Search results for "Starch"
showing 10 items of 182 documents
Interactions between cationic amylose derivatives and a pulp fiber model surface studied by molecular modelling
2007
This study was performed in order to obtain more information about the interactions between pulp fibers and acetylated cationic starch derivatives on a molecular scale. The adsorption of the polymers on the fiber surface was studied by simulating polymers on a fiber model surface at 300 K. Fractional atomic coordinates of regenerated cellulose II were used to generate a cellulose fiber surface model. Carboxylate groups were added on the cellulose surface to represent the anionic charge of pulp fiber which originates from hemicelluloses. Amylose chains cationized and acetylated atom by atom were chosen to represent four different starch derivatives. Atomic charges used in simulations were ca…
Detection of the lunasin peptide in oats (Avena sativa L)
2013
We report the first discovery of lunasin in oats (Avena sativa L). Lunasin is a novel cancer preventive, anti-inflammatory and cholesterol-reducing peptide originally isolated from soy and later found in cereals (barley, rye, wheat, triticale). Lunasin was detected in oats using LC–MS/MS analysis. The chromatograms and mass spectra of lunasin isolated from five oat genotypes were compared with those of the synthetic lunasin peptide. We measured the lunasin content in harvests of two years and found that all tested oat genotypes contained the lunasin peptide. However, we observed genotype-related fluctuations in the lunasin content. Notably, the middle early oat variety ‘Ivory’ contained the…
Natural compounds as light stabilizer for a starch-based biodegradable polymer
2014
Abstract The photooxidation behavior of a commercial starch-based biodegradable polymer, i.e., new generation Mater-Bi, loaded with natural stabilizers was investigated in consideration for outdoor agricultural applications. The photooxidation behavior of the biodegradable films was monitored mainly by mechanical tests and spectroscopic analysis. In order to formulate biodegradable films without any synthetic compounds, suitable for outdoor applications and with good photooxidation stability, antioxidants such as α-tocopherol and quercetin (Q) were considered. The results obtained using natural compounds were compared with those obtained by using a synthetic antioxidant and a light stabiliz…
Effect of konjac glucomannan addition on aroma release in gels containing potato starch.
2014
International audience; The present study aimed to measure the retention of aroma compounds (ethyl acetate, ethyl hexanoate and carvacrol) in dispersions based on konjac glucomannan and/or potato starch, and to highlight the influence of konjac glucomannan on the mechanisms involved in aroma retention. Publications on the effect of konjac glucomannan on aroma release are scarce. Konjac glocomannan is a polysaccharide used as a food additive for its viscous and emulsifying properties. Retention of aroma compounds in dispersions was calculated from partition coefficients which were measured using the phase ratio variation method. This method, consisting of analyses of the headspace at equilib…
Effects of drying temperatures on physico-chemical properties of dried and rehydrated chestnuts (Castanea sativa)
2004
This work evaluated the effects of two drying temperatures (40 and 60 degreesC) on some physical and chemical properties of chestnuts, both dried and after their rehydration using steam at 100 degreesC. The morphological characteristics of fresh starch granules were characterized by a round or oval shape, with diameter length ranging from 3.0. to 15.0 mum. After drying and rehydration, the granules appeared more shapeless and the surfaces were quite rough. The changes also caused more of the open pore volume fraction in samples dried at 60 degreesC, than in those dried at 40 degreesC and, much more, than the fresh samples. Also, calorimetric behaviour, starch and simple sugar changes after …
Performance Test of Various Teeth Diameter of Cylinder Type Sago Rasping Machine
2021
Traditional method of sago starch extraction was a time and labor intensive process. The most laborious stage is pith disintegration which is done by using hammer-like tools called pounder. However, the use of rasping machine to disintegrate the pith is saving time and energy significantly. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of teeth diameter and cylinder rotation speed on performance of cylinder type sago rasping machine. In the experiment, four variations of teeth diameter i.e. 3mm, 4 mm, 5 mm and 6 mm, and three levels of cylinder rotation speed i.e. 1500 rpm, 2000 rpm and 2500 rpm were examined. Results showed that both teeth diameter and cylinder rotation speed s…
Morphological Characterisation of Bacterial Cellulose-Starch Nanocomposites
2008
Acetobacter sp. growing medium was modified in order to produce bacterial cellulose (BC) nanocomposites using a bottom-up technique that allowed starch to be introduced into the cellulose network. The BC-starch mats were hot-pressed to obtain nanocomposites sheets. Morphological characterisation was carried out using Atomic Force Microscopy and Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy. The images obtained from microscopy were then processed using image analysis. Network properties, such as mesh size and fibre orientation were characterised. Fracture surfaces of these new nanocomposites were analysed.
Genetic differentiation and structure of Hippocrepis valentina (Leguminosae) populations
2000
We present an analysis of isozyme variability in natural populations of the plant species Hippocrepis valentina (Leguminosae), which is endemic to the eastern Mediterranean coast of Spain and currently has endangered species status. Our results, obtained by starch-gel electrophoresis of 15 loci, show normal levels of variability for species with similar biology. The comparison with the patterns of genetic variability of two closely related species, H. balearica and H. grosii, confirms the taxonomic status of H. valentina as a proper species, independent of H. balearica, as previously suggested. The analysis of population subdivision shows that substantial variation among populations is pres…
Carbohydrate-Based Nanocarriers Exhibiting Specific Cell Targeting with Minimum Influence from the Protein Corona.
2015
Whenever nanoparticles encounter biological fluids like blood, proteins adsorb on their surface and form a so-called protein corona. Although its importance is widely accepted, information on the influence of surface functionalization of nanocarriers on the protein corona is still sparse, especially concerning how the functionalization of PEGylated nanocarriers with targeting agents will affect protein corona formation and how the protein corona may in turn influence the targeting effect. Herein, hydroxyethyl starch nanocarriers (HES-NCs) were prepared, PEGylated, and modified on the outer PEG layer with mannose to target dendritic cells (DCs). Their interaction with human plasma was then s…
High‐resolution histographical mapping of glucose concentrations in developing cotyledons of Vicia faba in relation to mitotic activity and storage p…
1998
Summary Previous studies provided evidence that the carbohydrate status triggers developmental processes in the growing cotyledons ofVicia faba. We describe here the high-resolution mapping of glucose concentrations in tissue sections of developing faba bean cotyledons by quantitative bioluminescence and single-photon imaging. Patterns of local glucose distributions are compared with tissue cell type, mitotic index and the distribution pattern of starch. During cotyledon differentiation, gradients in the glucose concentration emerge which are related to the particular cell type. Higher concentrations are found in non-differentiated premature regions of the cotyledon whereas mature starch-ac…