiographs reliable? A retrospective cohort type sensitivity study
2021
Background Two-dimensional (2D) radiographic techniques are commonly used for assessing lesion prognosis after endodontic surgery. The present retrospective cohort study analyzes the sensitivity and ability of different radiographic techniques in obtaining area and volume measurements of periapical lesions. Material and Methods Preoperative and follow-up (6-48 months) periapical and panoramic radiographs (index test) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images (reference standard) were selected from an endodontic microsurgery database. Sensitivity was analyzed independently by two examiners. The areas of the 2D radiographic images and CBCT volumes were studied using Itk-Snap software an…
Activities related to inflammatory bowel disease management during and after the coronavirus disease 2019 lockdown in Italy: How to maintain standard…
2020
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Restructuring activities have been necessary during the lockdown phase of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Few data are available on the post-lockdown phase in terms of health-care procedures in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) care, and no data are available specifically from IBD units. We aimed to investigate how IBD management was restructured during the lockdown phase, the impact of the restructuring on standards of care and how Italian IBD units have managed post-lockdown activities. METHODS: A web-based online survey was conducted in two phases (April and June 2020) among the Italian Group for IBD affiliated units within the entire country. We inv…
Developmental control of the heat-shock stress regulon in Streptomyces coelicolor
1995
In the differentiating eubacterium Streptomyces coelicolor, nutritional imbalances activate a developmental programme which involves the heat-shock stress regulon. In liquid batch cultures, the growth curve could be separated into four components: rapid growth 1 (RG1), transition (T), rapid growth 2 (RG2) and stationary (S). Patterns of gene expression in cultures subjected to heat shock in various phases were recorded on two-dimensional gels and analysed using advanced statistical methods. The responses of all heat-shock proteins (HSPs) were highly dependent upon the growth phase, thus demonstrating that the four phases of growth were physiologically distinct. For many HSPs, the levels of …
Micellar electrokinetic chromatography with bile salts for predicting ecotoxicity of aromatic compounds.
2004
The retention factors of several aromatic compounds were obtained by micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) using cholate, taurocholate, deoxycholate and deoxytaurocholate as micellar systems. The possibility of using these retention factors to describe and predict several ecotoxicological activities of different aromatic compounds was evaluated. Adequate correlations retention–ecotoxicity (log LC50 in fish and daphnia, log EC50 in green algae and daphnia, chronic values in fish and green algae, bioconcentration factor, and soil sorption coefficient) were obtained for the micellar systems studied. The predictive ability of the models obtained for these micellar systems was compared. …