Search results for "Statistic"

Cultural surveys and Finnish cultural policy

2017

The following thesis revolves around the research question what is the role of cultural surveys in Finnish cultural policy? In order to try to answer this question, elements were taken into consideration involving the relationship between these types of surveys and trends followed in Finnish cultural policy. Among the elements analysed were: the model of cultural policy in Finland and its shifts, the main cultural surveys carry out in Finland, the cultural surveys at a local level using as an example the case of Helsinki, and the adoption of indicators as measurements for effectiveness in public policy. The research methods used were a combination of a revision of official documents, togeth…

Tilasto, sukupuoli ja työ. Kirja-arvostelu kolmesta teoksesta.

2003

Inferring directionality of coupled dynamical systems using Gaussian process priors: Application on neurovascular systems

2022

Dynamical system theory has recently shown promise for uncovering causality and directionality in complex systems, particularly using the method of convergent cross mapping (CCM). In spite of its success in the literature, the presence of process noise raises concern about CCM's ability to uncover coupling direction. Furthermore, CCM's capacity to detect indirect causal links may be challenged in simulated unidrectionally coupled Rossler-Lorenz systems. To overcome these limitations, we propose a method that places a Gaussian process prior on a cross mapping function (named GP-CCM) to impose constraints on local state space neighborhood comparisons. Bayesian posterior likelihood and…

Understanding the microbial biogeography of ancient human dentitions to guide study design and interpretation

2021

AbstractThe oral cavity is a heterogeneous environment, varying in factors such as pH, oxygen levels, and salivary flow. These factors affect the microbial community composition and distribution of species in dental plaque, but it is not known how well these patterns are reflected in archaeological dental calculus. In most archaeological studies, a single sample of dental calculus is studied per individual and is assumed to represent the entire oral cavity. However, it is not known if this sampling strategy introduces biases into studies of the ancient oral microbiome. Here, we present the results of a shotgun metagenomic study of a dense sampling of dental calculus from four Chalcolithic i…

Tooth replacement rates in early chondrichthyans: a qualitative approach

2009

The continuous replacement of teeth throughout their lifetime is a common characteristic of most chondrichthyans. This process was already present in the earliest representatives of the group. It has been well established that different species of extant sharks show rapid tooth replacement rates; however, some authors have suggested that in early chondrichthyans this rate might have been much slower. Here we present a qualitative approach to analyse tooth replacement rates in the Early Devonian shark Leonodus carlsi, the earliest tooth-bearing shark known to date. For this, we have examined 1,103 isolated teeth from Celtiberia, Spain. Our study provides strong evidences of an extremely slow…

Parent–Infant Attachment Insecurity and Emotional Eating in Adolescence: Mediation through Emotion Suppression and Alexithymia

2021

Contains fulltext : 233652.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Emotional eating (EE), the propensity to eat in response to emotions, is thought to have its origins in the early parent-infant relationship. This study tested the hypothesis that infant attachment insecurity results in EE in adolescence through the increased use of the emotion regulation strategy suppression of emotions and subsequent alexithymia. At the age of 15 months, parent-infant attachment security (n = 129) was observed with two abbreviated attachment measures: the shortened strange situation procedure (SSSP), and the shortened attachment Q-set (S-AQS). At the age of 12 years, children completed self-report questio…

The Spatial Overlap of Police Calls Reporting Street-Level and Behind-Closed-Doors Crime: A Bayesian Modeling Approach

2021

Traditionally, intimate-partner violence has been considered a special type of crime that occurs behind closed doors, with different characteristics from street-level crime. The aim of this study is to analyze the spatial overlap of police calls reporting street-level and behind-closed-doors crime. We analyzed geocoded police calls in the 552 census-block groups of the city of Valencia, Spain, related to street-level crime (N = 26,624) and to intimate-partner violence against women (N = 11,673). A Bayesian joint model was run to analyze the spatial overlap. In addition, two Bayesian hierarchical models controlled for different neighborhood characteristics to analyze the relative risks. Resu…

The effect of defect location on coating fragmentation patterns under biaxial tension

2005

Fragmentation of a coating possessing orthogonal preferential crack propagation directions is modeled for equibiaxial tensile loading. Two plausible cracking scenarios are compared, caused by flaws randomly distributed over the area of the coating or along the coating fragment edges. The two fragmentation scenarios considered are shown to yield qualitatively different fragment patterns.

Quality evaluation in public services: statistical modelling for effective management.

1999

Functional linear models for the analysis of similarity of waveforms

2018

In seismology methods based on waveform similarity analysis are adopted to identify sequences of events characterized by similar fault mechanism and prop- agation pattern. Seismic waves can be considered as spatially interdependent three dimensional curves depending on time and the waveform similarity analysis can be configured as a functional clustering approach, on the basis of which the member- ship is assessed by the shape of the temporal patterns. For providing qualitative ex- traction of the most important information from the recorded signals we propose an integration of the metadata, related to the waves, as explicative variables of a func- tional linear models. The temporal pattern…