Search results for "Statistical inference"
showing 10 items of 40 documents
Estimators and confidence intervals of f2 using bootstrap methodology for the comparison of dissolution profiles
2021
Abstract Background and objectives: The most widely used method to compare dissolution profiles is the similarity factor f 2 . When this method is not applicable, the confidence interval of f 2 using bootstrap methodology has been recommended instead. As neither details of the estimator nor the types of confidence intervals are described in the guidelines, the suitability of five estimators and fourteen types of confidence intervals were investigated in this study by simulation. Methods: One million individual dissolution profiles were simulated for the reference and test populations with predefined target population f 2 values, where random samples of different sizes were drawn without rep…
Statistical inference in abstracts of 3 influential clinical pharmacology journals analysed using a text‐mining algorithm
2021
Aim To describe the trend in the prevalence of statistical inference in three influential clinical pharmacology journals METHODS: We applied a computer-based algorithm to abstracts of three clinical pharmacology journals published in 1976 to 2016 to identify statistical inference and its subtypes. Furthermore, we manually reviewed a random sample of 300 articles to access algorithm's performance in finding statistical inference in abstracts and as a screening tool for presence and absence of statistical inference in full text. Result The algorithm identified 59% (13,375/22,516 [mid p 95% CI, 59%-60%]) article abstracts with statistical inference. The percentage of abstracts with statistical…
Statistical Analysis of a Method to Predict Drug–Polymer Miscibility
2015
In this study, a method proposed to predict drug-polymer miscibility from differential scanning calorimetry measurements was subjected to statistical analysis. The method is relatively fast and inexpensive and has gained popularity as a result of the increasing interest in the formulation of drugs as amorphous solid dispersions. However, it does not include a standard statistical assessment of the experimental uncertainty by means of a confidence interval. In addition, it applies a routine mathematical operation known as "transformation to linearity," which previously has been shown to be subject to a substantial bias. The statistical analysis performed in this present study revealed that t…
Probabilistic inference of approximations
2006
We consider probabilistic inductive inference of Godel numbers of total recursive functions when the set of possible errors is allowed to be infinite, but with bounded density. We have obtained hierarchies of classes of functions identifiable with different probabilities up to sets with fixed density. The obtained hierarchies turn out to be different from those which we have in the case of exact identification.
P-Value, Confidence Intervals, and Statistical Inference: A New Dataset of Misinterpretation
2017
Statistical inference is essential for science since the twentieth century (Salsburg, 2001). Since it's introduction into science, the null hypothesis significance testing (NHST), in which the P-value serves as the index of “statistically significant,” is the most widely used statistical method in psychology (Sterling et al., 1995; Cumming et al., 2007), as well as other fields (Wasserstein and Lazar, 2016). However, surveys consistently showed that researchers in psychology may not able to interpret P-value and related statistical procedures correctly (Oakes, 1986; Haller and Krauss, 2002; Hoekstra et al., 2014; Badenes-Ribera et al., 2016). Even worse, these misinterpretations of P-value …
The repeatability and reproducibility of calibrating signals generated by Hsu-Nielsen method
2005
During the measurements of the acoustic emission signals taken both in the laboratory and industrial conditions it is necessary to carry out calibration of the measurement paths used. One of the basic calibration methods is the one invented by Hsu-Nielsen, which consists in generating an acoustic signal during breaking a scriber placed in a special head put on an automatic pencil. The paper presents the measurement results of acoustic signals taken at various structural parameters of calibrating heads, which was done to determine their influence on the repeatability of the results obtained. Moreover, the measurements were taken for ten identical, in relation to their geometrical measurement…
Conditionally heteroscedastic intensity-dependent marking of log Gaussian Cox processes
2009
Spatial marked point processes are models for systems of points which are randomly distributed in space and provided with measured quantities called marks. This study deals with marking, that is methods of constructing marked point processes from unmarked ones. The focus is density-dependent marking where the local point intensity affects the mark distribution. This study develops new markings for log Gaussian Cox processes. In these markings, both the mean and variance of the mark distribution depend on the local intensity. The mean, variance and mark correlation properties are presented for the new markings, and a Bayesian estimation procedure is suggested for statistical inference. The p…
Statistical inference and Monte Carlo algorithms
1996
This review article looks at a small part of the picture of the interrelationship between statistical theory and computational algorithms, especially the Gibbs sampler and the Accept-Reject algorithm. We pay particular attention to how the methodologies affect and complement each other.
Olley–Pakes productivity decomposition: computation and inference
2016
Summary We show how a moment-based estimation procedure can be used to compute point estimates and standard errors for the two components of the widely used Olley–Pakes decomposition of aggregate (weighted average) productivity. When applied to business level microdata, the procedure allows for autocovariance and heteroscedasticity robust inference and hypothesis testing about, for example, the coevolution of the productivity components in different groups of firms. We provide an application to Finnish firm level data and find that formal statistical inference casts doubt on the conclusions that one might draw on the basis of a visual inspection of the components of the decomposition.
Affine Invariant Multivariate Sign and Rank Tests and Corresponding Estimates: a Review
1999
The paper reviews recent contributions to the statistical inference methods, tests and estimates, based on the generalized median of Oja. Multivariate analogues of sign and rank concepts, affine invariant one-sample and two-sample sign tests and rank tests, affine equivariant median and Hodges–Lehmann-type estimates are reviewed and discussed. Some comparisons are made to other generalizations. The theory is illustrated by two examples.